電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-06 19:01
【摘要】：電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器是利用電磁感應機理實現(xiàn)高功率超聲脈沖輸出裝置,由于其本身有具有非接觸、無需耦合介質、分辨率高等諸多優(yōu)點,在醫(yī)療、工業(yè)清洗、工業(yè)無損檢測、水下聲納等領域獲得廣泛應用。如在無創(chuàng)腎結石和膽結石醫(yī)療應用中,采用脈沖磁場作用于球形曲面箔片的球形匯聚聲脈沖波發(fā)生器,人們已經在這種超聲脈沖發(fā)生器中獲得最高壓力值和可靠性系數。但是,在控制這種電磁聲脈沖發(fā)生器的聲脈沖持續(xù)時間時遇到困難,因為其激勵線圈匝數固定,所以脈沖時間僅能通過改變放電回路中的電容來實現(xiàn),不能很好滿足實際應用要求,同時還有轉換效率低的缺陷。國內有關電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器的性能還與國際先進產品間具有較大差距,因此深入研究電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器具有十分重要的實際應用價值。針對這一現(xiàn)狀,本文抓住電磁學和超聲波這兩個學科的結合,結合多物理場相關理論。在分析現(xiàn)有的電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器的基礎上,從結構設計和原理分析出發(fā),設計出成本低,結構簡單,輸出功率高,具有不同持續(xù)時間連續(xù)聲脈沖的電磁超聲脈沖發(fā)生器。本文主要安排如下:1.本文第一部分從課題的研究背景出發(fā),分析國內外有關課題的研究現(xiàn)狀,從而引出課題研究的意義和必要性,闡述本文主要的研究工作。2.本課題的研究屬于交叉學科,涉及到多個學科主要包括電磁學和超聲學,所以這一部分從電磁學和超聲學的角度介紹相關的理論指導。3.這一部分主要是整個系統(tǒng)的硬件電路的設計,主要有三個部分:儲能電容充電電路,激勵線圈放電電路和脈沖選擇控制電路。對充放電系統(tǒng)中激勵線圈結構進行設計,使其有多個輸出端,從而產生兩個或多個間隔可控的具有不同持續(xù)時間的連續(xù)聲脈沖電路系統(tǒng)。并通過檢測脈沖電流來做驗證。4.本文這一部分用COMSOL Multiphysics對換能器進行建模仿真,分析了換能器振動箔片的振動原理。并結合箔片的電磁激勵響應、振幅響應,得出箔片位移和線圈激勵電流關系曲線,討論了振動箔片形變與機械功率和能量轉換效率的關系,提出了箔片形變最佳點的概念。本文的設計可以有效的改善現(xiàn)有聲脈沖發(fā)生器單一不靈活、轉換效率低的缺點,對于超聲在醫(yī)療設備、聲空化等領域的發(fā)展提供了理論和實踐意義。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator is a high power ultrasonic pulse output device based on electromagnetic induction mechanism. Because of its advantages of non-contact, no coupling medium, high resolution and so on, electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator is widely used in medical treatment, industrial cleaning, industrial nondestructive testing, etc. Underwater sonar and other fields have been widely used. For example, in the medical application of non-invasive renal calculi and gallstones, a spherical convergent acoustic pulse generator with pulsed magnetic field acting on the spherical curved foil has been used to obtain the highest pressure and reliability coefficient in this ultrasonic pulse generator. However, it is difficult to control the duration of the electromagnetic acoustic pulse generator. Because the number of coil turns is fixed, the pulse time can only be achieved by changing the capacitance in the discharge loop. It can not meet the practical application requirements well, but also has the defect of low conversion efficiency. The performance of electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator in China still has a big gap with the international advanced products, so it has very important practical application value to study electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator in depth. In view of this situation, this paper focuses on the combination of electromagnetics and ultrasonic, combined with the theory of multiple physical fields. Based on the analysis of the existing electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator, the electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator with low cost, simple structure, high output power and different duration continuous acoustic pulse is designed from the structure design and principle analysis. The main arrangement of this paper is as follows: 1. The first part of this paper is based on the background of the research, analyzes the current situation of the research at home and abroad, leads to the significance and necessity of the research, and expounds the main research work of this paper. 2. The research of this subject belongs to the interdisciplinary subject, involving many subjects, mainly including electromagnetism and ultrasound, so this part introduces the relevant theoretical guidance from the point of view of electromagnetism and ultrasound. 3. This part is mainly the design of the hardware circuit of the whole system. There are three main parts: the charge circuit of energy storage capacitor, the discharge circuit of exciting coil and the pulse selection control circuit. The structure of excitation coil in charge-discharge system is designed so that it has multiple output terminals, so as to produce two or more continuous acoustic pulse circuits with controlled intervals and different durations. And by detecting the pulse current to do the verification. 4. In this part, COMSOL Multiphysics is used to model and simulate the transducer, and the vibration principle of the vibration foil of the transducer is analyzed. Combining the electromagnetic excitation response and amplitude response of the foil, the relation curve between the foil displacement and the coil excitation current is obtained, the relationship between the vibration foil deformation and the mechanical power and energy conversion efficiency is discussed, and the concept of the optimal point of the foil deformation is put forward. The design of this paper can effectively improve the shortcomings of single inflexibility and low conversion efficiency of the existing acoustic pulse generator, which provides theoretical and practical significance for the development of ultrasonic in medical equipment, acoustic cavitation and other fields.
【學位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN782
本文編號：2403197
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator is a high power ultrasonic pulse output device based on electromagnetic induction mechanism. Because of its advantages of non-contact, no coupling medium, high resolution and so on, electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator is widely used in medical treatment, industrial cleaning, industrial nondestructive testing, etc. Underwater sonar and other fields have been widely used. For example, in the medical application of non-invasive renal calculi and gallstones, a spherical convergent acoustic pulse generator with pulsed magnetic field acting on the spherical curved foil has been used to obtain the highest pressure and reliability coefficient in this ultrasonic pulse generator. However, it is difficult to control the duration of the electromagnetic acoustic pulse generator. Because the number of coil turns is fixed, the pulse time can only be achieved by changing the capacitance in the discharge loop. It can not meet the practical application requirements well, but also has the defect of low conversion efficiency. The performance of electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator in China still has a big gap with the international advanced products, so it has very important practical application value to study electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator in depth. In view of this situation, this paper focuses on the combination of electromagnetics and ultrasonic, combined with the theory of multiple physical fields. Based on the analysis of the existing electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator, the electromagnetic ultrasonic pulse generator with low cost, simple structure, high output power and different duration continuous acoustic pulse is designed from the structure design and principle analysis. The main arrangement of this paper is as follows: 1. The first part of this paper is based on the background of the research, analyzes the current situation of the research at home and abroad, leads to the significance and necessity of the research, and expounds the main research work of this paper. 2. The research of this subject belongs to the interdisciplinary subject, involving many subjects, mainly including electromagnetism and ultrasound, so this part introduces the relevant theoretical guidance from the point of view of electromagnetism and ultrasound. 3. This part is mainly the design of the hardware circuit of the whole system. There are three main parts: the charge circuit of energy storage capacitor, the discharge circuit of exciting coil and the pulse selection control circuit. The structure of excitation coil in charge-discharge system is designed so that it has multiple output terminals, so as to produce two or more continuous acoustic pulse circuits with controlled intervals and different durations. And by detecting the pulse current to do the verification. 4. In this part, COMSOL Multiphysics is used to model and simulate the transducer, and the vibration principle of the vibration foil of the transducer is analyzed. Combining the electromagnetic excitation response and amplitude response of the foil, the relation curve between the foil displacement and the coil excitation current is obtained, the relationship between the vibration foil deformation and the mechanical power and energy conversion efficiency is discussed, and the concept of the optimal point of the foil deformation is put forward. The design of this paper can effectively improve the shortcomings of single inflexibility and low conversion efficiency of the existing acoustic pulse generator, which provides theoretical and practical significance for the development of ultrasonic in medical equipment, acoustic cavitation and other fields.
【學位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN782
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