本文選題：采空區(qū) + 急傾斜煤層��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)高速公路的迅速發(fā)展,全國(guó)公路網(wǎng)的不斷完善,許多公路將不可避免的穿越采空區(qū)上方。雖然國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)高速公路下伏采空區(qū)的治理已有了許多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn),在采空區(qū)的勘察設(shè)計(jì)、穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)和處治技術(shù)等方面積累了許多寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn),但總體來(lái)說(shuō),我國(guó)采空區(qū)高速公路建設(shè)技術(shù)還不算是成熟階段。由于各地公路下伏采空區(qū)的工程條件差別較大,新的工程實(shí)踐中仍然存在許多難題,尤其在考慮地表施工與運(yùn)營(yíng)荷載影響的采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)方法、評(píng)價(jià)依據(jù)、治理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及工程處置技術(shù)等方面,尚未形成系統(tǒng)的治理理論和技術(shù),無(wú)規(guī)范可循,也沒(méi)有成熟的工程設(shè)計(jì)體系可供借鑒和指導(dǎo),特別是對(duì)于急傾斜煤層采空區(qū)的處理問(wèn)題,還缺乏成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文針對(duì)急傾斜煤層的致災(zāi)機(jī)理和防治問(wèn)題,以新疆烏魯木齊繞城高速采空區(qū)治理工程為依托,采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)踏勘、理論分析與數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)急傾斜煤層采空區(qū)修建高速公路后的沉降趨勢(shì)、致災(zāi)機(jī)理與防治措施等進(jìn)行了研究,主要成果如下:⑴分析了影響急傾斜煤層采空區(qū)地表穩(wěn)定性的主要因素分為采礦因素和不良地質(zhì)因素�？偨Y(jié)了高速公路下伏急傾斜煤層采空區(qū)所引起的路基、橋梁、隧道和涵洞等產(chǎn)生不良病害情況。⑵分析了該工程中的小窯采空區(qū)和其他地勘資料中的空洞對(duì)高速公路路基穩(wěn)定性的影響。該項(xiàng)目中基底附加應(yīng)力的影響深度都能到達(dá)導(dǎo)水裂隙帶的范圍內(nèi),所以必須進(jìn)行采空區(qū)空洞的處理才能滿(mǎn)足路基的設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范要求。⑶利用FLAC軟件,建立了采空區(qū)上覆蓋層厚度對(duì)比模型和采空區(qū)安全煤柱頂寬對(duì)比模型。通過(guò)對(duì)比分析得到在采空區(qū)安全煤柱上方修建公路時(shí),采空區(qū)上覆蓋層不同高度和不同安全煤柱頂寬對(duì)地面穩(wěn)定性的影響。模擬結(jié)果表明:上覆蓋層在一定厚度內(nèi)存在著自穩(wěn)性,地表沉降的最大值隨著地層厚度的增加先增大后減小。煤層開(kāi)挖后,安全煤柱對(duì)地層的穩(wěn)定性起到了很大的作用,安全煤柱邊緣也產(chǎn)生了變形移動(dòng)區(qū)和變形破壞區(qū)。并且安全煤柱預(yù)留頂寬越寬,安全煤柱上方地層煤層開(kāi)挖后地表沉降值越小。⑷通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬,分析了該工程中,公路對(duì)采空區(qū)內(nèi)地表的穩(wěn)定性影響很大,必須進(jìn)行加固處理后,才能滿(mǎn)足路基的設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范要求。并根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際工況,總結(jié)歸納了采空區(qū)防治技術(shù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of highway in China and the continuous improvement of national highway network, many highways will inevitably cross the top of the goaf.Although there have been many years of experience in the treatment of goaf under freeway in China, many valuable experiences have been accumulated in the survey and design of goaf, stability evaluation and treatment technology, etc., but generally speaking,The construction technology of goaf expressway in China is not a mature stage.There are still many difficulties in new engineering practice, especially in the evaluation method of goaf stability considering the influence of surface construction and operation load.In the aspects of treatment standard and engineering disposal technology, there is no systematic governance theory and technology, no standard to follow, no mature engineering design system to be used for reference and guidance, especially for the treatment of goaf in steeply inclined coal seam.There is also a lack of successful experience.In view of the disaster mechanism and prevention of steep coal seam, based on the project of high speed goaf control in Urumqi, Xinjiang, this paper adopts the method of field exploration, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation calculation.In this paper, the settlement trend, disaster mechanism and prevention measures of freeway in goaf of steeply inclined coal seam are studied.The main results are as follows: 1. The main factors affecting the surface stability of goaf in steeply inclined coal seam are divided into mining factors and bad geological factors.The roadbed and bridge caused by goaf in steep inclined coal seam under expressway are summarized.The influence of cavities in small kiln goaf and other geological prospecting data on the stability of expressway roadbed is analyzed.In this project, the influence depth of the additional stress of the foundation can reach the range of the water-conducting fissure zone, so the cavities in the goaf must be treated in order to meet the requirements of the subgrade design code. 3. 3 using FLAC software.A comparison model of overburden thickness in goaf and a comparison model of roof width of safe coal pillar in goaf are established.Through the comparative analysis, the influence of different overburden height and different safety pillar top width on the ground stability is obtained when the highway is built above the safe coal pillar in goaf.The simulation results show that there is self-stability in a certain thickness of the overburden, and the maximum value of the surface subsidence increases first and then decreases with the increase of the formation thickness.After the coal seam is excavated, the safe coal pillar plays a great role in the stability of the formation, and the edge of the safe coal pillar also produces the deformation moving zone and the deformation failure zone.And the wider the width of the reserved top of the safety pillar, the smaller the ground subsidence value after the coal seam excavation above the safe coal pillar. Through the numerical simulation, it is analyzed that the highway has a great influence on the stability of the inner surface of the goaf in this project.It is necessary to reinforce the roadbed before it can meet the requirements of the subgrade design code.According to the actual working conditions, the prevention and cure technology of goaf is summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U412.2;U415.6

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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