本文選題：聲波測井 + 無線通信　； 參考：《湘潭大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：聲波測井是各類地球物理測井中發(fā)展最快和應用最廣泛的技術(shù)之一。該技術(shù)利用聲波的速度、幅度在不同介質(zhì)中傳播時的全波記錄,得出相應的地質(zhì)特征,以便于研究和解決地質(zhì)問題,進而發(fā)現(xiàn)油氣、煤、金屬與非金屬、放射性、地下水等礦產(chǎn)資源。聲波測井技術(shù)是一種重要的資源勘探手段,并隨著科學技術(shù)的進步,逐漸衍生到其他相關(guān)領(lǐng)域,如大型結(jié)構(gòu)橋梁、建筑物等的樁基檢測及煤礦、金屬物等礦采資源勘探等領(lǐng)域。傳統(tǒng)的聲波測井需手動測量井下的具體位置,并采用有線進行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,通過對聲波信號的分析,從而得出這些位置的地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu),此方法操作不便,特別在巖層較深且測量點位密集的情況下,測得的數(shù)據(jù)不僅存在較大的誤差,而且需花費大量時間和精力。為解決傳統(tǒng)儀器存在的問題,本文研制了基于ARM Cortex-M3內(nèi)核的無線智能聲波測井系統(tǒng),主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:(1)研制了無線自動測位裝置。以低功耗STC89C52微處理器及E50-TTL-100無線通信模塊為核心對裝置進行了硬件設(shè)計和軟件編程。使聲波測井換能器在井下移動的過程中,自動測位裝置采集編碼器產(chǎn)生的位移脈沖,通過一定的換算,把脈沖信號轉(zhuǎn)換為實際的位移信號,并通過無線串口傳輸進行數(shù)據(jù)通信,實現(xiàn)了井下采集點位置信息的精確測量。模塊性能測試表明,誤差控制在1%以內(nèi),顯示出良好的位移測量效果。(2)研制了無線聲波采集模塊。以高速STM32微處理器及nRF24L01無線模塊為核心對模塊進行了硬件設(shè)計和軟件編程。模塊通過利用微控制單元(MCU)自帶的兩路12位模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器,對換能器兩接收通道聲波信號進行采集,并采用無線進行數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā),減少現(xiàn)場布線帶來的麻煩,從而實現(xiàn)了無線聲波測井系統(tǒng)的高精度采集過程。模塊性能測試表明,最高采樣率可達1MHz。(3)開發(fā)了基于LabVIEW虛擬儀器的系統(tǒng)配套應用軟件。軟件包括聲波數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊及聲波數(shù)據(jù)分析處理模塊兩部分。數(shù)據(jù)采集部分程序功能:系統(tǒng)根據(jù)無線自動測位裝置實時提供的井下位置信息,設(shè)置相應的采集參數(shù),實現(xiàn)儀器的自動采集。數(shù)據(jù)分析處理部分功能:設(shè)計合理的聲波分析方法,實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析與采集過程的一體化過程,從而快速、準確的對被測物體的質(zhì)量進行分析。本文研究的無線智能聲波測井系統(tǒng)解決了傳統(tǒng)儀器的不足,提高了測井工作效率,具有較廣的應用前景。
[Abstract]:Acoustic logging is one of the most developed and widely used geophysical logging techniques. This technique utilizes the velocity of sound wave and the full wave record of amplitude propagating in different media to obtain the corresponding geological characteristics so as to facilitate the study and solution of geological problems, and then to find oil and gas, coal, metals and non-metallic, radioactive. Groundwater and other mineral resources. Acoustic logging technology is an important means of resource exploration, and with the progress of science and technology, it is gradually extended to other related fields, such as large structural bridges, buildings and other fields of pile foundation detection, coal mine, metal and other mining resources exploration. The traditional acoustic logging needs to measure the specific location of the well manually and transmit the data by wire. By analyzing the acoustic signal, the geological structure of these positions is obtained, and the operation of this method is inconvenient. Especially in the case of deep strata and dense measuring points, the measured data not only has a large error, but also takes a lot of time and energy. In order to solve the problems existing in traditional instruments, a wireless intelligent acoustic logging system based on ARM Cortex-M3 kernel is developed in this paper. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) the wireless automatic position measuring device is developed. Based on low power STC89C52 microprocessor and E50-TTL-100 wireless communication module, hardware design and software programming are carried out. In the process of the acoustic logging transducer moving downhole, the automatic position measuring device collects the displacement pulse generated by the encoder. Through certain conversion, the pulse signal is converted into the actual displacement signal, and the data communication is carried out through the wireless serial port transmission. The accurate measurement of the position information of the downhole acquisition point is realized. The module performance test shows that the error is controlled within 1% and the displacement measurement effect is good. (2) A wireless acoustic wave acquisition module is developed. The hardware design and software programming of high-speed STM32 microprocessor and nRF24L01 wireless module are carried out. By using two 12-bit A / D converters with MCU, the module collects the acoustic signals of the two receiving channels of the transducer, and uses wireless data transceiver to reduce the trouble caused by the field wiring. Thus, the high precision acquisition process of wireless acoustic logging system is realized. The module performance test shows that the highest sampling rate can reach 1 MHz. 3) the system application software based on LabVIEW virtual instrument is developed. The software includes two parts: acoustic data acquisition module and acoustic data analysis and processing module. Part of the program function of data acquisition: according to the real-time position information provided by the wireless automatic position measuring device, the system sets the corresponding acquisition parameters to realize the automatic acquisition of the instrument. Part of the functions of data analysis and processing: design a reasonable sound wave analysis method to realize the integration of data analysis and acquisition process, so as to analyze the quality of the object under test quickly and accurately. The wireless intelligent acoustic logging system studied in this paper solves the shortcomings of traditional instruments and improves the logging efficiency and has a wide application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.81

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