本文關(guān)鍵詞： 二次事故 加速度 無線定位 路段匹配　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高速公路汽車連環(huán)撞擊事故居世界各國(guó)高速公路事故之首,具有連環(huán)追尾碰撞事故多,易造成交通堵塞或中斷,人員損失大、傷亡慘重,易引發(fā)火災(zāi)、“二次事故”,救援難度大的特點(diǎn)。如何減少高速公路連環(huán)撞擊事件的發(fā)生更是國(guó)內(nèi)外智能交通發(fā)展的焦點(diǎn)問題。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外智能交通的發(fā)展主要側(cè)重在主動(dòng)避讓方面,諸如車車通信,車路通信,車速檢測(cè),車距檢測(cè),周期性網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣播等,旨在為駕駛員爭(zhēng)取足夠的時(shí)間,采取相應(yīng)措施,避免首次事故的發(fā)生。一旦事故已經(jīng)發(fā)生,這樣的提醒已經(jīng)不能夠給駕駛員足夠的反應(yīng)時(shí)間,尤其是當(dāng)能見度較低,如夜間或霧霾天氣等情況下,更容易造成連環(huán)撞車事故。本文將加速度采集,GPS車輛定位,路段匹配,無線通信技術(shù)相結(jié)合,旨在設(shè)計(jì)一款能夠在能見度低的情況下,有效預(yù)防二次事故的預(yù)警裝置。采用超低功耗MSP430單片機(jī)作為CPU控制模塊,實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)車輛的加速度和速度信息,準(zhǔn)確進(jìn)行事故判斷;準(zhǔn)確定位車輛的位置,經(jīng)度,緯度,時(shí)間等信息;事故發(fā)生后,實(shí)時(shí)傳送數(shù)據(jù),在通信有效范圍內(nèi)的車輛間進(jìn)行通信;路段匹配,監(jiān)測(cè)到車輛可能發(fā)生連環(huán)撞擊時(shí)自動(dòng)報(bào)警。為了提高車禍判定的準(zhǔn)確度和可靠度,本文采用劇烈變化的加速度作為車禍判定的重要參數(shù)之一,將其引入高速公路車載防連環(huán)撞預(yù)警裝置。通過改良加速度傳感器外圍電路,有效提高加速度信號(hào)的“信噪比”。大大提高了測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性,更加有利于防連環(huán)撞預(yù)警平臺(tái)的前期車禍判定。由于首次事故后,事故車輛可能對(duì)同向后方行駛的車輛造成影響。采用GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)與路段匹配算法相結(jié)合,能夠準(zhǔn)確進(jìn)行同向前后車判斷,有效提高了預(yù)警的準(zhǔn)確性。能為駕駛員爭(zhēng)取一定的時(shí)間,采取相應(yīng)措施避免連環(huán)撞擊事件,對(duì)降低二次事故的發(fā)生率起到重要作用。
[Abstract]:The expressway automobile serial impact accident ranks first among the expressway accidents in the world, which has many serial rear-end collision accidents, which is easy to cause traffic jam or interruption, heavy loss of personnel, heavy casualties, and easily lead to fire. "second accident". Rescue difficult characteristics. How to reduce the occurrence of highway impact incidents is the focus of the development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad. At present, the development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad is mainly focused on active avoidance. Such as vehicle-vehicle communication, vehicle-road communication, vehicle speed detection, vehicle distance detection, periodic network broadcasting and so on, in order to buy enough time for drivers to take appropriate measures. Avoid the first accident. Once the accident has occurred, such a warning can no longer give the driver sufficient response time, especially when visibility is low, such as night or haze weather. This paper combines acceleration acquisition GPS vehicle positioning, road section matching and wireless communication technology to design a model that can be used in the case of low visibility. The ultra-low power MSP430 single chip microcomputer is used as the CPU control module to monitor the acceleration and speed information of the vehicle in real time and to judge the accident accurately. Accurate location of vehicle position, longitude, latitude, time and other information; After the accident happens, the data is transmitted in real time, and the communication is carried out among the vehicles within the effective range of communication. In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the car accident determination, this paper uses the sharply varying acceleration as one of the important parameters of the car accident determination. By improving the peripheral circuit of acceleration sensor, the signal-to-noise ratio of acceleration signal is improved effectively, and the reliability of measurement data is greatly improved. More conducive to the prevention of chain collision warning platform of the pre-accident judgment. Due to the first accident. The accident vehicle may have an impact on the vehicle driving in the same direction. The combination of GPS global positioning system and the road section matching algorithm can accurately judge the same direction forward and rear vehicles. It can effectively improve the accuracy of early warning, buy a certain time for the driver, take corresponding measures to avoid serial collision events, and play an important role in reducing the incidence of secondary accidents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U495

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本文編號(hào)：1444733