本文選題：生活源污染質(zhì) + 粉質(zhì)黏土�。� 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：生活污水和垃圾滲濾液在土體入滲的過程中,既存在物理滲流作用,又存在污染質(zhì)與土體顆粒間的化學作用,對土體產(chǎn)生滲流、化學方面的侵蝕,導(dǎo)致土體的水理力學性質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生重大變化。本文以粉質(zhì)黏土為研究對象,選取對土體性質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)影響最為顯著的CH_3COOH和Ca-CO_3為切入點,試驗研究了粉質(zhì)黏土的滲透性、抗剪強度、壓縮性和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)隨滲流壓力、軸向壓力、滲流深度以及污染質(zhì)濃度的變化規(guī)律,并對生活源污染質(zhì)滲流-化學協(xié)同作用影響粉質(zhì)黏土水理力學性質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)律與機理進行了闡釋。研究表明:(1)生活源污染質(zhì)不同降解階段的主要有機和無機產(chǎn)物是CH_3COO~-和CO_3~(2-),并因此選定CH_3COOH和Ca-CO_3為本文研究的生活源污染質(zhì)成分。(2)蒸餾水、CH_3COOH和Ca-CO_3污染液(Ca Cl_2與Na_2CO_3混合溶液)三組流體在粉質(zhì)黏土滲流過程中,滲流壓力和軸向壓力對土體力學性質(zhì)的作用效果相似,表現(xiàn)為滲流壓力與粉質(zhì)黏土的滲透性和壓縮性正相關(guān),與抗剪強度負相關(guān),軸向壓力與粉質(zhì)黏土的滲透系數(shù)、壓縮系數(shù)負相關(guān),與抗剪強度正相關(guān);就滲流深度而言,蒸餾水作用下土體的滲透性、抗剪強度和壓縮性基本不隨滲流深度而變化,CH_3COOH污染液作用下深度與滲透性負相關(guān),與抗剪強度和壓縮性正相關(guān),Ca-CO_3污染液作用下深度與滲透性和壓縮性負相關(guān),與抗剪強度正相關(guān);對于濃度而言,CH_3COOH污染液滲流下,CH_3COOH濃度與土體滲透性正相關(guān),與抗剪強度和壓縮性負相關(guān),而Ca-CO_3污染液滲流下Ca-CO_3濃度與土體滲透性和壓縮性負相關(guān),與抗剪強度正相關(guān)。(3)滲流作用使粉質(zhì)黏土的滲透性和壓縮性提高,抗剪強度降低;CH_3COOH的化學作用使粉質(zhì)黏土的滲透性提高,使抗剪強度和壓縮性降低;Ca-CO_3的化學作用使粉質(zhì)黏土的滲透性和壓縮性降低,黏聚力增大而內(nèi)摩擦角有所減小。CH_3COOH的化學作用對粉質(zhì)黏土滲透性質(zhì)、力學性質(zhì)的影響效果強于Ca-CO_3。(4)生活源污染質(zhì)的滲流-化學協(xié)同作用表現(xiàn)出空間分布的階段性和影響工程地質(zhì)性質(zhì)參數(shù)的復(fù)雜性等特征。在滲流深度較低的階段,生活源污染質(zhì)對土體的作用主要體現(xiàn)為CH_3COOH的化學作用,使土體滲透性提高,抗剪強度和壓縮性降低;在高滲流深度階段,生活源污染質(zhì)的作用主要表現(xiàn)為生活源污染質(zhì)的降解物質(zhì)與土體反應(yīng)生成沉淀物質(zhì)的化學作用,使土體滲透性和壓縮性降低,黏聚力提高。Ca-CO_3污染液對粉質(zhì)黏土黏聚力和內(nèi)摩擦角的滲流-化學協(xié)同作用規(guī)律并不一致,體現(xiàn)了生活源污染質(zhì)滲流-化學協(xié)同作用的復(fù)雜性。(5)滲流作用和CH_3COOH的化學作用增強了土體的孔隙發(fā)育程度,使土體孔隙總面積、孔隙平均面積、孔隙度和孔隙比等參數(shù)顯著增大,分形維數(shù)減小。在滲流深度較低的范圍內(nèi),CH_3COOH的化學作用對土體微觀結(jié)構(gòu)起主導(dǎo)作用,并隨著深度的增加逐漸減弱。Ca-CO_3污染液對粉質(zhì)黏土微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的滲流-化學協(xié)同作用規(guī)律與CH_3COOH相反。(6)滲流作用影響土體性質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)的機制是通過滲透壓力改變土體孔隙分布,CH_3COOH則是通過改變顆粒吸附電荷平衡、溶解、腐蝕大量黏土礦物影響土體性質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),而Ca-CO_3是通過生成碳酸鹽沉淀填充孔隙對土體性質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生影響。生活源污染質(zhì)滲流-化學協(xié)同作用在深度上的作用機制是,低深度階段,污染液滲流力改變土體孔徑和孔隙的作用較大,同時CH_3COOH對土體的化學作用也顯現(xiàn)。隨著污染液滲流深度的增大,CH_3COOH的降解和發(fā)酵產(chǎn)物發(fā)揮作用,表現(xiàn)為Ca-CO_3對土體的化學作用。
[Abstract]:In the process of soil infiltration of domestic sewage and landfill leachate, there are both physical percolation and chemical action between pollutants and soil particles. The seepage of soil and chemical erosion have resulted in great changes in the mechanical properties and structure of soil. This paper takes the clay as the research object and selects the soil properties. CH_3COOH and Ca-CO_3, which have the most significant influence on the quality structure, have been tested to study the permeability, shear strength, compressibility and microstructure of the clay with percolation pressure, axial pressure, percolation depth and concentration of contaminants, and the effect of chemical synergism on the pollution of living sources and the effect of chemical synergism on the mechanical properties of silty clay. The law and mechanism of the quality and structure were explained. The study showed that: (1) the main organic and inorganic products of different degradation stages of the source of life pollution were CH_3COO~- and CO_3~ (2-), and CH_3COOH and Ca-CO_3 were selected as the sources of pollution in this paper. (2) distilled water, CH_3COOH and Ca-CO_3 contamination solution (mixed solution of Ca Cl_2 and Na_2CO_3) During the percolation process of the three groups of fluid, the effect of the seepage pressure and the axial pressure on the mechanical properties of the soil is similar, which shows that the seepage pressure is positively related to the permeability and compressibility of the silty clay, and is negatively correlated with the shear strength. The axial pressure is negatively correlated with the permeability coefficient of the silty clay and the compression coefficient, and is positive with the shear strength. As far as seepage depth is concerned, the permeability, shear strength and compressibility of soil under the action of distilled water do not change with the depth of seepage. The depth of CH_3COOH contamination is negatively correlated with permeability, and is positively related to shear strength and compressibility. The depth of Ca-CO_3 contamination is negatively correlated with permeability and compressibility, and positive phase of shear strength. For the concentration of CH_3COOH, the concentration of CH_3COOH is positively related to the permeability of soil, which is negatively related to the shear strength and compressibility, while the Ca-CO_3 concentration under the percolation of Ca-CO_3 is negatively related to the permeability and compressibility of the soil, and is positively related to the shear strength. (3) the permeability and compressibility of the silt clay are improved by percolation. The shear strength is reduced, and the chemical action of CH_3COOH makes the permeability and compressibility of the silty clay lower, the chemical action of Ca-CO_3 reduces the permeability and compressibility of the silty clay, the cohesiveness increases and the internal friction angle decreases with the.CH_3COOH, which has a strong effect on the mechanical properties of the silty clay. The percolation chemical synergistic effect of the Ca-CO_3. (4) source of pollution shows the characteristics of the spatial distribution and the complexity of the engineering geological parameters. In the stage of low seepage depth, the effect of the source of pollution on the soil is mainly reflected by the chemical action of CH_3COOH, which makes the soil permeability, shear strength and pressure. In the stage of high seepage depth, the effect of pollution in the source of life is mainly the chemical action of the degradation substance of the source of pollution and the reaction of the soil to the sediment, which reduces the permeability and compressibility of the soil, and the cohesiveness enhances the percolation chemical synergy of the cohescohesion and the internal friction angle of the.Ca-CO_3 contamination solution to the silt clay. The regularity is not consistent, which embodies the complexity of the chemical synergism of the pollution of the source of life. (5) the pore development of the soil is enhanced by the seepage action and the chemical action of CH_3COOH, which makes the total pore area, the pore average area, the porosity and the porosity ratio significantly increase, the fractal dimension decreases and the range of the seepage depth is low. The chemical action of CH_3COOH plays a leading role in the microstructure of soil. With the increase of depth, the seepage chemical synergistic action of.Ca-CO_3 contaminant on the microstructure of silty clay is opposite to that of CH_3COOH. (6) the mechanism of the effect of seepage effect on soil properties and structure is to change the pore distribution of soil through the permeation pressure, CH_3CO OH is by changing particles to adsorb charge balance, dissolving and corroding a large number of clay minerals to influence the soil properties, while Ca-CO_3 is an effect on the structure of soil by the formation of pores filled with carbonate precipitation. The effect of the pore size and pore size of the soil is larger, and the chemical effect of CH_3COOH on the soil is also apparent. With the increase of the seepage depth of the polluted liquid, the degradation of CH_3COOH and the fermentation product play a role, which is the chemical effect of Ca-CO_3 on the soil.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU43

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