【摘要】：高功率回旋管因其具有高功率和寬帶寬的優(yōu)勢(shì),在毫米波雷達(dá)和通訊等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景,得到國(guó)內(nèi)外研究人員的重視。隨著應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的不斷發(fā)展,與回旋行波管配套的高功率傳輸器件,也成為了國(guó)內(nèi)外眾多科研人員積極研究的熱點(diǎn)。波導(dǎo)彎頭是微波傳輸系統(tǒng)中的重要器件之一。在高功率傳輸?shù)那闆r下,圓波導(dǎo)彎頭中工作模式與寄生模式之間極易出現(xiàn)相互耦合的現(xiàn)象,而且這種耦合很難通過(guò)變曲率的方式去消除,勢(shì)必會(huì)極大的影響彎頭工作性能。與圓波導(dǎo)相比,在過(guò)模情況下,彎曲矩形波導(dǎo)中的模式之間的耦合更加容易控制,能否利用矩形波導(dǎo)的這一特性實(shí)現(xiàn)波導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)彎的寬頻帶和高效率是本論文關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)技術(shù)問(wèn)題。本論文的主要工作和貢獻(xiàn)如下:1、研究了過(guò)模彎曲矩形波導(dǎo)中的模式耦合問(wèn)題,建立了相應(yīng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并對(duì)矩形波導(dǎo)中各模式之間的耦合系數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的推導(dǎo)和歸納總結(jié)。2、在理論推導(dǎo)的基礎(chǔ)之上,編寫了彎曲矩形波導(dǎo)耦合波方程組的數(shù)值求解程序。并在仿真軟件HFSS中建立了仿真模型,將仿真計(jì)算結(jié)果與數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值計(jì)算程序的正確性,但在分析速度方面,數(shù)值計(jì)算程序的速度約為仿真軟件計(jì)算速度200倍,這樣大大縮短了分析所需的時(shí)間,為后續(xù)電大尺寸彎頭的優(yōu)化計(jì)算提供了必要的工具。3、利用數(shù)值計(jì)算工具和仿真軟件,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)了具有矩形結(jié)構(gòu),口徑為50mm,工作在Ku波段的TE01彎頭。計(jì)算結(jié)果如下:傳輸效率在96%以上的帶寬可達(dá)到13.9%,最高傳輸效率為99.97%。4、利用數(shù)值計(jì)算工具和仿真軟件,對(duì)一種極化可控的TE11彎頭進(jìn)行了分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),該彎頭工作于Ku波段,口徑為32mm。提出的結(jié)構(gòu)可以保證在引導(dǎo)TE11模式高效率轉(zhuǎn)彎的同時(shí),既能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)TE11模式線、圓極化之間相互轉(zhuǎn)變也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)TE11模式極化不變的傳輸。為了驗(yàn)證方案的可行性,對(duì)第二種情況的彎頭進(jìn)行了加工測(cè)試,S-參數(shù)的測(cè)試結(jié)果表明:在13GHz-15GHz的頻率范圍內(nèi),TE11彎頭的傳輸效率高于97%;空間輻射場(chǎng)測(cè)試表明:線極化TE11模式在經(jīng)過(guò)該彎頭之后能夠保持極化方向不變的輸出,功率容量測(cè)試結(jié)果表明:在頻率13GHz~15GHz、峰值功率120k W、平均功率10.4k W的情況下,研制的彎頭未發(fā)生擊穿現(xiàn)象。5、鑒于矩形彎曲波導(dǎo)在彎頭中的成功應(yīng)用,本章節(jié)還嘗試將矩形彎曲波導(dǎo)應(yīng)用到了TE01-TE11蛇形彎曲模式變換器中的設(shè)計(jì)中,期望能夠探索出一種寬頻帶的模式變換器設(shè)計(jì)方案。結(jié)合數(shù)值計(jì)算工具和仿真軟件,對(duì)一種工作在Ka波段,口徑為23mm,改進(jìn)型的TE01-TE11蛇形彎曲模式變換器進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明:最高轉(zhuǎn)化效率為98.5%,相對(duì)帶寬為11.5%。
[Abstract]:Because of its advantages of high power and wide bandwidth, high power gyrotron has a wide range of application prospects in millimeter wave radar and communication, and has been paid more attention by researchers at home and abroad. With the development of the application system, the high power transmission devices with cyclotron traveling wave tube (TWT) have become the active research hotspot of many researchers both at home and abroad. Waveguide elbow is one of the most important devices in microwave transmission system. In the case of high power transmission, the coupling between operating mode and parasitic mode is easy to occur in circular waveguide elbows, and this coupling is difficult to be eliminated by varying curvature, which will greatly affect the performance of the elbow. Compared with circular waveguides, the coupling between modes in curved rectangular waveguides is easier to control in the case of over-mode. Whether we can make use of the characteristics of rectangular waveguides to realize the wide-band and high efficiency of waveguide turning is the focus of this paper. The main work and contributions of this thesis are as follows: 1. The mode coupling problem in over-mode bending rectangular waveguide is studied and the corresponding mathematical model is established. The coupling coefficients among the modes in rectangular waveguides are deduced and summarized in detail. 2. On the basis of theoretical derivation, a numerical program for solving the coupled wave equations of curved rectangular waveguides is compiled. The simulation model is established in the simulation software HFSS. The simulation results are compared with the numerical results, and the correctness of the numerical calculation program is verified, but in the aspect of the analysis speed, the simulation results are compared with the numerical results. The speed of the numerical calculation program is about 200 times that of the simulation software, which greatly shortens the time required for analysis and provides the necessary tools for the optimization calculation of the subsequent electrically large size elbows. 3, using the numerical calculation tool and simulation software, The TE01 elbow with rectangular structure, 50mm aperture and working in Ku band is optimized. The results are as follows: the bandwidth of transmission efficiency above 96% can reach 13.9%, and the highest transmission efficiency is 99.97%. Using numerical calculation tools and simulation software, an TE11 elbow with controllable polarization is analyzed and optimized. The elbow operates in the Ku band and has a diameter of 32mm. The proposed structure can not only guide the high efficiency turn of TE11 mode, but also realize the transmission of TE11 mode line, circular polarization and constant polarization of TE11 mode. In order to verify the feasibility of the scheme, the processing test of the elbow in the second case was carried out. The test results of S-parameter show that the transmission efficiency of the 13GHz-15GHz elbow is higher than 97% in the frequency range of TE11; The space radiation field test shows that the linear polarized TE11 mode can keep the output of the polarization direction unchanged after passing through the elbow. The power capacity test results show that: when the frequency is 13GHz / 15GHz, the peak power is 120kW and the average power is 10.4kW. 5. In view of the successful application of rectangular bend waveguide in the elbow, this chapter also tries to apply the rectangular bend waveguide to the design of TE01-TE11 serpentine bending mode converter. It is expected that a design scheme of broadband mode converter can be explored. Combined with numerical calculation tools and simulation software, an improved TE01-TE11 serpentine bending mode converter operating in Ka band with an aperture of 23 mm is optimized. The results show that the highest conversion efficiency is 98.5% and the relative bandwidth is 11.5%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN12

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