發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-06 07:15

【摘要】：針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)地鐵隧道匯流排安裝施工中定位立柱錨螺栓孔鉆孔作業(yè)施工環(huán)境差、施工質(zhì)量難以保障、施工效率低以及現(xiàn)有隧道鉆孔設(shè)備自動(dòng)化和智能化程度低的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)并研究了一種新型的地鐵隧道鉆孔設(shè)備的機(jī)械工作機(jī)構(gòu)和電液控制系統(tǒng)。設(shè)備安裝在作業(yè)平車上,通過機(jī)電液一體化的控制系統(tǒng)控制機(jī)械工作機(jī)構(gòu)完成鉆具定位和鉆孔的工作。鉆孔時(shí)首先通過安裝在鉆孔設(shè)備工作機(jī)構(gòu)上的光學(xué)和位置傳感器(如CCD智能相機(jī))獲取鉆孔定位點(diǎn)的圖像信息,再經(jīng)計(jì)算機(jī)處理分析后獲得定位點(diǎn)相對(duì)于設(shè)備既定原點(diǎn)(導(dǎo)柱架頂尖)的三維坐標(biāo),然后計(jì)算機(jī)將該坐標(biāo)信息轉(zhuǎn)化為控制信號(hào)傳給機(jī)械控制模塊,控制模塊通過電液伺服控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)液壓缸位置和速度的精確和迅速控制,使鉆機(jī)到達(dá)預(yù)定鉆孔位置,微小調(diào)整后,再控制鉆機(jī)進(jìn)行鉆孔。為防止自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)在工作中失效或失誤,設(shè)計(jì)了人工輔助的手動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)控制鉆孔設(shè)備工作。工作時(shí)通過人眼和大腦獲取和處理鉆孔定位點(diǎn)的信息,并通過控制手柄控制機(jī)械系統(tǒng)工作,使鉆具到達(dá)鉆孔目標(biāo)點(diǎn)。對(duì)于手動(dòng)控制模塊,為了解決控制手柄和機(jī)械系統(tǒng)之間繁瑣的布線工作和方便人為操作,設(shè)計(jì)了遠(yuǎn)距離無線控制系統(tǒng),利用無線的方式控制機(jī)械系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。無線控制系統(tǒng)既利用兩個(gè)對(duì)講機(jī)傳輸DTMF編碼,信號(hào)經(jīng)開發(fā)板解析后用來控制相應(yīng)的物理開關(guān),達(dá)到遠(yuǎn)距離控制開關(guān)量的目的。鉆孔設(shè)備工作機(jī)構(gòu)主要包括Z向升降立柱運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)、水平旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)、左右傾角調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)以及XY向運(yùn)動(dòng)平臺(tái)。由于一組孔的數(shù)量一般為2-4個(gè),采用將多個(gè)鉆具安裝在一個(gè)導(dǎo)柱架上一次性鉆一組孔。鉆機(jī)采用水鉆,將鉆孔后的粉塵和殘?jiān)?jīng)排污管道排除,以改善施工環(huán)境。通過Solid-works軟件設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)建立了鉆孔設(shè)備的三維模型,然后通過ANSYS Workbench軟件對(duì)其主體結(jié)構(gòu)作了強(qiáng)度分析,根據(jù)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了一系列的優(yōu)化,使所設(shè)計(jì)的設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)滿足強(qiáng)度要求。基于隧道內(nèi)鉆孔環(huán)境和工作的要求,采用液壓傳動(dòng)和控制方式,使鉆孔設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊小巧、調(diào)速方便。通過機(jī)電液系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的合理匹配與設(shè)計(jì),開發(fā)出了具有較高定位精度和較強(qiáng)穩(wěn)定性以及自動(dòng)化程度較高的鉆孔設(shè)備。
[Abstract]:In view of the poor construction environment, difficult to guarantee construction quality, low construction efficiency and low automation and intelligentization of existing tunnel drilling equipment, the traditional subway tunnel diversion bar installation is characterized by poor construction environment, difficulty in ensuring construction quality and low automation and intelligentization of existing tunnel drilling equipment. The mechanical working mechanism and electro-hydraulic control system of a new type of drilling equipment for subway tunnel are designed and studied. The equipment is installed on the working vehicle, and the mechanical working mechanism is controlled by the electromechanical-hydraulic control system to complete the drilling tool positioning and drilling. When drilling a hole, it first acquires image information about the location of the hole through an optical and position sensor (such as a CCD smart camera) that is installed on the working mechanism of the drilling device. After the computer processing and analysis, the three-dimensional coordinate of the anchor point relative to the fixed origin of the equipment (the top of the guide column) is obtained. Then the computer converts the coordinate information into the control signal and transmits it to the mechanical control module. The control module realizes accurate and rapid control of the position and speed of the hydraulic cylinder through electro-hydraulic servo control system, which enables the drill to reach the predetermined drilling position. After minor adjustment, the drilling rig is controlled to drill. In order to prevent the failure or error of the automatic control system, a manual control system was designed to control the drilling equipment. Through human eyes and brain to obtain and process drilling location information, and through the control handle to control the mechanical system work, so that the drill tool to reach the drilling target point. For the manual control module, in order to solve the tedious wiring work between the control handle and the mechanical system and to facilitate man-made operation, a long-distance wireless control system is designed to control the movement of the mechanical system in a wireless manner. The wireless control system uses two intercom to transmit the DTMF code and the signal is analyzed by the development board to control the corresponding physical switch to achieve the purpose of long-distance control of the switch quantity. The working mechanism of drilling equipment mainly includes Z-lift column movement mechanism, horizontal rotation mechanism, left-right angle adjustment mechanism and XY-oriented motion platform. Since the number of holes in a group is usually 2 to 4, a group of holes is drilled by installing multiple drilling tools on a guide frame. The drilling rig adopts water drill to remove the dust and residue after drilling through the sewerage pipe to improve the construction environment. The three-dimensional model of drilling equipment is established by Solid-works software design. Then the main structure of drilling equipment is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software and a series of optimizations are carried out according to the analysis results so as to make the designed equipment structure meet the strength requirements. Based on the requirements of drilling environment and work in tunnel, hydraulic transmission and control mode are adopted to make the drilling equipment compact and convenient for speed regulation. Through the reasonable matching and design of the mechanical and electro-hydraulic system parameters, the drilling equipment with high positioning accuracy, strong stability and high degree of automation has been developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U231.3;U455.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

中國(guó)碩士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 前1條

1 李茂;地鐵隧道壁面鉆孔設(shè)備研發(fā)[D];西南交通大學(xué);2016年

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本文編號(hào)：2469983