基于圖像融合的激光束散角測量及硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-31 08:54
【摘要】：近年來隨著激光技術(shù)的發(fā)展,以激光為基礎(chǔ)的激光光電子技術(shù)得到廣泛的應(yīng)用,相應(yīng)的對激光質(zhì)量也有了較高的要求,而激光束散角則可以較為準(zhǔn)確的評價(jià)激光的優(yōu)劣。但是經(jīng)由傳統(tǒng)儀器測量束散角的方法費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力,對于應(yīng)用在武器系統(tǒng)上的激光有一定的局限性,所以本文提出了基于圖像融合的激光束散角實(shí)時(shí)測量方法,通過對算法的仿真及客觀參數(shù)的上的評價(jià)可知此方法的可行性,并在硬件平臺上得到實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文的主要工作有:首先對傳統(tǒng)測量束散角的方法進(jìn)行了分析對比,指出其不足之處。然后對激光的特性進(jìn)行了分析,研究了激光束散角測量方法,CCD的基本原理,分析了圖像融合的基本原理,根據(jù)要求完成了電路的設(shè)計(jì)工作。然后針對文中激光光斑的特殊性,對CCD采集到的圖像進(jìn)行預(yù)處理。通過對預(yù)處理方法的對比及圖像提取效果的評價(jià),分析出不同方法的優(yōu)劣,提出了適合于本文光斑圖像的圓逼近法。最后通過對CCD線性的分析,尋出適合圖像融合的最佳閾值。研究了DSP模塊內(nèi)圖像預(yù)處理及融合算法的實(shí)現(xiàn),將融合的效果以客觀數(shù)據(jù)的形式展現(xiàn);得到適合計(jì)算的融合圖像后將數(shù)據(jù)送入FPGA模塊內(nèi)完成束散角計(jì)算的過程,分析束散角的不確定。通過對以上內(nèi)容的研究,本文的方法可以實(shí)時(shí)測量實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺中的高能多脈沖激光,并且可以將測量范圍擴(kuò)大到數(shù)千焦耳,測量精度也達(dá)到目標(biāo)要求。整個(gè)流程在所設(shè)計(jì)的硬件平臺上可實(shí)現(xiàn),并滿足實(shí)時(shí)性,即可以在要求的幾十毫秒內(nèi)完成每個(gè)脈沖激光束散角的檢測。通過圖像融合的方法對過飽和及欠飽和的圖像進(jìn)行融合,不僅提高圖像的利用率及圖像的動態(tài)范圍,增大激光可測能量的范圍,同時(shí)提高了激光束散角的測量精度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of laser technology, laser optoelectronic technology based on laser has been widely used, and the quality of laser is also required, and laser beam divergence can be accurately evaluated. However, the method of measuring beam divergence angle by traditional instrument is time-consuming and laborious, which is limited to the laser used in weapon system. Therefore, a real-time measurement method of laser beam divergence angle based on image fusion is proposed in this paper. Through the simulation of the algorithm and the evaluation of the objective parameters, the feasibility of the method is known, and it is realized on the hardware platform. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the traditional method of measuring beam divergence is analyzed and compared, and its shortcomings are pointed out. Then the characteristic of laser is analyzed, the basic principle of CCD is studied, the basic principle of image fusion is analyzed, and the circuit is designed according to the requirement. Then, according to the particularity of laser spot, the image collected by CCD is preprocessed. By comparing the preprocessing methods and evaluating the effect of image extraction, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are analyzed, and a circle approximation method suitable for the spot image in this paper is proposed. Finally, through the linear analysis of CCD, the optimal threshold for image fusion is found. This paper studies the realization of image preprocessing and fusion algorithm in DSP module, presents the fusion effect in the form of objective data, obtains the suitable fusion image and sends the data into the FPGA module to complete the calculation of beam divergence. The uncertainty of beam divergence is analyzed. Through the research of the above contents, the method in this paper can measure the high-energy multi-pulse laser in the experimental platform in real time, and can extend the measurement range to thousands of joules, and the measurement precision can also reach the target requirement. The whole process can be realized on the designed hardware platform and meet the real-time requirements, that is, the detection of the divergence angle of each pulse laser beam can be completed in the required tens of milliseconds. The fusion of supersaturated and undersaturated images by image fusion not only improves the utilization ratio of images and the dynamic range of images, increases the range of laser measurable energy, but also improves the measurement accuracy of laser beam divergence angle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP391.41;TN249
本文編號：2155072
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of laser technology, laser optoelectronic technology based on laser has been widely used, and the quality of laser is also required, and laser beam divergence can be accurately evaluated. However, the method of measuring beam divergence angle by traditional instrument is time-consuming and laborious, which is limited to the laser used in weapon system. Therefore, a real-time measurement method of laser beam divergence angle based on image fusion is proposed in this paper. Through the simulation of the algorithm and the evaluation of the objective parameters, the feasibility of the method is known, and it is realized on the hardware platform. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the traditional method of measuring beam divergence is analyzed and compared, and its shortcomings are pointed out. Then the characteristic of laser is analyzed, the basic principle of CCD is studied, the basic principle of image fusion is analyzed, and the circuit is designed according to the requirement. Then, according to the particularity of laser spot, the image collected by CCD is preprocessed. By comparing the preprocessing methods and evaluating the effect of image extraction, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are analyzed, and a circle approximation method suitable for the spot image in this paper is proposed. Finally, through the linear analysis of CCD, the optimal threshold for image fusion is found. This paper studies the realization of image preprocessing and fusion algorithm in DSP module, presents the fusion effect in the form of objective data, obtains the suitable fusion image and sends the data into the FPGA module to complete the calculation of beam divergence. The uncertainty of beam divergence is analyzed. Through the research of the above contents, the method in this paper can measure the high-energy multi-pulse laser in the experimental platform in real time, and can extend the measurement range to thousands of joules, and the measurement precision can also reach the target requirement. The whole process can be realized on the designed hardware platform and meet the real-time requirements, that is, the detection of the divergence angle of each pulse laser beam can be completed in the required tens of milliseconds. The fusion of supersaturated and undersaturated images by image fusion not only improves the utilization ratio of images and the dynamic range of images, increases the range of laser measurable energy, but also improves the measurement accuracy of laser beam divergence angle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP391.41;TN249
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