本文選題：淺埋　切入點(diǎn)：大跨度　出處：《煙臺(tái)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展及物流運(yùn)輸體系的不斷完善,高速公路的規(guī)模逐年擴(kuò)大。伴隨公路設(shè)施的設(shè)計(jì)理論及施工技術(shù)水平的巨大進(jìn)步,大跨度公路隧道的技術(shù)門(mén)檻降低,建設(shè)量不斷增加。對(duì)處于淺埋軟弱圍巖條件下的大跨度隧道來(lái)說(shuō),大跨且扁平的斷面形狀具有完全不同于傳統(tǒng)圓形斷面的受力特點(diǎn),因而更易發(fā)生以坍塌為主的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害。合理的隧道開(kāi)挖支護(hù)方法是處置塌方災(zāi)害的首要手段,而雙側(cè)壁導(dǎo)坑法被證明是應(yīng)用于淺埋大跨度隧道開(kāi)挖支護(hù)的最理想方法。斷面跨度處于15~18m范圍內(nèi)的大跨度隧道在按照雙側(cè)壁導(dǎo)坑法施工時(shí),一次性開(kāi)挖并支護(hù)面積較大的導(dǎo)坑斷面具有一定困難,故采用上下臺(tái)階法進(jìn)行開(kāi)挖,且經(jīng)驗(yàn)上不在該條件下的側(cè)壁導(dǎo)坑施工中添加臨時(shí)橫支撐,這一構(gòu)件的缺失會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定,引發(fā)坍塌事故。因此,研究添加臨時(shí)橫支撐的必要性及不同設(shè)置條件下臨時(shí)橫支撐的支護(hù)效果具有重要意義。以榮烏高速公路營(yíng)爾嶺隧道為工程背景,通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘察和跟進(jìn)隧道施工,了解隧道淺埋段工程地質(zhì)特征、工程地質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)、隧道施工方法及流程。依據(jù)地層結(jié)構(gòu)法,結(jié)合有限元分析原理,使用Midas GTS NX巖土通用有限元分析軟件對(duì)營(yíng)爾嶺隧道淺埋軟弱圍巖段連續(xù)集中發(fā)生的坍塌事故進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,并對(duì)側(cè)壁導(dǎo)坑開(kāi)挖時(shí)導(dǎo)坑上臺(tái)階高度的選擇及不同結(jié)構(gòu)形式臨時(shí)仰拱的支護(hù)效果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析,得出以下結(jié)論:(1)側(cè)壁導(dǎo)坑分上下臺(tái)階開(kāi)挖時(shí),原設(shè)計(jì)支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)分段施作,且未添加臨時(shí)支撐使支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)封閉成環(huán),這是引起坍塌事故在較短距離內(nèi)連續(xù)發(fā)生的主要原因。添加臨時(shí)仰拱可以抑制支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)向洞內(nèi)的滑動(dòng)變形,控制沉降,改善圍巖受力條件,控制塑性區(qū)擴(kuò)展,有效防止坍塌事故集中發(fā)生。(2)針對(duì)隧道左、右線來(lái)說(shuō),導(dǎo)坑上臺(tái)階合理高度的選擇與臨時(shí)仰拱結(jié)構(gòu)形式的選擇是具有靈活性的,4m高的右洞右導(dǎo)坑上臺(tái)階及4.5m高的左洞左導(dǎo)坑上臺(tái)階采用素混凝土形式的臨時(shí)仰拱即可滿足安全需求,5m高的左洞左導(dǎo)坑上臺(tái)階及右洞右導(dǎo)坑上臺(tái)階則需要分別選擇剛度較大的20b工字鋼或鋼筋混凝土形式的臨時(shí)仰拱來(lái)滿足安全需求。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of China's economy and logistics transportation system more perfect, the highway scale has expanded each year. With the great progress of the level of design theory and construction technology of highway facilities, technical threshold of highway tunnel with large span is reduced, the construction quantity is increasing. In the shallow and large span tunnel in soft rock under the condition. Large span and flat section shape is completely different from the traditional circular cross-section stress characteristic, so it is more prone to geological disasters to collapse mainly. Reasonable tunnel excavation method is the primary means of disposal of landslide disasters, and the double side drift method is proved to be applied in large-span shallow tunnel is ideal method of supporting the excavation of a large span tunnel span section. The range of 15~18m in accordance with the method of double side construction, excavation and supporting one-time large heading off. Some difficulties, so step method used for excavation, and the experience is not in the side heading construction under the condition of adding temporary cross support, lack of this component will seriously affect the stability of supporting structure, lead to collapse. Therefore, adding the need for temporary cross support and different setting conditions under the support of the temporary cross supporting effect has important significance. In Ying'er Rong Wu highway tunnel as the engineering background, through on-site investigation and follow up the tunnel construction, understand the geological characteristics of shallow buried section of tunnel engineering, engineering geological evaluation, construction method and process of the tunnel. Based on the stratum structure method, combined with the principle of finite element analysis, the use of Midas GTS NX geotechnical finite element analysis software of Ying'er tunnel in shallow buried soft rock section of continuous collapse was simulated, and the side heading excavation step heading height Comparing and selection of different structural forms of temporary inverted arch supporting effect, draw the following conclusions: (1) the side heading on the excavation, the original design of supporting structure for supporting section, and did not add temporary support to the supporting structure into a closed loop, which is the main cause of continuous collapse in a short distance. Add temporary inverted arch support can restrain the deformation, the sliding support structure to control the settlement, improve the surrounding rock stress condition, control the expansion of plastic zone, effectively prevent the collapse accident occurred. (2) aiming at the left tunnel, the right line, heading on the reasonable height of step structure selection and temporary invert selection is flexible, the right hole heading 4m high level and high 4.5m level with the left hole left heading temporary inverted concrete arch form can satisfy the security requirements, left heading left hole 5m high level and Right right on the stage to heading hole respectively choose temporary inverted high stiffness 20b steel or reinforced concrete arch form to meet the safety requirements.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺(tái)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U458.3

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