發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-12 14:51

  本文選題：斑竹壟隧道 + 不良地質(zhì)體�。� 參考：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展和隧道工程技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,隧道修建長(zhǎng)度和埋深越來(lái)越大,工程中遇到的地質(zhì)問(wèn)題越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,給隧道施工帶來(lái)極大的安全隱患,必須采用各種方法對(duì)掌子面前方地質(zhì)條件進(jìn)行及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)報(bào)。探地雷達(dá)法具有準(zhǔn)確、無(wú)損、快速、成本低的特點(diǎn),被廣泛采用,但其解譯成果的可靠性和精度客觀上取決于對(duì)圍巖物理性質(zhì)的掌握程度。福建南龍鐵路斑竹壟隧道全長(zhǎng)約2.7km,地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜,圍巖穩(wěn)定性差,設(shè)計(jì)要求采用探地雷達(dá)法進(jìn)行短期超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報(bào)。因此,深入研究斑竹壟隧道圍巖特別是不良地質(zhì)體的地球物理特性,對(duì)提高探測(cè)成果的可靠性和解譯精度、確保隧道施工安全具有十分重要的意義。本文在研究分析巖土體材料和不良地質(zhì)體的地球物理特征的基礎(chǔ)上,討論了圍巖含水性對(duì)其介電性和導(dǎo)電性的影響,建立了不同類型的不良地質(zhì)體模型,應(yīng)用基于時(shí)域有限差分法的GPRMAX軟件,模擬分析了反射電磁波的相位、振幅和雙層走時(shí)等響應(yīng)特征;通過(guò)對(duì)斑竹壟隧道地質(zhì)雷達(dá)法探測(cè)成果與實(shí)際開(kāi)挖情況的對(duì)比,從定性和定量?jī)蓚�(gè)方面找出預(yù)報(bào)成果的影響因素,應(yīng)用反射波波幅法計(jì)算圍巖的相對(duì)介電常數(shù),綜合分析了斑竹壟隧道不良地質(zhì)體的電磁傳播特性及其響應(yīng)特征。研究表明,斑竹壟隧道圍巖中微風(fēng)化花崗巖、微風(fēng)化花崗閃長(zhǎng)巖的平均相對(duì)介電常數(shù)為7.4、7.8;強(qiáng)風(fēng)化炭質(zhì)粉砂巖、強(qiáng)風(fēng)化炭質(zhì)石英砂巖、中風(fēng)化炭質(zhì)石英砂巖、微風(fēng)化炭質(zhì)粉砂巖的平均相對(duì)介電常數(shù)為17.9、13.9、8.8、7.7;微風(fēng)化凝灰?guī)r的平均相對(duì)介電常數(shù)為8.0。同類圍巖風(fēng)化程度越嚴(yán)重,其相對(duì)介電常數(shù)越大。圍巖含水性增強(qiáng),則相對(duì)介電常數(shù)和電導(dǎo)率增大,電磁波波速變小;相對(duì)介電常數(shù)差異越大,反射波振幅越大;相對(duì)介電常數(shù)的相對(duì)大小決定了反射波與直達(dá)波相位的正反關(guān)系,反射系數(shù)為負(fù)值時(shí),多次反射明顯。充水和充泥溶洞上界面反射波與直達(dá)波相位相反,多次反射波相位正反交替。斷層破碎帶雷達(dá)反射波波形雜亂,同相軸錯(cuò)斷,能量衰減較快,可見(jiàn)弧形反射波同相軸組;雷達(dá)波主頻明顯減小,中心頻率相對(duì)分散。節(jié)理裂隙密集發(fā)育帶反射波波形雜亂,且能量衰減嚴(yán)重。軟弱夾層界面反射波同相軸平直、清晰,連續(xù)性好,下界面反射波一般較清晰,界面反射波與直達(dá)波相位相反。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's social economy and the progress of tunnel engineering technology, the length and depth of tunnel construction are becoming larger and larger, and the geological problems encountered in the project are becoming more and more complicated, which brings great hidden dangers to the tunnel construction. All kinds of methods must be used to forecast the geological conditions in time and accurately. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used because of its characteristics of accuracy, nondestructive, fast and low cost, but the reliability and accuracy of its interpretation results depend on the degree of mastery of the physical properties of surrounding rock. Due to the complex geological conditions and poor stability of surrounding rock, the tunnel of zebra-ridge in Nanlong railway of Fujian province is about 2.7 km in length. The design requirement is to use the method of ground penetrating radar to carry out short-term geological forecast ahead of time. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the geophysical characteristics of the surrounding rock of zezhulong tunnel, especially the bad geological body, to improve the reliability and interpretation accuracy of the exploration results and to ensure the safety of the tunnel construction. On the basis of studying and analyzing the geophysical characteristics of rock and soil materials and poor geological bodies, this paper discusses the influence of the water content of surrounding rock on its dielectric property and conductivity, and sets up different kinds of bad geological body models. Using GPRMAX software based on finite-difference time-domain method, the response characteristics of reflected electromagnetic wave such as phase, amplitude and double-layer travel time are simulated and analyzed. The influencing factors of prediction results are found out from qualitative and quantitative aspects. The relative dielectric constant of surrounding rock is calculated by means of reflection wave amplitude method. The electromagnetic propagation characteristics and response characteristics of bad geological bodies in porphyry ridge tunnel are comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the average relative permittivity of weathered granite in the surrounding rock of zezhulong tunnel is 7.4 ~ 7.8, that of strongly weathered carbonaceous siltstone, strongly weathered carbonaceous quartz sandstone, medium-weathered carbonaceous quartz sandstone, and that of moderately weathered carbonaceous quartz sandstone. The average relative dielectric constant of aeolian carbonaceous siltstone is 17.9 ~ 13.9m ~ 8.8m ~ 7.7and that of breezy tuff is 8.0. The more serious the weathering degree of the surrounding rock of the same kind, the greater the relative dielectric constant. The relative dielectric constant and conductivity increase, the velocity of electromagnetic wave becomes smaller, the greater the difference of relative dielectric constant, the larger the amplitude of reflected wave. The relative dielectric constant determines the positive and negative relationship between the phase of reflection wave and direct wave. When the reflection coefficient is negative, the multiple reflection is obvious. The phase of the interface reflection wave is opposite to that of the direct wave, and the phase of multiple reflection wave is positive and negative. In fault fracture zone, the radar reflection wave waveform is chaotic, the cophase axis is broken, the energy attenuation is fast, the visible arc reflection wave is in the same phase axis group, the main frequency of radar wave is obviously reduced, and the center frequency is relatively dispersed. The reflected wave waveforms of the dense fracture zone are chaotic and the energy attenuation is serious. The reflection wave of the interface of weak intercalation is straight, clear and continuous in the same phase. The reflection wave of the lower interface is generally clear, and the phase of the reflection wave of the interface is opposite to that of the direct wave.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U452.11

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