發(fā)布時間：2018-02-04 23:17

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 船體零件 切割路徑優(yōu)化 智能算法 軟件接口 應(yīng)用軟件 切割效率　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著近年來造船市場的低迷,各大船廠都在深挖潛能,提高自身效率來獲取更大效益。在黃海造船有限公司(以下簡稱黃海造船),船體零件切割是船舶現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)制造中的第一道工序,在公司設(shè)備和工作時間確定的情況下,提高零件切割的效率就需要在實際生產(chǎn)中解決切割點火次數(shù)多、切割空走路徑長等問題。本文的研究旨在如何在黃海造船現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)條件的基礎(chǔ)上,通過引進船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件,并按照現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)特點進行二次開發(fā),對軟件按照現(xiàn)場施工需要進行優(yōu)化改進,完善軟件功能,使其成為能夠為現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)所用的優(yōu)化軟件,實現(xiàn)減少數(shù)控切割空走距離,減少等離子切割嘴的點火次數(shù),達到節(jié)能減排,提高生產(chǎn)效率的目的。本文根據(jù)黃海造船現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)過程中數(shù)控車間零件切割的流程與特點,結(jié)合船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化的理論知識,進行的研究的工作如下：(1)對路徑優(yōu)化進行理論學(xué)習(xí),首先根據(jù)哥尼斯堡七橋問題和歐拉定理對數(shù)控切割的零件進行數(shù)學(xué)建模,將船體零件建模轉(zhuǎn)化成點與線,將實際的零件切割問題轉(zhuǎn)化成數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過算法來解決數(shù)學(xué)問題,并尋求零件切割的最優(yōu)解。在理論學(xué)習(xí)的同時,也考慮了黃海造船的實際生產(chǎn)問題,讓理論研究更切合黃海造船的生產(chǎn)實際。本文主要應(yīng)用的是雙邊橋法與最小生成樹算法。(2)對黃海造船新廠數(shù)控切割設(shè)備進行了解,主要包括：設(shè)備型號、設(shè)備機載電腦的型號等,通過對設(shè)備的研究與實驗得出加密GM指令的定義；通過對套料軟件的研究得出切割指令的生成模式,研究如何將套料軟件生成的指令轉(zhuǎn)化為船體零件路徑優(yōu)化軟件可執(zhí)行的文件；通過對套料軟件的研究找到套料軟件與船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件的指令共同點,尋找兩個軟件的接口,實現(xiàn)代碼的順利轉(zhuǎn)化,并在計算機端通過模擬運行驗證軟件的可行性。(3)研究黃海造船數(shù)控切割現(xiàn)狀,將船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件運用到實際生產(chǎn)之中。分析船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件在實際生產(chǎn)中遇到的問題,將切割嘴刮碰問題分為兩類,一類是切割順序問題,一類是切割補償量不足問題；并在理論上通過優(yōu)化切割順序,調(diào)整切割補償量等方法來解決問題,通過大量的實驗來驗證解決問題的辦法,在問題解決后進行大量切割實驗進行數(shù)據(jù)收集與統(tǒng)計,將軟件順利地運用到日常生產(chǎn)之中。分析運用船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件之前與之后的生產(chǎn)效率對比,從切割空走距離、等離子切割嘴點火次數(shù)等方面進行數(shù)據(jù)對比來驗證船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件在實際生產(chǎn)中的優(yōu)越性。并通過大量的現(xiàn)場實驗數(shù)據(jù)來證明船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件應(yīng)用到生產(chǎn)的可行性,最終將船體零件切割路徑優(yōu)化軟件逐步運用到黃海造船的實際生產(chǎn)之中。
[Abstract]:With the downturn of shipbuilding market in recent years, the shipyards are digging their potential and improving their own efficiency to obtain greater benefits. In Huang Hai Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Huang Hai Shipbuilding). Hull parts cutting is the first working procedure in the production and manufacture of the ship. Under the condition of the equipment and working time of the company, it is necessary to solve the cutting ignition times in actual production to improve the efficiency of the parts cutting. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the software of cutting path optimization of hull parts on the basis of the existing production conditions of Huang Hai shipbuilding, and to carry out secondary development according to the characteristics of field production. The software is optimized and improved according to the needs of field construction, and the function of the software is perfected to make it an optimized software which can be used in the field production, and to reduce the distance between the NC cutting and the air walking. To reduce the number of ignition of plasma cutting nozzle, achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction, improve production efficiency. This paper according to Huang Hai shipbuilding site production process of NC workshop parts cutting process and characteristics. Combined with the theoretical knowledge of hull parts cutting path optimization, the research work is as follows: 1. Firstly, according to the Gothenburg Seven Bridge problem and Euler Theorem, the numerical control cutting part is modeled, and the hull part modeling is transformed into point and line, and the actual part cutting problem is transformed into mathematical model. Through the algorithm to solve mathematical problems, and to find the optimal solution of parts cutting. While learning the theory, we also consider the actual production of Huang Hai shipbuilding. The main application of this paper is bilateral bridge method and minimum spanning tree algorithm. On the basis of the research and experiment of the equipment, the definition of the encryption GM instruction is obtained. Based on the research of the nesting software, the generating mode of the cutting instruction is obtained, and how to convert the instruction generated by the nesting software into the executable file of the Hull part path optimization software is studied. Through the research of the nesting software, the common command between the nesting software and the Hull part cutting path optimization software is found, and the interface of the two softwares is found to realize the smooth transformation of the code. At the end of the computer, the feasibility of the software is verified by simulation. (3) the current situation of Huang Hai shipbuilding NC cutting is studied. The cutting path optimization software of hull parts is applied to actual production. The problems encountered in actual production are analyzed and the cutting nozzle scraping problem is divided into two categories. One is the problem of cutting order, the other is the problem of insufficient amount of compensation. And in theory by optimizing the cutting sequence, adjusting the amount of cutting compensation to solve the problem, through a large number of experiments to verify the solution. After solving the problem, a large number of cutting experiments were carried out to collect data and statistics, and the software was successfully applied to daily production. The production efficiency before and after the use of Hull parts cutting path optimization software was analyzed and compared. Walk from the cutting air. In order to verify the superiority of the software of cutting path optimization of hull parts in actual production, the data of ignition times of plasma cutting nozzle were compared in order to verify the optimization of cutting path of hull parts by a large number of field experimental data. The feasibility of software application to production. Finally, the hull parts cutting path optimization software is gradually applied to the actual production of Huang Hai shipbuilding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U671.2

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本文編號：1491431