本文選題：車載網(wǎng)絡(luò)　切入點(diǎn)：AODV協(xié)議　出處：《江南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),車載網(wǎng)作為現(xiàn)代智慧交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分越來(lái)越引起人們關(guān)注,它通過(guò)車輛與車輛之間以及車輛與基站之間的交互,實(shí)現(xiàn)二者的動(dòng)態(tài)通信,在現(xiàn)代交通管理、交通信息查詢、緩解交通堵塞以及預(yù)防交通事故發(fā)生等方面有很大的應(yīng)用前景。車載網(wǎng)是一種特殊的移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò),相較于傳統(tǒng)的移動(dòng)自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò),車載網(wǎng)有著車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)高速移動(dòng)性以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)劇烈變化性等特點(diǎn)。因此,如何提高車載網(wǎng)中數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的效率成為了研究的重點(diǎn)。從目前來(lái)看,車載網(wǎng)的研究重點(diǎn)是網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議。在車載網(wǎng)中,車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)是高速移動(dòng)的,這樣就導(dǎo)致了網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的劇烈變化,在加上建筑物的阻擋以及無(wú)線信道的不穩(wěn)定性,因此車載網(wǎng)的鏈路是極不穩(wěn)定的,鏈路極易斷裂。針對(duì)以上不足,本文提出了一種基于鏈路穩(wěn)定度的AODV路由協(xié)議,協(xié)議的改進(jìn)分別在路由發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)程和路由選擇過(guò)程。在路由發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)程中根據(jù)車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)方向計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)角,選擇在轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)角范圍內(nèi)的節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行廣播,用來(lái)減少網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的廣播冗余;在路徑建立的過(guò)程中,通過(guò)車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)速度和方向計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)剩余生存時(shí)間和到目的節(jié)點(diǎn)的投影長(zhǎng)度,并將二者綜合作為節(jié)點(diǎn)穩(wěn)定度,選擇穩(wěn)定度較高的節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),很大程度上解決了鏈路容易斷裂的問(wèn)題,使網(wǎng)絡(luò)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量大大提高。此外根據(jù)車載網(wǎng)本身的特點(diǎn),選擇穩(wěn)定的鏈路并不能完全解決鏈路斷裂的問(wèn)題,所以本文在此基礎(chǔ)上又對(duì)鏈路斷裂后的路由修復(fù)機(jī)制進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),提出了源路由與本地修復(fù)相結(jié)合的方式,并且在本地修復(fù)時(shí)通過(guò)選擇上下游節(jié)點(diǎn)中較穩(wěn)定的節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)起本地修復(fù)過(guò)程的方法,避免二次斷裂的發(fā)生。源路由修復(fù)和本地修復(fù)的選擇是通過(guò)判斷斷裂處的位置決定的,本地修復(fù)是通過(guò)比較斷裂處上下游節(jié)點(diǎn)的穩(wěn)定性參數(shù)決定的,通過(guò)對(duì)路由修復(fù)機(jī)制的改進(jìn),使網(wǎng)絡(luò)中數(shù)據(jù)包的傳遞更加高效穩(wěn)定。最后對(duì)真實(shí)的城市車輛場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行實(shí)況模擬,將上述改進(jìn)的協(xié)議應(yīng)用在真實(shí)場(chǎng)景產(chǎn)生的車載網(wǎng)中,分析城市道路中車輛鏈接的情況。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as an important part of modern intelligent transportation system, vehicle network has attracted more and more attention. Through the interaction between vehicle and vehicle and between vehicle and base station, it realizes the dynamic communication between vehicle and base station and realizes the modern traffic management. Traffic information query, traffic congestion relief and traffic accident prevention have great application prospects. Vehicle network is a special mobile ad hoc network, compared with the traditional mobile ad hoc network. Vehicle network has the characteristics of high-speed mobility of vehicle nodes and dramatic changes in network topology. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of data forwarding in vehicular networks has become the focus of research. The research focus of vehicular network is network protocol. In vehicular network, vehicle nodes are moving at high speed, which leads to drastic changes in network topology, in addition to building blocking and wireless channel instability. Therefore, the link of vehicular network is extremely unstable, and the link is easy to break. In view of the above shortcomings, a AODV routing protocol based on link stability is proposed in this paper. In the process of routing discovery, the forwarding angle is calculated according to the moving direction of the vehicle node, and the node in the range of forwarding angle is selected to broadcast, which is used to reduce the broadcast redundancy in the network. In the course of path establishment, the residual survival time and projection length to the destination node are calculated by the moving speed and direction of the vehicle node, and the nodes with high stability are selected to transmit the data. To a large extent, the problem of easy link breakage is solved and the quality of service of the network is greatly improved. In addition, according to the characteristics of the vehicular network, the problem of link breakage cannot be completely solved by selecting a stable link. On this basis, this paper improves the route repair mechanism after link break, and puts forward the combination of source routing and local repair. In order to avoid the occurrence of secondary breakage, the selection of source route repair and local repair is determined by judging the location of the fracture, by selecting the more stable nodes in the upstream and downstream nodes to initiate the local repair process. The local restoration is determined by comparing the stability parameters of the upstream and downstream nodes at the fracture location. Through the improvement of the routing repair mechanism, the transmission of data packets in the network is more efficient and stable. Finally, the real urban vehicle scene is simulated. The improved protocol is applied to the vehicle network generated by the real scene to analyze the situation of the vehicle link in the urban road.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;U495

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本文編號(hào)：1663547