本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高速公路 環(huán)境影響評價 評價指標體系 雙層DEA模型 GRA法 SE-DEA法　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國高速公路修建里程逐年增加,項目建設(shè)及高速公路投入營運都將產(chǎn)生不可忽略的環(huán)境問題,雖然建設(shè)期產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境影響是短時的,在施工期結(jié)束后可以消失,但是高速公路營運產(chǎn)生的長期影響是不可忽略的。本文提出在初步設(shè)計階段結(jié)束后,對高速公路使用年限內(nèi)將產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境影響進行逐年預(yù)測,以提出預(yù)防和改進的措施。高速公路環(huán)境影響評價指標選擇的合理與否是評價的關(guān)鍵之一,本文從建設(shè)項目對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的影響進行分析,結(jié)合相關(guān)的規(guī)范及已有研究成果,整理出分層評價指標體系。同時,考慮到高速公路建設(shè)產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境成本不可忽視性,提出了將環(huán)境成本作為評價指標的一大方面,并從交通產(chǎn)生的影響角度給出了環(huán)境成本主要兩個方面(環(huán)境保護恢復(fù)成本和環(huán)境污染治理成本)的計算公式。為了方便用戶選擇的靈活性,提出將高速公路環(huán)境影響評價指標分為必須指標和可選指標。高速公路環(huán)境影響是一個復(fù)雜多變的系統(tǒng),合理選擇評價綜合量化模型是進行科學的環(huán)境影響評價的又一個關(guān)鍵。本文在初步設(shè)計階段后對道路使用年限內(nèi)的環(huán)境影響進行逐年評價,評價單元具有相同的屬性,而本文建立的環(huán)境影響評價指標又是分層結(jié)構(gòu)體系,首次提出將雙層DEA模型應(yīng)用到高速公路環(huán)境影響評價中。對評價指標進行初步篩選以及深度處理,選擇對雙層DEA評價模型影響程度高的指標進行評價。考慮到指標之間的灰色關(guān)聯(lián)性,本文采用GRA與SE-DEA相結(jié)合的方法進行指標深度選擇,并與傳統(tǒng)的GRA篩選模型方法進行了對比,得出GRA與SE-DEA相結(jié)合的方法更有效。最后,以廣東省潮州至惠州路段的潮惠高速公路為實例進行評價研究,結(jié)果表明其在25年的使用年限內(nèi)有超過75%的年限相對效率等于1,說明該條高速公路未來年內(nèi)的環(huán)境影響程度是可以接受的。
[Abstract]:The mileage of expressway construction in our country increases year by year, the project construction and the expressway put into operation will produce the environment problem which can not be ignored, although the environmental impact produced during the construction period is short term. After the end of the construction period can disappear, but the long-term impact of highway operation can not be ignored. The environmental impact will be predicted year by year in order to put forward the measures of prevention and improvement. It is one of the keys to evaluate whether the selection of expressway environmental impact assessment index is reasonable or not. This paper analyzes the impact of construction projects on the environment, combines the relevant norms and existing research results, collates the hierarchical evaluation index system. At the same time. Considering that the environmental cost of expressway construction can not be ignored, the paper puts forward that the environmental cost should be regarded as an important aspect of the evaluation index. And from the point of view of the impact of traffic, the paper gives the calculation formulas of two main aspects of environmental cost (environmental protection recovery cost and environmental pollution control cost), in order to facilitate the flexibility of users' choice. The environmental impact assessment index of expressway is divided into necessary index and optional index. Expressway environmental impact is a complex and changeable system. Reasonable selection of comprehensive quantitative evaluation model is another key to scientific environmental impact assessment. This paper evaluates the environmental impact of road service life year by year after the preliminary design stage. The evaluation unit has the same attribute, and the environmental impact assessment index established in this paper is a hierarchical structure system. It is the first time to apply double-layer DEA model to highway environmental impact assessment. The indexes with high influence degree are selected to evaluate the double-layer DEA evaluation model. Considering the grey correlation between the indicators, this paper adopts the method of combining GRA and SE-DEA to select the index depth. And compared with the traditional GRA screening model, it is concluded that the combination of GRA and SE-DEA is more effective. Finally. Taking Chaohui Expressway from Chaozhou to Huizhou in Guangdong Province as an example, the results show that the relative efficiency of Chaohui Expressway has more than 75% years of service life in 25 years. This shows that the environmental impact of the highway in the coming year is acceptable.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U412;X82

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本文編號：1488217