本文選題：陽(yáng)山金礦　切入點(diǎn)：化學(xué)相態(tài)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：陽(yáng)山金礦，地處川陜甘交界的特大類卡林型金礦，既具有卡林型金礦的典型特征，也具備造山型金礦的顯著特點(diǎn)。本文在野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查基礎(chǔ)上，利用現(xiàn)代分析測(cè)試技術(shù)，對(duì)區(qū)內(nèi)與成礦作用有關(guān)的地質(zhì)體（巖石、礦石）元素豐度特征、元素組合特征和成礦元素化學(xué)相態(tài)分布特征進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究，建立起新的地球化學(xué)找礦標(biāo)志，為開展典型礦區(qū)深部及外圍盲礦體地球化學(xué)探測(cè)提供依據(jù)。 對(duì)區(qū)域巖石進(jìn)行主量元素和微量元素分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)區(qū)域巖石中顯著富集Pb、As、Bi、Sb、W、Au和CaO，極度貧化Cr、Mn、Na2O、MgO和SiO2；泥盆系是最富集微量元素的層位，其Au、Sb、As、Bi、W分異程度高，富集系數(shù)大，出現(xiàn)明顯的預(yù)富集，泥盆系可能是礦源層；以富集系數(shù)大于1.5作為劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)合區(qū)域巖石因子分析結(jié)果確定Au、Sb、As、Bi、W是區(qū)域巖石典型的微量元素組合。 對(duì)礦區(qū)礦石和圍巖進(jìn)行微量元素分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)Au、As、Sb、Bi、W、Hg在陽(yáng)山金礦床內(nèi)強(qiáng)烈富集，極度分異，其中Au富集系數(shù)1579.27，變異系數(shù)3.08，具有很好的成礦潛力；與三河口組圍巖相比，各種類礦石中，Au、As、Sb、Hg含量都明顯偏高，其中石英脈型礦石金平均含量最高，為23.13×10-6。其次是蝕變花崗斑巖型礦石，其金含量為8.48×10-6，Mn、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd等元素含量則與三河口組地層無(wú)明顯差別；礦石含量特征和元素聚類分析結(jié)果顯示Au、As、Sb、Bi、Hg、W是陽(yáng)山金礦區(qū)成礦元素組合。 對(duì)區(qū)域水系沉積物中的金進(jìn)行化學(xué)相態(tài)分析，結(jié)果顯示：水系沉積物中金以水溶態(tài)、離子交換態(tài)、碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、有機(jī)質(zhì)結(jié)合態(tài)、鐵錳氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)、游離態(tài)、硫化物結(jié)合態(tài)、殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)這8種相態(tài)存在。其中，游離態(tài)是金最主要的化學(xué)相態(tài)。主要賦礦的泥盆系三河口組和石炭系地層水系沉積物中游離態(tài)所占比例（67.42%，43.61%）明顯高于其他層位（1.40%～31.03%）。根據(jù)不同地層水系沉積物中金相態(tài)分布差異，可以縮小成礦靶區(qū)，，確定與該區(qū)成礦作用關(guān)系密切的地層 對(duì)礦區(qū)隱伏礦體上方典型土壤剖面中的金進(jìn)行化學(xué)相態(tài)分析，結(jié)果顯示：與水系沉積物類似，土壤中金的8種相態(tài)均可檢出，游離態(tài)是礦區(qū)土壤中金最主要的化學(xué)相態(tài)，其次為硫化物結(jié)合態(tài)。游離態(tài)金在全量金中所占比例的極大值點(diǎn)，或活動(dòng)態(tài)金在全量金中所占比例的極小值點(diǎn)與深部金礦體的位置相吻合。可以利用游離態(tài)金所占比例的高值點(diǎn)（活動(dòng)態(tài)金所占百分比的低值點(diǎn)）與金礦體的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系可以指導(dǎo)地球化學(xué)找礦。 對(duì)礦區(qū)巖石中的金進(jìn)行化學(xué)相態(tài)分析，結(jié)果顯示：地層巖石和巖體巖石金的化學(xué)相態(tài)特征與區(qū)內(nèi)礦石金的化學(xué)相態(tài)特征存在著顯著不同：硫化物態(tài)在礦石中占49.27%，在巖體中占40.54%，在地層巖石中占20.51%；成礦可利用相態(tài)（游離態(tài)、碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、水溶態(tài)和硫化物態(tài)）在巖體中占68.86%，在礦石中占65.24%，在地層巖石中占38.89%；不同類型礦石中金相態(tài)分布存在差異，但是其硫化物態(tài)和成礦可利用相態(tài)所占比例均很高，分別在47.33%～50.36%，51.71%～86.03%。利用上述巖石，礦石中金的相態(tài)分布特征，可探討各類典型礦石的形成地質(zhì)作用過程，確定與礦區(qū)成礦作用關(guān)系密切的地質(zhì)體，從而建立起典型礦集區(qū)地球化學(xué)找礦標(biāo)志，為開展典型礦集區(qū)大型礦床深部及外圍盲礦體地球化學(xué)探測(cè)提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Yangshan gold deposit, located in large class of Shaanxi Gansu Sichuan at the junction of the Carlin type gold deposit, which has typical features of Carlin type gold deposit, also have the remarkable characteristics of orogenic gold deposits. Based on the field geological investigation, using modern analysis and testing technology of geological bodies associated with mineralization in the region (rock, ore) element abundance characteristics of elements assemblage characteristics and metallogenic elements of chemical phase distribution characteristics were studied systematically, establish new geochemical prospecting criteria, to provide evidence for developing typical mining areas in the deep and periphery of blind ore geochemical exploration.
Analysis of major and trace elements of regional rock, rock region found significant enrichment of Pb, As, Bi, Sb, W, Au and CaO, Cr Mn, Na2O extreme dilution, MgO, and SiO2; Devonian is the enrichment of trace elements Au, Sb, horizon, As, Bi. W high degree differentiation, enrichment coefficient, apparent enrichment, Devonian may be the source of ore; the enrichment coefficient is greater than 1.5 as the division standard is determined according to the results of factor analysis of regional rock Au, Sb, As, Bi, W is a combination of trace elements in typical rock areas.
The trace element analysis, Au, As, Sb, Bi, W of ore and rock Hg in Yangshan gold deposit in strong enrichment, extreme difference, the enrichment coefficients of Au 1579.27, the coefficient of variation was 3.08, with the mineralization potential well; compared with group three estuaries surrounding rock, various types of ore. Au, As, Sb, Hg were significantly higher, the quartz vein type ore gold highest average concentration is 23.13 * 10-6. followed by altered granite porphyry ore, the gold content is 8.48 * 10-6, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd elements and three river formation have no obvious difference the results of cluster analysis; ore content features and elements of Au, As, Sb, Bi, Hg, W is the Yangshan gold ore elements.
On the regional stream sediment in gold by chemical phase analysis, results showed that the sediment of gold with water soluble, exchangeable, carbonate bound, organic matter bound, Fe Mn oxides, free, sulfide bound residue, the 8 phase. The free state is gold is the most main chemical phases. The main ore of Devonian and Carboniferous strata group three estuarine sediments in the middle reaches of the state proportion (67.42%, 43.61%) was significantly higher than that of other layers (1.40% ~ 31.03%). According to the phase distribution of different strata sediment gold metallogenic target area can be reduced, identified closely the stratigraphic relationship with the mineralization
The profile of the typical soil in mine concealed ore deposits of gold in chemical phase analysis, results showed that: similar sediments, 8 phases can be detected in the soil, the free state is the main gold mining area soil chemical phase, followed by sulfide bound. The maximum point of free gold in the full amount of gold the proportion of the total activity or state gold in gold in the proportion of the minimum point and deep ore body position coincide. High values can make use of free gold proportion (low value of the percentage of the activity state of gold) and gold body can guide the corresponding relationship geochemical prospecting.
On the rocks of gold in chemical phase analysis, results showed that significantly different chemical phase characteristics and ore zone of gold rock and rock chemistry of gold phase characteristics exist: the sulfide in the ore accounted for 49.27%, accounted for 40.54% in the rock, accounting for 20.51% in the formation of mineralization can be; using phase (free state, carbonate bound, water soluble and sulfide) accounted for 68.86% in the rock, accounting for 65.24% in the ore, accounting for 38.89% in the formation of gold ore; different types of phase distribution are different, but the sulfide mineralization and available phase proportion is very high in 47.33% ~ 50.36%, respectively, 51.71% ~ 86.03%. by the rock, gold in the ore phase distribution characteristics, can investigate the formation of geological processes of various typical ore, determine the geological body and mine mineralization closely, so as to establish a code The geochemical prospecting marks of the type ore gathering area provide the basis for the geochemical exploration of the deep and peripheral blind ore bodies of the typical large ore deposits.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.51

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