【摘要】：公路隧道常用的開挖方法包括鉆爆法及掘進(jìn)法,而對(duì)于山嶺隧道來(lái)說(shuō),主要還是應(yīng)用鉆爆開挖,常用的爆破孔鉆眼機(jī)具為氣動(dòng)鑿巖機(jī)配自制臺(tái)架或鑿巖臺(tái)車。對(duì)于兩種鉆眼方式,相對(duì)于鑿巖臺(tái)車,氣動(dòng)鑿巖機(jī)配合自制臺(tái)架施工成本低,但是施工效率低、作業(yè)環(huán)境惡劣、工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)大繁重。而鑿巖臺(tái)車雖然自身價(jià)格較高,但是施工效率高、施工質(zhì)量好、自動(dòng)化程度高、工人勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度低、施工環(huán)境安全。隨著綠色施工的提倡,運(yùn)用全電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車代替人工風(fēng)鉆開挖以及濕噴技術(shù)運(yùn)用于隧道初期支護(hù)將是必然趨勢(shì)。本文結(jié)合港珠澳大橋珠海連接線南灣隧道實(shí)際施工情況,對(duì)基于全電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車開挖與濕噴初期支護(hù)的施工方法進(jìn)行了深入研究。文章首先回顧了國(guó)內(nèi)外電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車的研究現(xiàn)狀,以及電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車施工技術(shù)發(fā)展情況。然后,介紹了基于全電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車開挖與濕噴初期支護(hù)的施工方法的基本原理——新奧法原理及控制爆破原理。文章對(duì)運(yùn)用全電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車的幾種隧道施工方法進(jìn)行了討論,將全電腦臺(tái)車運(yùn)用于全斷面法、微臺(tái)階法、長(zhǎng)臺(tái)階法、雙車同時(shí)作業(yè)。重點(diǎn)討論了鉆爆開挖幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵工序:鉆爆設(shè)計(jì)、鉆眼、裝藥、爆破通風(fēng)、降塵、出碴等,繼而對(duì)濕噴初次支護(hù)原理及濕噴施工技術(shù)進(jìn)行了討論,對(duì)各工序不同的施工方法進(jìn)行了橫向?qū)Ρ?得出了一些結(jié)論。對(duì)隧道爆破及初期支護(hù)過(guò)程中圍巖的穩(wěn)定性情況進(jìn)行了模擬以及實(shí)際量測(cè)的討論。開挖理論與實(shí)踐都可以證明,這些施工方法的運(yùn)用既安全合理又具有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì),對(duì)今后類似工程實(shí)踐由一定的參考作用。對(duì)基于全電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車和濕噴技術(shù)的隧道開挖施工組織進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,從優(yōu)化工序和縮短工期兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了探討。所有分析結(jié)果表明,基于全電腦鑿巖臺(tái)車及濕噴機(jī)組初期支護(hù)是先進(jìn)的隧道施工方法,具有相當(dāng)適應(yīng)性的,特別在中長(zhǎng)或特長(zhǎng)山嶺隧道的施工中,具有施工質(zhì)量高、掘進(jìn)快速、施工環(huán)境好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),將是未來(lái)隧道施工的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:The common excavation methods of highway tunnel include drilling and blasting method and tunneling method. For the mountain tunnel, drilling and blasting are mainly used. The commonly used blasting hole drilling machine is pneumatic drilling machine and self-made bench or rock drill car. For the two drilling methods, compared with the drilling rig, the pneumatic rock drill with self-made bench construction cost is low, but the construction efficiency is low, the working environment is bad, and the workers' labor is strong and arduous. Although the price of rock drilling platform is high, the construction efficiency is high, the construction quality is good, the degree of automation is high, the labor intensity of workers is low, and the construction environment is safe. With the promotion of green construction, it is an inevitable trend to use full computer drilling bench instead of artificial air drill excavation and wet jet technology in the initial support of tunnel. Based on the actual construction of Nanwan Tunnel of Zhuhai connecting Line of HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, this paper makes a deep study on the construction method of excavating and wet-shotcreting initial support based on full-computer drilling platform. This paper first reviews the research status of computer drilling bench at home and abroad, as well as the development of construction technology of computer drilling platform. Then, the paper introduces the basic principle of the construction method of excavating and wet spraying initial support based on the whole computer drilling bench, namely, the principle of the new Austrian method and the principle of controlled blasting. In this paper, several tunnel construction methods using full computer drilling bench are discussed, and the whole computer bench is applied to the whole section method, micro step method, long step method and double car working simultaneously. Several key processes of drilling and blasting excavation are emphatically discussed: drilling and blasting design, drilling hole, charging, blasting ventilation, dust reduction, ballast extraction, etc. Then, the principle of primary support by wet jet and the construction technology of wet jet are discussed. The construction methods of different working procedures are compared horizontally and some conclusions are drawn. The stability of surrounding rock during tunnel blasting and initial support is simulated and the actual measurement is discussed. The excavation theory and practice can prove that the application of these construction methods is both safe and reasonable and has great advantages, which can be used as a reference for the practice of similar projects in the future. This paper optimizes the construction organization of tunnel excavation based on full computer drilling bench and wet jet technology, and probes into two aspects: optimizing working procedure and shortening construction period. All the analysis results show that the initial support of the whole computer drilling bench and wet jet unit is an advanced tunnel construction method, and has quite adaptability, especially in the construction of the medium or super long mountain tunnel, the construction quality is high and the driving speed is fast. The advantages of good construction environment will be the development trend of tunnel construction in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U455.4

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本文編號(hào)：2291986