發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-16 04:09

  本文選題：城市道路交通突發(fā)事件 + 事件等級(jí)��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著近年來(lái)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,汽車(chē)保有量也大幅增加,導(dǎo)致城市道路交通系統(tǒng)供需矛盾日益增加,日常交通擁堵現(xiàn)象比較普遍,對(duì)日常交通組織和交通信號(hào)控制要求較高。近年來(lái)各類(lèi)突發(fā)事件頻繁發(fā)生,對(duì)城市交通系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的影響,會(huì)導(dǎo)致交通需求的劇增和城市交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,需要在較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)城市道路交通突發(fā)事件發(fā)生區(qū)域內(nèi)的人員進(jìn)行救援和疏散,以保證人員安全和疏散效率。本文在對(duì)城市道路交通突發(fā)事件界定的基礎(chǔ)上,從事件等級(jí)判定、應(yīng)急交通組織和應(yīng)急交通信號(hào)控制三個(gè)方面對(duì)城市道路交通突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急疏散策略進(jìn)行研究。首先,在分析城市道路交通突發(fā)事件特性的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)主要依據(jù)事件本身性質(zhì)及其對(duì)社會(huì)影響來(lái)進(jìn)行等級(jí)判定,沒(méi)有考慮突發(fā)事件下交通系統(tǒng)特性及救援保障能力對(duì)應(yīng)急疏散工作的影響,且多采用定性的事后分級(jí),本文在考慮事件本身因素和應(yīng)急交通組織因素的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了城市道路交通突發(fā)事件影響因素判斷指標(biāo)體系,利用模糊層次分析法進(jìn)行權(quán)重計(jì)算,從而構(gòu)建了城市道路交通突發(fā)事件等級(jí)判定模型。其次,在對(duì)常規(guī)交通組織方式分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合網(wǎng)絡(luò)變結(jié)構(gòu)控制理論,對(duì)應(yīng)急狀態(tài)下的路段和交叉口組織方式進(jìn)行分析,構(gòu)建基于車(chē)道建模的應(yīng)急交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型和相應(yīng)動(dòng)態(tài)交通分配模型,并利用宏觀仿真軟件TransCAD對(duì)其進(jìn)行求解,設(shè)計(jì)了應(yīng)急交通組織方案生成與優(yōu)化流程。然后,在對(duì)城市道路突發(fā)事件下交叉口交通流特性分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合相應(yīng)的應(yīng)急交通組織方式,從“綠波”交通控制的原理出發(fā),分別研究了無(wú)應(yīng)急救援車(chē)輛行駛的單向交通組織情況下的單向“綠波”交通控制模型和有應(yīng)急救援車(chē)輛行駛的單向交通和專(zhuān)用道結(jié)合交通組織情況下的雙向不等寬“綠波”交通控制模型,并利用Synchro軟件對(duì)“綠波”交通控制模型進(jìn)行了配時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化。最后,本文以蘭州市城關(guān)區(qū)酒泉路附近突發(fā)火災(zāi)為例,分別對(duì)事件等級(jí)判斷模型,應(yīng)急交通組織方式和應(yīng)急交通信號(hào)控制方案進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,并通過(guò)微觀仿真軟件VISSIM對(duì)采用應(yīng)急交通組織和信號(hào)控制前后交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行特性進(jìn)行仿真對(duì)比分析。本文以城市道路交通突發(fā)事件為研究對(duì)象,分別利用三角模糊數(shù)和模糊層次分析法、網(wǎng)絡(luò)變結(jié)構(gòu)控制原理以及基于車(chē)道建模的網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型等方面的知識(shí),對(duì)應(yīng)急疏散策略進(jìn)行研究,并借助不同交通仿真軟件來(lái)驗(yàn)證文中方法的可行性和實(shí)施應(yīng)急疏散策略后的效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy in recent years, the number of vehicles has increased dramatically, which leads to the increasing contradiction between supply and demand of urban road traffic system, the daily traffic congestion is relatively common, and the requirements of daily traffic organization and traffic signal control are higher. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of all kinds of unexpected events has brought serious impact on the urban traffic system, which will lead to a sharp increase in traffic demand and changes in the urban traffic network structure. In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of evacuation, it is necessary to rescue and evacuate the people in the emergency area of urban road traffic in a short time. Based on the definition of urban road traffic emergencies, this paper studies the emergency evacuation strategy of urban road traffic emergencies from three aspects: emergency rating, emergency traffic organization and emergency traffic signal control. First of all, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of urban road traffic emergencies, the traditional classification is mainly based on the nature of the event itself and its impact on the society. The impact of traffic system characteristics and rescue support ability on emergency evacuation is not considered, and qualitative classification is often used. This paper considers the factors of incident itself and emergency traffic organization. The index system of judging the influencing factors of urban road traffic emergencies is established, and the weight calculation is carried out by using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), thus the model of judging the grade of urban road traffic emergencies is constructed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the conventional traffic organization mode, combined with the network variable structure control theory, the road section and intersection organization mode under the emergency state are analyzed. The emergency traffic network model based on lane modeling and the corresponding dynamic traffic assignment model are constructed and solved by the macro simulation software TransCAD. The emergency traffic organization scheme generation and optimization process are designed. Then, based on the analysis of traffic flow characteristics of intersection under urban road emergencies, combined with the corresponding emergency traffic organization, starting from the principle of "green wave" traffic control, The one-way "green wave" traffic control model without the one-way traffic organization of emergency rescue vehicles and the bidirectional inequality of one-way traffic with emergency rescue vehicles and special lanes combined with traffic organization are studied respectively. Wide "green wave" traffic control model, Synchro software is used to design and optimize the green wave traffic control model. Finally, taking the sudden fire near Jiuquan Road in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City as an example, this paper verifies the judgment model of event grade, the organization mode of emergency traffic and the control scheme of emergency traffic signal, respectively. The traffic network operation characteristics before and after emergency traffic organization and signal control are compared and analyzed by microscopic simulation software VISSIM. In this paper, the urban road traffic emergencies as the research object, using triangular fuzzy number and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, network variable structure control principle and network model based on lane modeling, etc. This paper studies the emergency evacuation strategy and verifies the feasibility of the method and the effect after the implementation of the emergency evacuation strategy with the help of different traffic simulation software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王浩東;突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急交通疏散對(duì)策研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：1895376