發(fā)布時間：2018-06-06 13:27

  本文選題：異常高壓 + 氣層識別��； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：川中龍女寺氣田地質構造復雜,斷層、裂縫較為發(fā)育,其目的層巖性以碳酸鹽巖為主,地層壓力系數變化范圍在1.0-1.9之間,表現(xiàn)為明顯異常高壓。本文以龍女寺構造沙溪廟-燈影組地層為主要研究對象,充分利用地質、鉆井、測錄井等數據,從巖石力學角度出發(fā),重點開展地層孔隙壓力預測及高壓氣層識別,為高壓氣藏的順利鉆探和高效開發(fā)提供了決策依據。主要研究內容和取得成果如下： (1)基于NCRA法開展了復雜地層巖性分析,結合取芯和巖屑錄井資料建立了工區(qū)地層巖性剖面。利用電成像測井資料分析了目的層的裂縫和孔洞等空隙空間結構特征。這為異常高壓氣層識別提供了巖性和物性依據。 (2)傳統(tǒng)的地層孔隙壓力計算方法忽略了流體膨脹、構造擠壓等因素,降低了地層壓力計算的精度。龍女寺構造異常高壓的主要成因是地層卸載作用,包括烴源巖生油和油裂解氣兩個方面。本文采用改進的伊頓法和有效應力法分別計算砂泥巖和碳酸鹽巖地層的地層孔隙壓力,計算結果與實測地層壓力相符。工區(qū)大安寨-筇竹寺組地層呈現(xiàn)異常高壓。 (3)利用工區(qū)關鍵井層段的橫波時差和縱波時差數據,通過回歸分析得出橫波時差曲線的計算公式,據此可構建無陣列聲波資料井的橫波時差曲線,為巖石力學參數的計算提供了重要基礎數據。 (4)根據地層含氣聲學特征理論,高壓氣層具有泊松比相對較低、體積壓縮系數相對較大、流體壓縮系數遠遠大于非氣層的巖石力學特征,利用縱橫波時差曲線和密度曲線準確計算對氣層敏感的巖石力學參數,以試氣結果為參照標準,采用兩參數交會法分區(qū)、分層位建立氣層識別圖版,并確定了異常高壓氣層的判釋標準。 (5)灰色關聯(lián)分析法綜合考慮了能夠反映氣層響應特征的多種參數,具有直觀、便捷的優(yōu)點。分別采用巖石力學參數和測井四參數、六參數的灰色關聯(lián)法建立工區(qū)儲層含流體類型識別的中心模式,并識別工區(qū)關鍵井儲層含流體類型,巖石力學參數灰色關聯(lián)法的識別符合率最高。 (6)結合工區(qū)的鉆井和錄井資料可以及時有效地識別各井的異常高壓氣層,高壓氣層有其相應的鉆井技術對策,應盡可能避免在鉆進高壓氣層過程中發(fā)生井涌、井噴等復雜事故。 基于上述一系列方法與模型,形成了一套適合于龍女寺構造工區(qū)的復雜巖性分析、巖石力學參數和地層壓力計算及高壓氣層識別的方法與技術,效果良好,可為異常高壓氣層的鉆探和開發(fā)提供決策依據。
[Abstract]:The geological structure of Longnusi gas field in central Sichuan is complicated, the faults and fractures are relatively developed, the lithology of the target layer is mainly carbonate rock, and the variation range of formation pressure coefficient is between 1.0-1.9, which shows obvious abnormal high pressure. In this paper, taking Shaximiao-Dengying formation of Longnusi structure as the main research object, making full use of geological, drilling and logging data, from the point of view of rock mechanics, the prediction of formation pore pressure and the identification of high-pressure gas layers are emphatically carried out. It provides the decision basis for the smooth drilling and high efficiency development of high pressure gas reservoir. The main contents and results of the study are as follows: 1) based on the NCRA method, the lithology analysis of complex strata is carried out, and the stratigraphic lithology profile of the working area is established by combining the core extraction and cuttings logging data. The characteristics of void space structure such as fractures and voids in the target layer are analyzed by using the electrical imaging logging data. This provides a basis for lithology and physical properties for the identification of abnormal high pressure gas formations. 2) the traditional calculation method of formation pore pressure neglects the factors of fluid expansion and structural compression, and reduces the accuracy of formation pressure calculation. The main cause of abnormal high pressure in Longnusi structure is strata unloading, including source rock oil generation and oil cracking gas. In this paper, the improved Eaton method and the effective stress method are used to calculate the formation pore pressure of sand mudstone and carbonate rock, respectively. The calculated results are in agreement with the measured formation pressure. The formation of Da'anzhai-Qiongzhusi formation presents abnormal high pressure. 3) based on the S-wave moveout and P-wave moveout data of key wells in the working area, the formulas for calculating S-wave moveout curves are obtained by regression analysis, and the S-wave moveout curves of wells without array acoustic data can be constructed. It provides important basic data for the calculation of rock mechanics parameters. According to the theory of acoustical characteristics of gas-bearing strata, the high-pressure gas layer has the characteristics of relatively low Poisson's ratio, larger volume compression coefficient, and greater fluid compression coefficient than that of non-gas formation. The sensitive rock mechanics parameters are calculated accurately by using the longitudinal and shear wave moveout curve and density curve. Taking the gas test results as the reference standard, the gas layer identification chart is established by using the two-parameter intersection method. The standard of interpretation of abnormal high pressure gas reservoir is determined. 5) the grey relational analysis method synthetically considers many parameters which can reflect the characteristics of gas reservoir response, and has the advantages of intuitionistic and convenient. The grey correlation method with four parameters of rock mechanics, four parameters of logging and six parameters is used to establish the central pattern of reservoir fluid type identification, and to identify the fluid type of key well reservoir in the working area. The recognition coincidence rate of grey correlation method for rock mechanics parameters is the highest. 6) combined with the drilling and logging data in the working area, the abnormal high pressure gas formation of each well can be identified in time and effectively. The high pressure gas formation has its corresponding drilling technical countermeasures, and the complex accidents such as well bore and well blowout should be avoided as far as possible during the drilling of the high pressure gas reservoir. Based on the above methods and models, a set of methods and techniques suitable for complex lithology analysis, calculation of rock mechanics parameters and formation pressure, and identification of high pressure gas layers in Longnusi structural area have been developed, and the results are satisfactory. It can provide decision basis for drilling and development of abnormal high pressure gas reservoir.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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本文編號：1986698