【摘要】：電子產(chǎn)業(yè)近年來已發(fā)展成為一個國家科技和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要標志,在電子生產(chǎn)行業(yè)中,SMT占有十分重要的位置。一條完整的SMT產(chǎn)線由多種設備構成,其中貼片機是SMT生產(chǎn)線中最關鍵也最復雜的設備。貼片機是高度集成的光機電一體化裝置,需滿足高速、高精度、高穩(wěn)定性、寬適應性、易維護和高集成化等要求。本文在現(xiàn)有貼片機的基礎上對貼片機的運動控制系統(tǒng)設計、運動控制算法和影響貼片機貼裝效率的問題展開研究。首先,本文設計了“基于PC+MP控制器”的開放式運動控制系統(tǒng)硬件平臺,包括電機驅(qū)動模塊、貼片頭的安全保障模塊等。此硬件平臺具有可移植性、交互操作性、縮放性及可配置性,滿足未來貼片機向模塊化和多功能方面擴展的趨勢要求。其次,本文主要從元器件的貼裝順序優(yōu)化方面來提高貼片機的貼裝效率。在分析貼片頭工作過程的基礎上建立貼裝模型,設計了融入近鄰搜索算法和進化機制思想的改進遺傳算法,并將其應用于貼裝順序優(yōu)化的求解。以4貼片頭的貼片機為例,對比傳統(tǒng)遺傳算法、帶遷徙的差分進化算法和改進遺傳算法在迭代次數(shù)、優(yōu)化路徑上的區(qū)別,實驗結果表明改進后的遺傳算法在貼裝順序優(yōu)化問題上具有可行性。再其次,本文建立了控制系統(tǒng)數(shù)學模型,討論了貼片機對z軸和θ軸的控制要求。通過不同智能控制算法仿真效果的對比,分析了各控制算法在穩(wěn)定性、快速性和軟著陸實現(xiàn)方面的性能。針對傳統(tǒng)算法在實現(xiàn)軟著陸方面的不足,對Z軸采用了基于遺傳算法的P/PI參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換控制算法；針對傳統(tǒng)算法在θ軸控制上的參數(shù)頻繁調(diào)整問題,采用了基于正弦速度曲線的P/PI參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換控制算法,并在Matlab仿真平臺下驗證了算法的可行性和有效性。然后在P/PI參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換控制算法的基礎上,以4貼片頭的貼片機為例,給出了多頭貼片機的z軸和θ軸運動控制流程圖。最后,本文利用Matcom將MFC與Matlab程序相結合,實現(xiàn)了運動控制的友好交互界面。在界面中可根據(jù)提示設置參數(shù),觀察算法對Z軸和θ軸的控制效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the electronic industry has become an important symbol of the development of science, technology and economy in a country. SMT occupies a very important position in the electronic production industry. A complete SMT production line is composed of a variety of equipment, among which placement machine is the most critical and complex equipment in SMT production line. Placement machine is a highly integrated optical mechatronics device, which needs to meet the requirements of high speed, high precision, high stability, wide adaptability, easy maintenance and high integration. On the basis of the existing placement machine, this paper studies the design of the motion control system, the motion control algorithm and the problems that affect the placement efficiency of the placement machine. Firstly, the hardware platform of open motion control system based on PC MP controller is designed, including motor drive module, safety guarantee module of patch head and so on. This hardware platform has portability, interaction, scaling and configuration, which can meet the requirements of modularization and multi-function expansion of placement machine in the future. Secondly, this paper mainly improves the mounting efficiency of the placement machine from the aspect of the optimization of the mounting sequence of the components. On the basis of analyzing the working process of patch head, the mounting model is established, and an improved genetic algorithm which integrates the idea of nearest neighbor search algorithm and evolutionary mechanism is designed and applied to the solution of mount sequence optimization. Taking the placement machine with 4 patch heads as an example, this paper compares the differences between the traditional genetic algorithm, the differential evolution algorithm with migration and the improved genetic algorithm in the number of iterations and the optimization path. The experimental results show that the improved genetic algorithm is feasible in the optimization of mounting sequence. Secondly, the mathematical model of the control system is established, and the control requirements of the z axis and the theta axis of the placement machine are discussed. Through the comparison of the simulation results of different intelligent control algorithms, the performance of each control algorithm in stability, rapidity and soft landing is analyzed. Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional algorithm in realizing soft landing, the P/PI parameter conversion control algorithm based on genetic algorithm is used for Z axis. In order to solve the problem of frequent parameter adjustment of the traditional algorithm in the 胃 axis control, the P/PI parameter conversion control algorithm based on sinusoidal velocity curve is adopted, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified on the Matlab simulation platform. Then, on the basis of P/PI parameter conversion control algorithm, taking the placement machine with 4 patch heads as an example, the flow charts of z axis and theta axis motion control of multi head placement machine are given. Finally, this paper uses Matcom to combine MFC with Matlab program to realize the friendly interactive interface of motion control. In the interface, the parameters can be set according to the prompt, and the control effect of the algorithm on Z axis and theta axis can be observed.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN405

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本文編號：2495246