【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)高速發(fā)展、城市化進(jìn)程逐步推進(jìn),城市交通問題,尤其是交通擁堵和環(huán)境污染日益嚴(yán)重,優(yōu)先發(fā)展城市公共交通逐漸成為大多數(shù)城市在制定交通發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略時(shí)的共識(shí)。以專用道為依托的城市快速公共交通系統(tǒng)由于具有運(yùn)行速度快、運(yùn)載能力高、投資較小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)得到大力推廣。由于規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)水平的限制和運(yùn)營(yíng)管理水平的不足等原因,快速公交在實(shí)際運(yùn)行中服務(wù)水平較低,達(dá)不到預(yù)期要求；而與此同時(shí),城市居民對(duì)公共交通系統(tǒng)服務(wù)質(zhì)量要求越來越高,導(dǎo)致了快速公交系統(tǒng)吸引力不足,運(yùn)載能力沒有得到充分發(fā)揮。對(duì)快速公交服務(wù)水平,尤其是主要影響因素的深入研究,有助于針對(duì)性的提出改善措施,增加快速公交吸引力,提高公交分擔(dān)率。本文研究的運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性正是這樣的關(guān)鍵影響因素,其對(duì)乘客的影響在乘坐舒適度影響因素中僅次于擁擠程度,而相關(guān)的研究較少,缺乏定量評(píng)價(jià),因此對(duì)快速公交運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性的評(píng)價(jià)具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文從分析快速公交運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性特性入手,以濟(jì)南BRT1-6號(hào)線的調(diào)查問卷和行駛記錄儀數(shù)據(jù)為研究的數(shù)據(jù)源,根據(jù)ISO振動(dòng)評(píng)價(jià)通行標(biāo)準(zhǔn),基于快速公交速度-時(shí)間特性計(jì)算運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性客觀指標(biāo)值,了解快速公交運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性的實(shí)際水平,并與調(diào)查得到的運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性主觀評(píng)價(jià)相對(duì)比；從乘客乘車過程中的3個(gè)實(shí)際感知層面——人與人、人與環(huán)境、人自身建立運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性影響因素集,運(yùn)用最優(yōu)尺度回歸模型對(duì)調(diào)查得到的各影響因素值進(jìn)行擬合,找出對(duì)各因素對(duì)運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性評(píng)價(jià)的影響大小。主要結(jié)論包括：(1)運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性對(duì)快速公交乘坐舒適度具有重要影響,平峰時(shí)段和高峰時(shí)段影響程度不同,但其影響程度在本文研究所列的舒適度6個(gè)影響因素中僅次于擁擠度,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于其他因素；(2)車內(nèi)衛(wèi)生對(duì)公交運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性評(píng)價(jià)具有重要影響,在平峰時(shí)段其對(duì)所有乘客運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性評(píng)價(jià)影響最大,在高峰時(shí)段其對(duì)所有乘客運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性評(píng)價(jià)的影響僅次于擁擠程度,在高峰時(shí)段其對(duì)普通群體(非老、幼、病、殘、孕)的影響最大；(3)月收入對(duì)乘客運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性評(píng)價(jià)有影響,但影響較小,無論在平峰還是高峰時(shí)段,其影響大小均排在前5位之外,倒數(shù)3位以內(nèi)。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于：(1)本文基于調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)分析得出,運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性對(duì)快速公交乘坐舒適度的影響程度；(2)本文從乘客感知的角度,分析了運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性的所有可能影響因素,為進(jìn)一步評(píng)價(jià)量化快速公交運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性鋪墊良好的基礎(chǔ)；(3)基于調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)快速公交的運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性進(jìn)行了初步的量化評(píng)價(jià),解析了不同因素對(duì)公交運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)性評(píng)價(jià)的顯著性和作用大小。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and rapid development of our economy and the progress of urbanization, urban traffic problems, especially traffic congestion and environmental pollution, are becoming more and more serious. Giving priority to the development of urban public transport has gradually become the consensus of most cities in formulating traffic development strategies. The urban rapid public transport system based on private lanes has been popularized because of its advantages of high speed, high transportation capacity and low investment. Because of the limitation of planning and design level and the insufficiency of operation management level, the service level of BRT is low in actual operation, and it can not meet the expected requirements; at the same time, Urban residents have more and more demands on the service quality of public transportation system, which leads to the lack of attraction of bus rapid transit system and the lack of full exertion of its carrying capacity. The deep research on the level of bus rapid transit service, especially the main influencing factors, is helpful to put forward the improvement measures, increase the attraction of bus rapid transit and increase the share rate of public transportation. The running smoothness of this paper is just such a key factor, its influence on passengers is second only to the degree of congestion in the influence factors of ride comfort, but the related research is less, lack of quantitative evaluation, Therefore, it has important theoretical and practical significance to evaluate the smooth operation of bus rapid transit. This paper starts with the analysis of the stationary characteristics of bus rapid transit, taking the questionnaire of Jinan BRT1-6 line and the data of the driving recorder as the data source, and according to the ISO vibration evaluation standard, Based on the speed and time characteristics of bus rapid transit, the objective index value of running smoothness is calculated, and the actual level of bus rapid transit running stability is understood, and compared with the subjective evaluation of the running smoothness obtained by the investigation. From the three practical perception levels in the process of passenger riding-people and people, people and environment, people themselves establish the set of factors that affect the stability of operation, and use the optimal scale regression model to fit the values of the factors obtained by the investigation. Find out the influence of each factor on the evaluation of running stability. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Operation smoothness has an important influence on the ride comfort of bus rapid transit, and the influence degree is different between the peak period and the peak period, but the degree of influence is second only to the crowding degree among the six influencing factors listed in this paper. (2) Intravehicular hygiene has an important impact on the evaluation of bus ride stability, and it has the greatest impact on all passengers in the peak period. During the peak hours, the impact of the evaluation on the running stability of all passengers is second only to the degree of congestion. During the peak hours, it has the greatest impact on the general population (not old, young, sick, disabled, pregnant); (3) monthly income has an impact on the evaluation of passenger running stability. However, the influence is small, both in the peak and peak period, the influence is in the top 5, and less than 3 in the bottom. The innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of survey data, it is concluded that the degree of influence of ride smoothness on the ride comfort of bus rapid transit; (2) from the perspective of passenger perception, this paper analyzes all the possible factors that affect the ride smoothness. In order to further evaluate the smooth operation of quantitative bus rapid transit on a good basis; (3) based on the survey data, the bus rapid transit smooth operation of the preliminary quantitative evaluation, The significance and effect of different factors on the evaluation of bus running stability are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U461.4;U491.17

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