本文選題：飛機(jī)磁干擾建模　切入點(diǎn)：磁補(bǔ)償算法　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在航空磁異常探測(cè)中,飛機(jī)本身硬磁材料產(chǎn)生的固有磁場(chǎng)、軟磁材料磁化產(chǎn)生的感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)以及飛機(jī)切割地磁場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生的渦流磁場(chǎng),都會(huì)對(duì)磁力儀的測(cè)量產(chǎn)生干擾。要探測(cè)的目標(biāo)在飛機(jī)飛行高度處所產(chǎn)生的信號(hào)磁場(chǎng)可能比飛機(jī)產(chǎn)生的干擾磁場(chǎng)小很多,因此對(duì)飛機(jī)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行磁干擾補(bǔ)償是航空磁探測(cè)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。本文提出的補(bǔ)償算法是基于標(biāo)量磁力儀測(cè)量的總磁場(chǎng)和矢量磁力儀測(cè)量的地磁場(chǎng)方向,是一種軟補(bǔ)償方法。首先,通過分析飛機(jī)產(chǎn)生的各種磁干擾類型和特性,建立了干擾磁場(chǎng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,并對(duì)特征干擾函數(shù)之間的復(fù)共線性進(jìn)行了分析。為了獲得求解補(bǔ)償系數(shù)所需要的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),設(shè)定了校準(zhǔn)飛行路線,一般是一個(gè)沿順時(shí)針方向飛行的四邊形,飛機(jī)在四邊形的每條邊上飛行時(shí),依次做搖擺、俯仰和偏航三組機(jī)動(dòng)性動(dòng)作,標(biāo)量和矢量磁力儀同步采集數(shù)據(jù)。然后,提出了利用加權(quán)匹配法和嶺估計(jì)技術(shù)求解補(bǔ)償系數(shù)的算法,當(dāng)加權(quán)函數(shù)選取為特征干擾函數(shù)時(shí)就是傳統(tǒng)的最小二乘法或迦遼金法,而嶺估計(jì)技術(shù)一般可以獲得比最小二乘法更好的結(jié)果。進(jìn)一步,提出了一種先對(duì)總場(chǎng)和特征干擾函數(shù)進(jìn)行濾波處理,再同時(shí)求解補(bǔ)償系數(shù)和背景磁場(chǎng)的循環(huán)迭代算法。大量仿真表明,這些算法可以獲得較好的補(bǔ)償效果最后,開展了大量的外場(chǎng)半實(shí)物仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),利用所獲得的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了補(bǔ)償算法的可靠性和實(shí)用性,補(bǔ)償后的品質(zhì)因數(shù)一般能達(dá)到100pT以下的水平,可滿足一般的工程要求。論文闡述的磁補(bǔ)償數(shù)學(xué)建模、補(bǔ)償系數(shù)求解算法以及外場(chǎng)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)方法和結(jié)論,對(duì)下一步開展實(shí)際的飛機(jī)平臺(tái)磁干擾補(bǔ)償試驗(yàn)有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In aeromagnetic anomaly detection, the inherent magnetic field produced by the hard magnetic material of the aircraft itself, the inductive magnetic field caused by the magnetization of the soft magnetic material and the eddy current magnetic field caused by the plane's cutting geomagnetic field, Will interfere with the measurements of the magnetometer. The signal magnetic field generated by the target at the altitude of the plane may be much smaller than the magnetic field generated by the aircraft. Therefore, compensation for magnetic interference on aircraft platform is one of the key technologies in aeromagnetic detection. The compensation algorithm proposed in this paper is based on the total magnetic field measured by scalar magnetometer and the direction of geomagnetic field measured by vector magnetometer. It is a soft compensation method. Firstly, by analyzing the types and characteristics of various magnetic disturbances produced by aircraft, a mathematical model of interference magnetic field is established. The complex collinearity between the characteristic interference functions is analyzed. In order to obtain the measured data needed to solve the compensation coefficient, a calibrated flight path is set up, which is generally a quadrilateral flying clockwise. As the plane flies on each side of the quadrilateral, it does three sets of maneuvering actions in turn: swing, pitch and yaw. Scalar and vector magnetometers synchronize data collection. Then, This paper presents an algorithm for calculating compensation coefficients by using weighted matching method and ridge estimation technique. When the weighted function is selected as the characteristic interference function, it is the traditional least square method or Galerkin method. The ridge estimation technique can generally obtain better results than the least square method. Furthermore, a new method for filtering the total field and the characteristic interference function is proposed. A large number of simulations show that these algorithms can obtain better compensation effect. Finally, a large number of hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiments are carried out. The reliability and practicability of the compensation algorithm are verified by the experimental data obtained. The quality factor after compensation can generally reach the level of 100pT, which can meet the general engineering requirements. The algorithm of calculating compensation coefficient and the method and conclusion of field simulation experiment can be used to guide the practical test of magnetic interference compensation for aircraft platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P631.222

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 伍東凌;陳正想;王秀;;基于遺傳算法的磁干擾補(bǔ)償方法[J];探測(cè)與控制學(xué)報(bào);2012年06期

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本文編號(hào)：1658029