【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程的快速發(fā)展,公共自行車系統(tǒng)一直作為政府、相關(guān)企業(yè)和學(xué)者的研究熱點(diǎn)。我國(guó)將有更多城市加入公共自行車隊(duì)列中,公共自行車系統(tǒng)如何科學(xué)的建設(shè)、運(yùn)營(yíng)也越來(lái)越重要。站點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)布局(包括站點(diǎn)分布、站點(diǎn)規(guī)模合理性、站點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)完善度)是影響用戶使用公共自行車的重要因素之一。我國(guó)的公共自行車系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃是在借鑒國(guó)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過(guò)程中,逐漸形成合適的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式和理論方法。在實(shí)際的運(yùn)營(yíng)過(guò)程中,公共自行車系統(tǒng)提供的服務(wù)與站點(diǎn)周邊的公共交通設(shè)施使用現(xiàn)狀、交通運(yùn)行特性的變化相關(guān),因此為更好的滿足用戶需求的變化,提高公共自行車的使用率,需要對(duì)站點(diǎn)的布局提出優(yōu)化決策。在此背景下,本文對(duì)公共自行車站點(diǎn)布局優(yōu)化問題進(jìn)行了研究。首先,從公共自行車系統(tǒng)出發(fā),分析了系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成、站點(diǎn)類型的劃分。在站點(diǎn)布局規(guī)劃角度,提出站點(diǎn)布局的關(guān)鍵要素是站間距的確定和站點(diǎn)規(guī)模的估算。規(guī)劃不合理,導(dǎo)致公共自行車站點(diǎn)前期的配置與實(shí)施后的需求不匹配。在理論方面,總結(jié)已有的公共自行車站點(diǎn)布局模型的特點(diǎn)和存在的不足,提出站點(diǎn)布局優(yōu)化模型的構(gòu)建思路。其次,從公共自行車站點(diǎn)布局影響因素的描述入手,分析了建立公共自行車站點(diǎn)布局優(yōu)化模型構(gòu)建的前提以及假設(shè),確定了以所有使用者出行總時(shí)間最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以建設(shè)總成本、站點(diǎn)借還需求以及站點(diǎn)服務(wù)能力為約束條件的數(shù)學(xué)模型。結(jié)合模型中目標(biāo)函數(shù)和約束條件的形式,基于LINGO軟件求解模型,得到在不同周期的需求變化條件下,站點(diǎn)的布局優(yōu)化方案。最后,以中山市公共自行車系統(tǒng)為基礎(chǔ)算例,參照中國(guó)各城市和中山市實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)情況設(shè)置相應(yīng)的模型參數(shù),驗(yàn)證模型的合理性與可行性,為決策者提供優(yōu)化參考意見。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, public bicycle system has been a hot research topic of government, related enterprises and scholars. More cities will join the public bicycle queue in our country. How to build the public bicycle system scientifically and how to operate the public bicycle system is becoming more and more important. The design and layout of the site (including site distribution, site scale rationality, site system perfection) is one of the important factors that affect the users' use of public bicycles. In the process of drawing lessons from the experience of foreign countries, the planning of public bicycle system in our country has gradually formed a suitable operation mode and theoretical method. In the actual operation process, the service provided by the public bicycle system is related to the current situation of the use of public transport facilities around the station and the change of traffic operation characteristics, so in order to better meet the needs of users, To improve the utilization rate of public bicycle, it is necessary to optimize the layout of the site. In this context, this paper studies the layout optimization of public bicycle stations. First of all, from the public bicycle system, analysis of the system composition, site classification. From the point of view of site layout planning, the key elements of site layout are the determination of station spacing and the estimation of site size. Unreasonable planning, resulting in the public bicycle site early configuration and implementation of the requirements do not match. In theory, the characteristics and shortcomings of the existing public bicycle site layout model are summarized, and the train of thought of constructing the site layout optimization model is put forward. Secondly, starting with the description of the factors affecting the layout of public bicycle stations, this paper analyzes the premise and hypothesis of establishing the optimization model of the layout of public bicycle stations, and determines that the minimum travel time of all users is the objective function. A mathematical model with total construction cost, site loan demand and site service capacity as constraints. Combined with the form of objective function and constraint condition in the model, based on the LINGO software, the optimization scheme of site layout is obtained under the condition of changing requirements in different periods. Finally, taking Zhongshan City Public Bicycle system as an example, the corresponding model parameters are set according to the actual operation situation of Chinese cities and Zhongshan City, to verify the rationality and feasibility of the model, and to provide reference for the decision makers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491.225

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