本文關(guān)鍵詞：地基雷達(dá)在橋梁微變形監(jiān)測中的應(yīng)用研究　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地基雷達(dá) IBIS-S SF-CW 橋梁微變形監(jiān)測

【摘要】：地基雷達(dá)(Ground Based radar,GB-radar)是當(dāng)今建筑物變形觀測領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)新型監(jiān)測設(shè)備,它使用微波信號(hào)對監(jiān)測目標(biāo)非接觸式掃描測量,不同于常規(guī)的全站儀、水準(zhǔn)儀、GPS等單點(diǎn)測量,其一個(gè)個(gè)的面狀掃描單元具有很高的空間分辨率和監(jiān)測精度,其將步進(jìn)頻率連續(xù)波技術(shù)和干涉測量技術(shù)相結(jié)合而構(gòu)成地面微波干涉雷達(dá)系統(tǒng),獲取高精度、高分辨率的變形信息,實(shí)現(xiàn)對地面目標(biāo)的靜動(dòng)態(tài)高精度監(jiān)測。本文研究的地基雷達(dá)設(shè)備IBIS-S(Image by Interferometric Survey,IBIS)系統(tǒng)是由意大利IDS公司和佛羅倫薩大學(xué)經(jīng)過6年合作研發(fā)的儀器,能夠?qū)δ繕?biāo)物提供連續(xù)、全面的監(jiān)測。IBIS-S主要用于對橋梁、建筑物、高塔等易發(fā)生微小變化的物體進(jìn)行精確的監(jiān)測,能夠得到被測物每部分的位移變化量,分析建筑物或橋梁上每一個(gè)點(diǎn)的變形、振動(dòng)情況。針對該系統(tǒng)在橋梁微變形監(jiān)測領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下：(1)本文首先對IBIS-S系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的軟硬件組成、設(shè)備技術(shù)參數(shù)及工作原理進(jìn)行介紹；比較詳細(xì)的描述了IBIS-S測量基本原理。(2)研究中驗(yàn)證了IBIS-S測量精度,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對IBIS-S系統(tǒng)與傳統(tǒng)設(shè)備進(jìn)行對比,在與游標(biāo)卡尺和全站儀的對比模擬變形實(shí)驗(yàn)中,驗(yàn)證其靜態(tài)測量精度優(yōu)于±0.1mm。(3)重點(diǎn)研究了IBIS-S在測量中存在的誤差,儀器安置、數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)換和環(huán)境因素對測量結(jié)果的影響。通過對儀器前后左右微小移動(dòng),得出其在測量目標(biāo)徑向方向上受影響較大,在測量中必須精確安置儀器。在不同環(huán)境中實(shí)驗(yàn)測量結(jié)果受環(huán)境影響的誤差,找到兩種消除IBIS-S環(huán)境因素影響的方法：公式改正法和參考基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)修正法,可以消除大部分環(huán)境誤差影響。測量目標(biāo)物的距離遠(yuǎn)近對IBIS-S靜態(tài)測量結(jié)果有很大影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí),測量目標(biāo)物的距離在80m范圍內(nèi),測量精度優(yōu)于±0.1mm；在200m范圍內(nèi),測量精度優(yōu)于±0.23mm;在300m范圍內(nèi),測量精度優(yōu)于±0.40mm。(4)本文根據(jù)IBIS-S測量數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn),對只能單次測量目標(biāo)變形進(jìn)行改進(jìn),設(shè)計(jì)了多期數(shù)據(jù)連接方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)不同時(shí)期觀測數(shù)據(jù)能夠連接,達(dá)到長期監(jiān)測目標(biāo)變形的目的。通過在高架橋的工程實(shí)例,詳細(xì)說明了該方法的原理和實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟。IBIS儀器測量長期變形需固定架設(shè)位置長期不動(dòng),而實(shí)現(xiàn)IBIS多期測量數(shù)據(jù)的連接,可克服此缺點(diǎn),提高了儀器的利用率。IBIS靜態(tài)形變測量精度±0.1mm完全滿足橋梁變形監(jiān)測的要求。
[Abstract]:Ground based radar (Ground Based radar, GB-radar) is a new type of monitoring equipment in building deformation observation field, it uses the microwave signal to monitoring non scanning measurement, different from the conventional total station, level GPS, the single point measurement, a planar scanning unit with high space the resolution and precision of monitoring, the stepped frequency continuous wave technique and interferometric techniques are combined to form a ground-based microwave Interferometric Radar system, obtaining high precision, high resolution deformation information, achieve high-precision monitoring of static and dynamic targets on the ground. This paper studies the ground radar equipment IBIS-S (Image by Interferometric Survey, IBIS) system by the Italy IDS and the University of Florence after the instrument development 6 years of cooperation, to provide continuous monitoring of the object,.IBIS-S is mainly used for comprehensive buildings on the bridge, the tower. Accurate monitoring and prone to small changes of objects can be measured displacement of each part of the content, analysis of a building or bridge on every point of the deformation and vibration. The application of this system in the field of micro deformation monitoring of the bridge, the main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) firstly the hardware and software of IBIS-S system equipment, equipment technical parameters and working principle were introduced; a more detailed description of the basic principle of IBIS-S measurement. (2) study verified the measurement accuracy of IBIS-S, through the experiment on the IBIS-S system and the traditional equipment were compared in comparison with vernier caliper and total station deformation simulation experiment and verify the static measurement accuracy is better than 0.1mm. (3) focuses on the errors existing in the measurement of IBIS-S in instrument placement, data conversion and calculation of influence of environmental factors on the measurement result. Based on the former instrument After about the micro movement, in the measurement of target radial direction influenced by, in the measurement must be accurate placement of instruments. The experimental results in different environment affected by the environment error method to find the effects of two environmental factors: the elimination of IBIS-S correction formula method and reference point correction method can eliminate the influence of most of the environment the error of measurement. The target distance has great influence on static IBIS-S measurement results, the measurement of the target distance in the range of 80m, measurement accuracy is better than 0.1mm; in the range of 200m, the measurement accuracy is better than 0.23mm; in the range of 300m, measurement accuracy is better than 0.40mm. (4) according to the characteristics of IBIS-S measurement data, only a single measurement of object deformation is improved, the design of multi period data connection method, realize the different periods of observation data can be connected, a long period monitoring targets The shape on the viaduct. Through engineering examples, detailed description and implementation steps of.IBIS instrument measuring principle of the method of long-term deformation of fixed location to set up the long-term real, and the realization of IBIS connection multi period measurement data, which can overcome this shortcoming, improve the instrument utilization rate of.IBIS static deformation measurement accuracy of 0.1mm completely to meet the requirements of bridge deformation monitoring.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U446

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