本文選題：杭州灣　切入點(diǎn)：潮間帶　出處：《沉積學(xué)報(bào)》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：杭州灣庵東濱岸潮間帶軟底質(zhì)沉積中發(fā)現(xiàn)的造跡動(dòng)物有泥螺、珠帶擬蟹守螺、彈涂魚(yú)、寧波泥蟹、沙蠶、竹蟶、虹光亮櫻蛤、�？约傍B(niǎo)類和植物等,包括軟體動(dòng)物、節(jié)肢動(dòng)物、環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物、脊索動(dòng)物、腔腸動(dòng)物等5個(gè)動(dòng)物門類,共計(jì)8屬,營(yíng)造的生物遺跡主要有運(yùn)動(dòng)跡(爬跡、拖跡、足轍跡)、居住跡、覓食跡(進(jìn)食跡)、生殖跡、停息跡、排泄跡、逃逸跡以及鳥(niǎo)類足跡和植物根跡等。分析表明潮間帶不同的沉積環(huán)境,造跡生物及其遺跡的主要類型、空間分布、豐度、多樣性具有明顯的差異。1)研究區(qū)潮間帶不同的沉積環(huán)境,造跡生物種類與分布不同,其遺跡的主要類型和分布特征具有明顯的差異性,高潮區(qū)沉積物主要是富含有機(jī)質(zhì)的砂質(zhì)泥,生物遺跡包括珠帶擬蟹守螺拖跡、停息跡和生殖跡,泥螺拖跡和停息跡,寧波泥蟹的覓食跡、居住跡和足轍跡,沙蠶的拖跡、覓食跡、居住跡和排泄跡,彈涂魚(yú)的爬行跡和居住跡,以及鳥(niǎo)類足跡和植物根跡,其中層面遺跡以珠帶擬蟹守螺的拖跡、沙蠶拖跡和覓食跡豐度最高,層內(nèi)遺跡以沙蠶居住潛穴豐度最高,分布面積最廣,擾動(dòng)程度強(qiáng)烈,寧波泥蟹居住潛穴局部密集,擾動(dòng)程度強(qiáng)烈,植物根跡密集,深度可達(dá)50~60 cm,這些生物遺跡常與平行直脊波痕和干涉波痕共生。中潮區(qū)沉積物主要由灰色粉砂和含砂粉砂構(gòu)成,含水率較高,植被較稀疏。中潮區(qū)平坦的潮坪上生物遺跡主要由虹光亮櫻蛤的居住潛穴和竹蟶的居住潛穴和攝食跡組成,豐度較高,具有少量泥螺拖跡以及植物根跡和鳥(niǎo)足跡。在中潮區(qū)潮溝兩側(cè),沉積物顆粒較細(xì),常見(jiàn)珠帶擬蟹守螺的拖跡,寧波泥蟹的居住潛穴、足轍跡,彈涂魚(yú)的爬跡。中潮區(qū)潮坪上多發(fā)育舌型波痕,生物遺跡多與舌型波痕共生。低潮區(qū)沉積物主要是灰色粉砂和粉砂質(zhì)砂,含水率高,多為湯底,無(wú)植被,常見(jiàn)遺跡主要是虹光亮櫻蛤的居住潛穴,竹蟶的居住潛穴以及少量�？幼撗�。2)沉積物的粒度、含水率影響遺跡的清晰度;3)由于受潮水、波浪運(yùn)動(dòng)的沖刷作用,沉積物表面的遺跡易被破壞,保存率極低,底內(nèi)動(dòng)物的居住潛穴保存率相對(duì)較高。該研究不僅為杭州灣潮間帶沉積環(huán)境研究提供了新的現(xiàn)代生物遺跡信息,而且也可為古代強(qiáng)潮河口灣潮間帶沉積環(huán)境中的古遺跡學(xué)研究提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:The trace animals found in the soft sediments of the intertidal zone along the east coast of Hangzhou Bay include mud snails, bead crabs, snails, marsupials, Ningbo mud crabs, silkworms, razor clams, bright cherry clams, sea anemones, birds and plants, including mollusks. Arthropods, annelids, chordates, coelenterates, etc., belonging to 8 genera. The living remains are mainly composed of movement tracks (crawling tracks, drag tracks, foot rutting tracks), residential tracks, foraging tracks (feeding tracks, reproductive tracks, rest tracks, etc.). Excretory tract, escape trace, bird footprint and plant root trace, etc. Analysis shows that the main types, spatial distribution, abundance of trace organisms and their remains in the intertidal zone are different from each other. Diversity has obvious difference. 1) the main types and distribution of trace organisms are different in different sedimentary environments of intertidal zone in the study area, and the main types and distribution characteristics of trace organisms are obviously different. The sediments in the climax area are mainly sandy mud rich in organic matter. The biological relics include the snail tracts of the bead like crab, the rest track and the reproductive track, the mud snail trailing track and the rest track, the feeding track of Ningbo mud crab, the dwelling track and the rutting track, and the drag track of the silkworm. Foraging, habitation and excretion, crawling and habitation of marsupials, and trace of birds and plant roots, of which the trace on the layer is the towing track of the bead crab-like snail, and the highest abundance of the tracts and foraging tracks of the silkworm, silkworm, silkworm, and silkworm. In the layer, silkworm has the highest abundance, the most widely distributed area, strong disturbance degree, local density, strong disturbance degree, dense plant root trace, the local density, the disturbance degree is strong, the plant root trace is dense, and the local density, the disturbance degree is strong, the plant root trace is dense. The depth can reach 50 ~ 60 cm. These biological relics are often symbiotic with parallel straight ridge ripples and interference ripples. The sediments in the middle tide zone are mainly composed of gray silt and sandy silt, and the water content is relatively high. The vegetation is relatively sparse. The flattened tidal flat living remains in the middle tide area are mainly composed of the living subterranean and the living dipping and feeding traces of the clam, and the abundance is relatively high. There are a small number of mud snail tracts, plant root traces and bird footprints. On both sides of the tidal trench in the middle tide area, the sediment particles are fine, the common pearl belt crab keeps the snail trailing track, the Ningbo mud crab inhabit the cave, and the foot rut is found. The creeping track of Elastic smear fish. Tongue type ripples are developed on the tidal flat in the middle tide area, and the bioremediation is symbiotic with the tongue ripple mark. The sediments in the low tide area are mainly gray silt and silty sand, with high moisture content, most of which are the bottom of the soup, without vegetation. The common remains are mainly the residential subterranean, the residential burrow of the clam, and the particle size of the sediment of a small amount of sea anemone. The moisture content affects the clarity of the relic. 3) because of the tidal water, the wave movement scour the remains. The sediment surface remains are easy to be destroyed, the preservation rate is very low, and the storage rate of subsurface animals is relatively high. This study not only provides new information for the study of sedimentary environment in the intertidal zone of Hangzhou Bay, but also provides new information for the study of modern biological relics. It can also be used for reference in the study of paleoclimatology in the intertidal sedimentary environment of the ancient strong tidal estuary.
【作者單位】： 河南理工大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;河南省生物遺跡與成礦過(guò)程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41272117,41102002) 海洋地質(zhì)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)放基金資助項(xiàng)目(MGK1409)~~
【分類號(hào)】：P512.2;Q91

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