【摘要】：高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道是指巖溶十分發(fā)育、規(guī)模較大,溶洞中存在大量的淤泥或水,在施工和運(yùn)行中存在巨大的涌水、突泥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的隧道工程,如果處治不當(dāng),給隧道工程界帶來的人身傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失極為慘重,輕則導(dǎo)致地面塌陷,耽誤工期,淹沒坑道、沖毀機(jī)具;重則造成人員傷亡,甚至導(dǎo)致整個(gè)工程報(bào)廢,改線、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化、居民被迫遷移等嚴(yán)重后果。目前,國內(nèi)外在處理巖溶隧道突水、涌泥的病害時(shí),通常采取注漿法,能較好的解決隧道突水、涌泥問題。其原理是在注漿時(shí),漿液以注漿孔為圓心,以一定的擴(kuò)散半徑在四周形成一個(gè)注漿圈,能加固圍巖,保證隧道在開挖時(shí)的穩(wěn)定性,并起到一定的封堵涌水的作用。注漿過程主要是受到三個(gè)方面的控制:漿液性能、被注介質(zhì)的特征、注漿參數(shù)。其中漿液性能是注漿過程三大要素之首,直接決定了隧道注漿工程的質(zhì)量與成敗。高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料對漿液性能要求:流動(dòng)性好、水下抗分散性強(qiáng)、強(qiáng)度高,且凝結(jié)時(shí)間可調(diào)�，F(xiàn)有的注漿材料用于防治高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道突水(泥)都存在明顯不足。本論文依托在建的湖北省�？抵烈瞬咚俟匪淼澜ㄔO(shè)工程開展研究。紅巖寺隧道為湖北省保(康)宜(昌)高速襄陽段中長度最大和埋深最大的一座分離式隧道,左洞長6678m,右洞長6739m。紅巖寺隧道是典型的越嶺隧道。隧道硐身穿越二疊系~三疊系可溶巖約3200m,巖溶水與巖溶堆積體發(fā)育,易發(fā)生大型地質(zhì)災(zāi)害。針對此,本課題擬研制適合防治高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道突水(泥)災(zāi)害的注漿材料,用于保宜高速公路隧道工程建設(shè)。本論文在國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,通過理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)、現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)與應(yīng)用、反饋修正等環(huán)節(jié),對高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)而深入地研究,得到了一系列研究成果,主要包括:(1)提出了高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料研制的性能控制指標(biāo)。當(dāng)前市場上注漿材料品種繁多,本課題首先按注漿材料的成分、注漿施工工藝的要求和漿液的適用范圍作了歸納與總結(jié);其次,根據(jù)漿液的性能,對現(xiàn)有的隧道注漿材料作了簡潔的歸納,針對隧道工程的實(shí)際需求,分析了市面上既有注漿材料的性能優(yōu)缺點(diǎn);最后,通過分析一般注漿工程注漿材料的性能指標(biāo)要求的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道實(shí)際特殊工況,建立了高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料的性能要求與各項(xiàng)性能控制指標(biāo)。(2)提出了研制高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料的組合設(shè)計(jì)方法。根據(jù)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料的性能分析,考慮到漿液應(yīng)具有良好的流動(dòng)性、水下抗分散性、耐久性,強(qiáng)度要高,凝結(jié)時(shí)間可控可調(diào),且安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)保。據(jù)此,提出了多種材料組合設(shè)計(jì)方案,為高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料的實(shí)驗(yàn)室研制提供理論支持與研制思路。(3)研制出了一種新型的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料。試驗(yàn)首先篩選出了高效水下抗分散劑,確定了水下抗分散劑的最佳摻量范圍,在確保漿液具有較好的水下抗分散性的基礎(chǔ)上,通過大量有序的試驗(yàn),對多種組合設(shè)計(jì)配置的漿液性能指標(biāo)逐一進(jìn)行檢測,優(yōu)選出了一組漿液工作性能優(yōu)秀的材料組合設(shè)計(jì),據(jù)此確定高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料的組成配方。此外,掌握了主要材料摻量對漿液的影響規(guī)律,分析了漿液的主要技術(shù)原理。最后,根據(jù)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,推薦漿液的最佳組合配比。(4)完成了高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料的現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)。介紹了注漿試驗(yàn)段的工程概況及隧道涌水情況,制定了注漿現(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)方案,闡述了隧道注漿的施工工藝過程和質(zhì)量控制關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),并對現(xiàn)場注漿試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié),歸納了注漿施工的注意事項(xiàng)�，F(xiàn)場試驗(yàn)表明,本項(xiàng)目研制的注漿材料工作性能良好,能有效防治隧道突水涌泥災(zāi)害與加固圍巖,應(yīng)用效果良好。本論文研制的新型高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)巖溶隧道注漿材料,其技術(shù)特點(diǎn)為:流動(dòng)性好,水下抗分散性強(qiáng),凝結(jié)時(shí)間可控可調(diào),早期強(qiáng)度高,抗動(dòng)水性能好,能有效防治隧道建設(shè)過程中突水涌泥等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,本研究成果經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會效益顯著,可適用于公路、鐵路隧道建設(shè)工程,并可用于過江隧道、海底隧道、地鐵等地下建設(shè)工程,應(yīng)用前景廣闊,對提升隧道行業(yè)的建設(shè)水平、確保隧道施工安全順利進(jìn)行具有積極的促進(jìn)作用。
[Abstract]:High-risk karst tunnel refers to the tunnel engineering which is very developed and large-scale karst cave contains a large amount of mud or water, and there is a huge risk of water gushing and mud bursting in the construction and operation. If improper treatment, it will bring heavy personal casualties and economic losses to the tunnel engineering circles, and eventually cause ground subsidence, delay the construction period and submerge. At present, the grouting method is usually adopted in dealing with the diseases of water inrush and mud inrush in karst tunnels at home and abroad, which can better solve the problems of water inrush and mud inrush in tunnels. The grouting process is mainly controlled by three aspects: the grouting performance, the characteristics of the injected medium and the grouting parameters. High-risk grouting materials for karst tunnels require good fluidity, strong underwater dispersion resistance, high strength, and adjustable setting time. Existing grouting materials are obviously inadequate in preventing and controlling water inrush (mud) in high-risk karst tunnels. The Hongyansi Tunnel is a separated tunnel with the longest length and the largest buried depth in Xiangyang section of Baokang-Yichang Expressway in Hubei Province. The left tunnel is 6678m long and the right tunnel is 6739m long. The Hongyansi Tunnel is a typical ridge-crossing tunnel. The karst water and karst accumulation are about 3200m, which are easy to occur large-scale geological disasters. In view of this, this paper intends to develop grouting materials suitable for the prevention and control of water inrush (mud) disasters in high-risk karst tunnels for the construction of Baoyi Expressway tunnels. A series of research results have been obtained, including: (1) The performance control index of grouting materials for high-risk karst tunnels has been put forward. There are many kinds of grouting materials on the market at present. The composition, the requirements of grouting construction technology and the applicable scope of grouting are summarized and summarized. Secondly, according to the properties of grouting, the existing grouting materials for tunnels are concisely summarized. According to the actual needs of tunnel engineering, the advantages and disadvantages of existing grouting materials on the market are analyzed. Finally, the grouting materials for general grouting engineering are analyzed. Based on the requirement of performance index and the actual special working condition of high-risk karst tunnel, the performance requirements and performance control indexes of high-risk karst tunnel grouting materials are established. (2) A combined design method for developing high-risk karst tunnel grouting materials is proposed. The grout should have good fluidity, anti-dispersion, durability, high strength, controllable setting time, safety, economy and environmental protection. Based on this, a variety of material combination design schemes are put forward, which provide theoretical support and development ideas for the laboratory development of high-risk grouting materials for Karst tunnels. (3) A new type of high-wind grouting materials is developed. The grouting materials for dangerous karst tunnels are screened out firstly, and the optimum dosage range of the underwater anti-dispersant is determined. On the basis of ensuring good underwater anti-dispersibility of the grout, through a large number of orderly tests, the grout performance indexes of various combinations of design configurations are tested one by one, and one is optimized. The composition of grouting materials for high-risk karst tunnels is determined according to the material combination design with excellent grouting performance. In addition, the influence law of the main material content on grouting is mastered, and the main technical principle of grouting is analyzed. Finally, according to the test results, the optimum grouting mixture ratio is recommended. (4) The high-risk karst tunnels are completed. The field test of grouting material is introduced. The general situation of the grouting test section and the water gushing situation of the tunnel are introduced. The grouting field test scheme is formulated. The key points of the construction process and quality control of the tunnel grouting are expounded. The field grouting test is summarized and the matters needing attention in the grouting construction are summarized. The grouting material has good working performance and can effectively prevent and control water inrush and mud inrush disaster and reinforce surrounding rock. The new high-risk grouting material for karst tunnel developed in this paper has the following technical characteristics: good fluidity, strong anti-dispersion under water, controllable setting time, high early strength, good anti-hydrodynamic performance, and can effectively prevent and control the tunnel. In the course of road construction, water gushing, mud gushing and other geological disasters, the research results are economic and social benefits are remarkable, which can be applied to highway and railway tunnel construction projects, and can also be used in river-crossing tunnels, submarine tunnels, subway and other underground construction projects. Extremely stimulative effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U454

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本文編號：2228431