【摘要】：信號源作為一種重要的儀器,在導(dǎo)航、通信、測試等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。在這些應(yīng)用中信號源一般用于產(chǎn)生激勵信號,對系統(tǒng)進行測試。隨著電子和通信技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,待測系統(tǒng)日益復(fù)雜,對信號源性能要求也越來越高,主要表現(xiàn)在高頻率、寬頻帶、多模式、多通道等方面。另外,為了提高測試的準(zhǔn)確性和信號源的通用性,信號源須具備參數(shù)變化速度快、信號產(chǎn)生方法靈活、系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定可靠、信號頻譜純度高等優(yōu)點。針對信號源的需求特點,基于軟件無線電思想,設(shè)計實現(xiàn)多通道通信信號源。構(gòu)架ARM+FPGA+DAC實時處理硬件平臺,實現(xiàn)信號模式產(chǎn)生、多通道數(shù)字移相,ARM接口及存儲控制、系統(tǒng)時序產(chǎn)生和外圍接口產(chǎn)生電路。該信號源能模擬超短波通信信號(30~600MHz)及衛(wèi)星上行通信信號(1600~1700 MHz),實現(xiàn)AM、FM、PSK、QPSK、FSK、4FSK、跳頻等調(diào)制模式信號,通過多通道移相和功率控制實現(xiàn)內(nèi)場測試的目標(biāo)方位、距離模擬功能,能工作在定頻或跳頻兩種通信模式。在信號生成技術(shù)上,深入研究直接數(shù)字合成技術(shù)(DDS)基本結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理,分析了直接波形合成技術(shù)(DDWS)和直接數(shù)字頻率合成技術(shù)(DDFS)兩種頻率合成方法的原理、硬件結(jié)構(gòu)及其優(yōu)缺點,結(jié)合這兩種方法在任意波形合成中的應(yīng)用條件,選用DDFS技術(shù)產(chǎn)生分辨率高,頻率、相位調(diào)制方便,轉(zhuǎn)換速度快,且輸出波形相位連續(xù)的數(shù)字信號;為進一步提高信號源輸出頻率和帶寬,鑒于實際器件工作時鐘限制,數(shù)字端運用并行DDFS技術(shù),產(chǎn)生低時鐘高速率的數(shù)字信號;利用超奈奎斯特原理,在奈奎斯特第二域重構(gòu)高頻率寬帶寬模擬輸出信號。利用通信調(diào)制算法,產(chǎn)生高精度,多模式測試信號。結(jié)合FPGA的軟件重構(gòu)性,可實現(xiàn)信號源的參數(shù)和信號形式的實時可變。通過深入研究干涉儀原理,反向生成具有相位差的模擬干涉儀信號來模擬目標(biāo)信號的方位,測試待測系統(tǒng)對于方位的檢測和識別性能。并設(shè)計鑒相反饋模塊,通過數(shù)字調(diào)相實現(xiàn)通道間的同步。
[Abstract]:As an important instrument, signal source is widely used in navigation, communication, testing and other fields. In these applications, signal sources are generally used to generate excitation signals and test the system. With the rapid development of electronic and communication technology, the system to be tested is becoming more and more complex, and the performance of signal source is becoming more and more high, mainly in the aspects of high frequency, wide frequency band, multi-mode, multi-channel and so on. In addition, in order to improve the accuracy of the test and the generality of the signal source, the signal source should have the advantages of fast change of parameters, flexible signal generation method, stable and reliable system, high purity of signal spectrum, and so on. According to the demand characteristics of signal source, a multi-channel communication signal source is designed and implemented based on the idea of software radio. The real-time processing hardware platform of arm FPGA DAC is constructed to realize signal mode generation, multi-channel digital phase shift arm interface and storage control, system timing generation and peripheral interface generation circuit. This signal source can simulate ultrashort wave communication signal (30 ~ 600MHz) and satellite uplink communication signal (1600 ~ 1700MHz), realize modulation mode signal such as AMFM / PSK / QPSK / FSK4, frequency hopping and so on, and realize the target azimuth and distance simulation function of internal field test by multi-channel phase shift and power control. Can work in constant frequency or frequency hopping two communication modes. In the aspect of signal generation, the basic structure and working principle of Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) are studied, and the principles of Direct Waveform Synthesis (DDWS) and Direct Digital Frequency Synthesis (DDFS) are analyzed. Hardware structure and its advantages and disadvantages, combined with the application conditions of these two methods in arbitrary waveform synthesis, DDFS technology is selected to produce digital signals with high resolution, frequency, convenient phase modulation, fast conversion speed and continuous waveform phase. In order to further improve the output frequency and bandwidth of the signal source, in view of the working clock limitation of practical devices, the digital terminal uses parallel DDFS technology to generate digital signals with low clock and high rate. The high frequency wideband wide analog output signal is reconstructed in Nyquist second domain. By using the communication modulation algorithm, high precision and multi-mode test signals are generated. Combining with the software reconfiguration of FPGA, the parameter and signal form of signal source can be changed in real time. By deeply studying the principle of interferometer, the analog interferometer signal with phase difference is generated in reverse to simulate the azimuth of target signal, and the performance of azimuth detection and recognition of the system is tested. The phase feedback module is designed, and the synchronization between channels is realized by digital phase modulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN741;TN79

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