【摘要】：非均質(zhì)材料通常是由不同材料或相組成的復(fù)合材料,由于它具有高強(qiáng)度、耐高溫、耐腐蝕、高韌性、抗氧化等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而被廣泛應(yīng)用于建筑、機(jī)械、電子以及航空航天等領(lǐng)域。該種材料往往有多相成分組成,因而其研究方法不同于均質(zhì)材料。非均質(zhì)材料的數(shù)值模型主要有宏觀模型、細(xì)觀模型和多尺度模型。細(xì)觀模型能真實(shí)地反映材料內(nèi)部的損傷與失效現(xiàn)象而被廣泛采用。建立能夠客觀反映其細(xì)觀結(jié)構(gòu)特性及損傷演化關(guān)系的數(shù)值模型,是進(jìn)行細(xì)觀數(shù)值研究的前提和基礎(chǔ)。國(guó)內(nèi)外很多學(xué)者提出了不少損傷模型,但是大部分模型較為復(fù)雜或者參數(shù)較多,實(shí)際的工程應(yīng)用非常困難。內(nèi)聚力模型由于其較為簡(jiǎn)潔,又能夠準(zhǔn)確地模擬許多工程斷裂問(wèn)題而成為一個(gè)研究的熱點(diǎn)。然而真正利用內(nèi)聚力模型來(lái)研究非均質(zhì)材料的損傷與破壞,模擬其任意裂紋的擴(kuò)展,目前國(guó)內(nèi)外還是相對(duì)少見(jiàn),還有很多問(wèn)題有待完善或者解決。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文基于三種數(shù)值建模方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩種典型非均質(zhì)材料(混凝土和非均質(zhì)焊錫合金材料)細(xì)觀模型的構(gòu)建。改進(jìn)了常用建模方法中存在的模型過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)化和建模流程過(guò)于繁瑣的缺點(diǎn),提高了建模的效率。同時(shí),采用改進(jìn)的內(nèi)聚力模型對(duì)非均質(zhì)材料損傷與斷裂失效進(jìn)行了研究,得到了和實(shí)驗(yàn)較為吻合的模擬結(jié)果。針對(duì)內(nèi)聚力模型參數(shù)難以確定的問(wèn)題提出了一種基于卡爾曼濾波算法的反演優(yōu)化方法,并采用兩種反演方案確定了相關(guān)的內(nèi)聚力模型參數(shù)。本文的主要研究工作包含以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)基于圖像處理方法(圖像法)和隨機(jī)骨料自動(dòng)生成程序(程序法)對(duì)非均質(zhì)材料細(xì)觀模型的建模方法開(kāi)展了研究。提高了原有圖像法中骨料輪廓的識(shí)別效率,簡(jiǎn)化了其建模流程,改善了現(xiàn)有程序法中存在的模型過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)化的問(wèn)題。同時(shí),提出了圖像法和程序法相結(jié)合的建模方法,從而能夠更加精確地表征非均質(zhì)材料的真實(shí)細(xì)觀結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)采用改進(jìn)的雙線型內(nèi)聚力模型,編寫了ABAQUS用戶單元自定義子程序(VUEL),對(duì)混凝土材料和非均質(zhì)焊錫材料的損傷和失效進(jìn)行了模擬分析。同時(shí),提出了一套內(nèi)聚力單元自動(dòng)植入的程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)方法,在提高計(jì)算效率的同時(shí)也大大簡(jiǎn)化了建模工作。最后通過(guò)典型的算例驗(yàn)證了上述方法的合理性。(3)提出了一種基于卡爾曼濾波算法的反演優(yōu)化方法,采用分步優(yōu)化法和能量法兩種反演方案確定了指數(shù)型內(nèi)聚力模型參數(shù)。首先,針對(duì)不同的載荷模式分別采用DCB試樣和SLJ試樣研究了無(wú)鉛焊錫/銅界面層的破壞情況。然后,采用偽實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)從不同的角度對(duì)反演方法的有效性和可靠性進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。最后,結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和模擬數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)兩種不同載荷模型下的內(nèi)聚力模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行反演識(shí)別。(4)鑒于非均質(zhì)材料數(shù)值建模過(guò)程過(guò)于繁瑣的缺點(diǎn),本文開(kāi)發(fā)了一套基于C語(yǔ)言的具有交互界面的非均質(zhì)材料數(shù)值建模系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)整合了多種數(shù)值建模方法和內(nèi)聚力單元的植入方法,非常方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)了非均質(zhì)材料有限元模型的構(gòu)建。
[Abstract]:The non-homogeneous material is usually a composite material composed of different materials or phases, and is widely used in the fields of building, machinery, electronics and aerospace, due to the advantages of high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high toughness, oxidation resistance and the like. This kind of material often has multi-phase composition, so its research method is different from the homogeneous material. The numerical model of the non-homogeneous material mainly has the macro-model, the micro-model and the multi-scale model. The micro-model can truly reflect the damage and failure phenomenon inside the material and is widely used. The numerical model, which can objectively reflect the relationship between the microstructural characteristics and the damage evolution, is the premise and foundation of the mesoscopic numerical study. Many scholars at home and abroad have put forward many damage models, but most of the models are more complex or more parameters, and the practical engineering application is very difficult. The cohesive force model has become a hot spot of a study because of its simple and accurate simulation of many engineering fracture problems. However, using the cohesive force model to study the damage and damage of the non-homogeneous material, and to simulate the expansion of any crack, it is still relatively rare at home and abroad, and there are still many problems to be perfected or solved. In view of the above problems, the micro-model of two typical non-homogeneous materials (concrete and non-homogeneous solder alloy material) is constructed based on three numerical modeling methods. The defect that the model of the common modeling method is too simplified and the modeling process is too complicated is improved, and the modeling efficiency is improved. At the same time, an improved cohesive force model was used to study the damage and fracture failure of non-homogeneous material. An inversion optimization method based on the Kalman filter algorithm is proposed in order to determine the parameters of the cohesive force model, and the relevant cohesive force model parameters are determined by the two inversion schemes. The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: (1) The modeling method of the non-homogeneous material meso-model is studied based on the image processing method (image method) and the random aggregate automatic generation program (procedural law). the identification efficiency of the aggregate profile in the original image method is improved, the modeling process is simplified, and the problem that the model existing in the prior art law is too simplified is improved. At the same time, the modeling method of the combination of the image method and the procedural law is put forward, so that the real micro-structure of the non-homogeneous material can be more accurately characterized. (2) Using the improved double-wire cohesion model, the ABAQUS User-Defined Subprogram (VULEL) was written, and the damage and failure of the concrete and the non-homogeneous solder material were simulated and analyzed. At the same time, a method for realizing the automatic implantation of the cohesive unit is proposed, and the modeling work is also greatly simplified while the calculation efficiency is improved. Finally, the rationality of the above method is verified by a typical example. (3) An inversion optimization method based on the Kalman filter is proposed, and the parameter of the index type cohesion model is determined by the two inversion schemes of the step-by-step optimization method and the energy method. First, the damage of lead-free solder/ copper interface layer was studied by using DCB and SLJ samples for different load modes. Then, the validity and the reliability of the inversion method are verified by using the pseudo-experimental data. Finally, the cohesive force model parameters under two different load models are identified by combining the experimental data and the simulation data. (4) In view of the disadvantage that the non-homogeneous material numerical modeling process is too complicated, this paper develops a set of non-homogeneous material numerical modeling system with interactive interface based on Clanguage. The system integrates a number of numerical modeling methods and an implantation method of the cohesive unit, and the construction of the non-homogeneous material finite element model is realized very conveniently.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB33

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