【摘要】：NSD(negative stiffness device,簡稱NSD)為一種新型的負剛度減震機構,即在位移激勵下能產(chǎn)生與位移方向一致的作用力的機構,將其內(nèi)置于結構中可通過弱化結構以達到減震效果�，F(xiàn)有系列研究表明:NSD具有較好的減震功效和自復位功能,且NSD機構是無需外部能源輸入的被動控制的結構減震技術,其完全通過力學機制產(chǎn)生負剛度從而達到減震功效。NSD作為被動減震裝置,一定程度上消除了主動、半主動控制裝置能量輸入大且不穩(wěn)定的影響。目前基于NSD實現(xiàn)耗能能力的研究成果較少,因此,對改進型減震自復位負剛度機構的抗震機理分析顯得尤為迫切。為了進一步改善既有負剛度機構的抗震性能,本文開發(fā)了增設與預壓彈簧并行的輔助耗能元件的改進型減震自復位負剛度機構。以負剛度機構中預壓彈簧剛度和預壓位移作為設計參數(shù),設計了5個足尺試件并采用商業(yè)有限元軟件ABAQUS對其在水平低周往復荷載下的抗震機理進行了數(shù)值模擬。基于模擬數(shù)據(jù)處理,對其滯回特征、水平抗側剛度和耗能能力等性能進行了對比分析。為了驗證改進型減震自復位負剛度機構對結構的減震功效,本文設計了直柱式橋墩結構內(nèi)置改進型減震自復位負剛度機構算例,并采用商業(yè)有限元軟件ABAQUS對其在水平低周往復荷載下以及單向加載下了進行數(shù)值模擬。分析結果顯示:預壓彈簧剛度不僅影響負剛度對結構弱化減震的發(fā)展進程,且影響消壓后對結構強化自復位的功效。預壓位移設計值僅影響負剛度對結構弱化減震的發(fā)展進程。設置與預壓彈簧并行的輔助耗能元件可提供耗散地震能的能力,從而進一步增強結構的減震效果。因此,改進型減震自復位負剛度機構實現(xiàn)了減震、耗能能力與自復位功效有機統(tǒng)一的性能設計目標。
[Abstract]:NSD (negative stiffness device, (NSD) is a new type of negative stiffness damping mechanism, which can produce force consistent with displacement direction under displacement excitation. It can be used to attenuate the structure by weakening the structure. The existing series of studies show that NSD has better damping effect and self-reset function, and that the NSD mechanism is a passive structural damping technique without external energy input. NSD, as a passive shock absorber, can eliminate the influence of active and semi-active control devices on the large and unstable energy input to some extent. At present, there are few researches on the energy dissipation ability based on NSD, so it is urgent to analyze the seismic mechanism of the improved self-reset negative stiffness mechanism. In order to further improve the seismic performance of the existing negative stiffness mechanism, an improved damping self-reset negative stiffness mechanism with auxiliary energy dissipation elements parallel to the preloaded spring is developed in this paper. Taking preloaded spring stiffness and preloading displacement in negative stiffness mechanism as design parameters, five full-scale specimens were designed and their seismic mechanism under horizontal low cycle reciprocating load was simulated numerically by commercial finite element software ABAQUS. Based on the simulation data processing, the hysteretic characteristics, horizontal lateral stiffness and energy dissipation capacity were compared and analyzed. In order to verify the effect of the improved self-reset negative stiffness mechanism on the structure, a calculation example of the modified self-reset negative stiffness mechanism for the straight column pier structure is designed in this paper. The commercial finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate it under horizontal low cycle reciprocating load and unidirectional loading. The results show that the stiffness of preloaded spring not only affects the development process of the negative stiffness on the weakening and damping of the structure, but also affects the effect of strengthening the self-reset of the structure after the reduction of the pressure. The design value of preloading displacement only affects the development process of the negative stiffness on the weakening and damping of the structure. The ability of dissipating seismic energy can be provided by setting auxiliary energy dissipation elements parallel to preloaded springs, thus further enhancing the seismic absorption effect of the structure. Therefore, the improved self-reset negative stiffness mechanism achieves the performance design goal of the unity of damping, energy dissipation and self-reset efficiency.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U441

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