本文選題：軟玉 + 次生礦物　； 參考：《石家莊經濟學院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：軟玉作為一種中華民族文化傳承的媒介被流傳千年。軟玉開發(fā)利用悠久的歷史伴隨著整個華夏民族的發(fā)展歷程。軟玉根據產狀的不同被分為子料、山料、山流水,因經過漫長的次生作用過程,子料(主要是其皮殼部位)的礦物成分及其結構特征往往會發(fā)生一定程度的變化,給人感覺變得更細膩,且皮殼的顏色豐富,利用巧雕能使其更具藝術價值,所以帶皮子料往往更受到人們的喜愛。但是對于子料真假的鑒別還未能有一套理論用于指導實踐,對于軟玉的次生變化及次生礦物的研究尤其薄弱。本文針對這個問題選取了大量相關的軟玉樣品,主要對其次生礦物進行系統(tǒng)的研究,對軟玉的研究工作進行完善和補充。本文首先通過對大量軟玉樣品進行手標本的肉眼觀察及顯微觀察,分別對軟玉山料、子料及染色子料的外觀特點進行總結和對比。然后選取特點鮮明的樣品做薄片進行偏光鏡下的觀察,對次生礦物的結構和存在形式做了研究,發(fā)現次生交代主要發(fā)生于表皮、裂隙及微裂隙附近,以及礦物顆粒結合不夠緊密的部分。裂隙、微裂隙為次生交代提供了通道。次生礦物集合體形態(tài)常表現為沿裂隙的脈狀、分散狀或保留原礦物的假象。利用多種現代測試技術如紅外光譜、X射線粉晶衍射、拉曼光譜和電子探針等,對發(fā)現的次生礦物進行礦物成分的測試分析,發(fā)現軟玉石礓中被交代礦物為透輝石,交代礦物透閃石形成時間晚于軟玉主體(以透閃石為主,含有透輝石等)的形成,且質地松散,也是一種次生礦物且存在較為普遍,山料子料中均可出現;子料的皮殼和及其附近存在葉蛇紋石、綠泥石、滑石、方解石等次生礦物。葉蛇紋石、綠泥石、滑石等次生礦物組合出現,是軟玉子料的標型礦物組合。
[Abstract]:Nephrite as a medium for the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation has been circulated for thousands of years.The long history of development and utilization of nephrite is accompanied by the development of the whole Chinese nation.According to the occurrence of nephrite, it is divided into sub-material, mountain material and mountain flowing water. As a result of the long secondary process, the mineral composition and structural characteristics of the sub-material (mainly the part of its crust) often change to a certain extent.It makes people feel more delicate, and the color of the skin shell is rich, the use of artistry can make it more artistic value, so leather materials are often more popular.However, there is not a set of theory to guide the practice, especially for the secondary change of nephrite and the study of secondary minerals.In this paper, a large number of related samples of nephrite were selected, and the secondary minerals were studied systematically, and the research work of nephrite was improved and supplemented.In this paper, through the naked and microscopic observation of hand samples of a large number of nephrite samples, the appearance characteristics of nephrite material, sub-material and dyed sub-material were summarized and compared respectively.The structure and the existing form of secondary minerals are studied. It is found that the secondary metasomatism mainly occurs near the epidermis, cracks and microcracks, and the secondary metasomatism occurs mainly near the epidermis, fissures and microcracks, and the secondary metasomatism occurs mainly near the epidermis, cracks and microcracks.And mineral particles that are not tightly bound.Fissures, microcracks provide a channel for secondary metasomatism.The morphology of secondary mineral aggregates is often shown as veins along the fissure, dispersion or false retention of the original minerals.By using a variety of modern testing techniques such as infrared spectrum X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectrum and electron probe, the mineral composition of the discovered secondary mineral was tested and analyzed. It was found that the metasomorphic mineral in the soft jade was diopside.The metasomatic mineral tremolite was formed later than the main body of nephrite (mainly tremolite, containing diopside and so on), and its texture is loose.There are secondary minerals such as serpentine, chlorite, talc, calcite and so on.The secondary mineral assemblages of serpentine, chlorite and talc are the standard mineral assemblage of nephrite.
【學位授予單位】：石家莊經濟學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.281

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