【摘要】：交通問(wèn)題一直困擾著各個(gè)大中型城市,尤其隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和機(jī)動(dòng)車保有量的增加,交通擁擠問(wèn)題變得越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。城市道路交通問(wèn)題己經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展,那么,緩解道路交通擁擠已經(jīng)成為了刻不容緩、亟待解決的問(wèn)題。這也是政府部門和交通研究者必須履行的職責(zé)。因此,本文對(duì)交通擁擠收費(fèi)進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)西安某路段進(jìn)行擁擠道路雙層收費(fèi)模型的建立,通過(guò)對(duì)擁擠雙層收費(fèi)模型的研究以及仿真并結(jié)合交通需求管理的優(yōu)點(diǎn),有效促進(jìn)交通資源的利用,提高交通效率。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,本文對(duì)交通擁擠收費(fèi)進(jìn)行了概述,分別介紹交通擁擠收費(fèi)的概念理論以及擁擠收費(fèi)的相關(guān)定價(jià)理論,其次對(duì)道路擁擠收費(fèi)的各種分類方法進(jìn)行介紹,并對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外道路擁擠收費(fèi)的理論研究成果進(jìn)行概述,也介紹了擁擠收費(fèi)的模型理論。然后以新加坡、斯德哥爾摩、倫敦、香港等城市為例,簡(jiǎn)介城市道路擁擠收費(fèi)政策的國(guó)內(nèi)外應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀實(shí)施結(jié)果。其次,本文對(duì)靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)的交通擁擠收費(fèi)模型的建立分別進(jìn)行介紹,運(yùn)用改進(jìn)的Logit算法對(duì)交通流量進(jìn)行分配,完善現(xiàn)有的動(dòng)態(tài)交通分配模型,以居民出行路徑選擇的路線為數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)擁擠收費(fèi)區(qū)域路段做界定。采用雙層收費(fèi)模型,上層模型用來(lái)確定收費(fèi)策略,下層滿足出行者的路徑選擇。最后,對(duì)建立好的模型用VISSIM進(jìn)行仿真,將擁擠收費(fèi)的應(yīng)用展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。先利用擁擠收費(fèi)模型建立虛擬路網(wǎng),對(duì)各參數(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)置,然后進(jìn)行多次仿真,對(duì)道路擁擠的實(shí)施效果進(jìn)行綜合分析并加以改進(jìn),對(duì)擁擠路段進(jìn)行收費(fèi)的定價(jià)。最終根據(jù)建模以及仿真結(jié)果,以具體圖表形式呈現(xiàn),說(shuō)明了實(shí)施擁擠收費(fèi)策略對(duì)于緩解交通擁擠有著重要的意義,達(dá)到了有效緩解交通擁擠的目的。
[Abstract]:Traffic problems have been puzzling large and medium-sized cities, especially with the rapid development of economy and the increase of vehicle ownership, traffic congestion has become more and more serious. The problem of urban road traffic has seriously affected the healthy development of social economy, so alleviating road traffic congestion has become an urgent problem to be solved. This is also the responsibility of government departments and traffic researchers. Therefore, this paper studies traffic congestion charges, builds a two-layer toll model for a section of Xi'an road congestion, through the study of congestion double-layer toll model and simulation, combined with the advantages of traffic demand management. Effectively promote the use of traffic resources, improve traffic efficiency. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, this paper gives an overview of traffic congestion charges, introduces the concept theory of traffic congestion charges and the related pricing theory of congestion charges. Secondly, it introduces the classification methods of road congestion pricing, summarizes the theoretical research results of road congestion pricing at home and abroad, and also introduces the model theory of congestion pricing. Then take Singapore, Stockholm, London, Hong Kong and other cities as examples, introduce the implementation results of the domestic and international application of urban road congestion pricing policy. Secondly, this paper introduces the establishment of static and dynamic traffic congestion toll models, and uses the improved Logit algorithm to allocate traffic flow, and improves the existing dynamic traffic allocation model. Taking the route chosen by residents as data, the section of congestion toll area is defined. The upper layer model is used to determine the charging strategy, and the lower layer satisfies the route choice of the traveler. Finally, the established model is simulated with VISSIM to show the application of congestion charge. Firstly, the virtual road network is established by using congestion toll model, then the parameters are set up, and then the simulation is carried out for several times, and the comprehensive analysis and improvement of the implementation effect of congestion are carried out, and the pricing of toll collection on congested sections is carried out. Finally according to the modeling and simulation results presented in the form of specific charts the implementation of congestion charging strategy for reducing traffic congestion has an important significance to achieve the purpose of reducing traffic congestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491

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本文編號(hào)：2229631