發(fā)布時間：2018-10-31 20:21

【摘要】：納米吸墨材料以其鮮明的色彩表達能力、優(yōu)良的色彩打印效果等優(yōu)點近年來得到迅猛發(fā)展。吸墨材料最終質(zhì)量的好壞很大程度上由吸墨材料中吸墨層的性能決定。然而,目前產(chǎn)業(yè)化的吸墨材料存在吸收性差,印刷性不好等缺點,限制了其應(yīng)用。本文的目的是構(gòu)建性能優(yōu)異可控的納米吸墨材料。在本文中首先對基材改性進行了研究,接著對不同種類的納米粒子對吸墨材料性能的影響進行了探討,并以不同粒徑和比表面積的納米二氧化硅為研究對象,研究了同種納米組分對吸墨材料性能的影響及性能增強機理,最后考察了膠粘劑用量對納米吸墨材料的性能影響。PET薄膜是弱極性的高分子材料,其親水性能比較差,因而須對其在涂裝前進行預(yù)處理。利用低溫等離子體處理技術(shù)對吸墨材料所用PET薄膜進行表面改性,通過變化不同的處理時間與處理功率來改善PET表面的潤濕性,從而為得到高品質(zhì)的納米吸墨材料奠定堅實的基礎(chǔ)。通過對低溫等離子體處理后基材PET表面粗糙度、表面元素、表面形貌、表面接觸角和表面能等的表征發(fā)現(xiàn),低溫等離子體改性通過改變PET薄膜表面的含氧量,極性官能團增加,表面粗糙度變大,增加了PET界面處的空間機械鎖合作用,提高了PET與膠粘劑間的界面粘結(jié)性能。改性之前C=O官能團的含量為零,在改性時間為20s時其含量增加到13.37%。另通過測試發(fā)現(xiàn)低溫等離子對PET改性具有時效性,且其力學(xué)性能在改性前后發(fā)生微小的變化。從表3-5中可以看出,PET薄膜在改性之前,在對C1s譜圖進行分峰時,在譜圖中C-C(284.80e V)、C-O(C-OH)(285.78e V)、O=C-O(COOH)(286.90e V)這些官能團幾乎不存在。對經(jīng)過等離子體改性的PET進行分峰,C-C、C-O(C-OH))、O=C-O(COOH)這幾個官能團的含量均有增加,尤其是C=O官能團和O=C-O官能團,未改性之前它們的含量為零。改性后C=O官能團在改性時間為10s時其含量增加到12.83%,在其改性時間為20s時其含量增加到13.37%。而改性后O=C-O官能團在改性時間為10s時其含量增加到14.01%,在其改性時間為20s時其含量增加到17.46%。改性后PET表面C=O官能團的增加,也表明PET的極性得到了改善。極性的改善將直接影響到PET與吸墨層之間的粘結(jié)性能及界面間的結(jié)合能力。對不同種類的顏料構(gòu)成的納米吸墨材料的吸墨層結(jié)構(gòu)進行表征,納米吸墨材料加入了這幾種納米粒子后,其本體性能、表面強度,印刷性和穩(wěn)定性均有所提高。納米二氧化硅均勻分散在膠粘劑中,其分散性好于納米二氧化鈦和納米碳酸鈣。納米二氧化硅構(gòu)成的吸墨材料對墨水的吸收曲線波動幅度較小,墨水滲透最深處的深度值為16.6μm,滲透最淺處的深度值為13.6μm。納米二氧化硅構(gòu)成的吸墨材料印刷性最好,含納米二氧化鈦的吸墨材料的穩(wěn)定性提高的最多。對于納米吸墨材料而言,由較小粒徑的二氧化硅構(gòu)成的吸墨材料的吸墨層表面顆粒堆積較為密實(但是表面有裂紋),而較大粒徑的納米二氧化硅粒子構(gòu)成的吸墨層則粒子排列松散。隨著納米二氧化硅粒徑的增加,吸墨層表面的孔隙也不斷增大。吸墨材料的孔隙率、吸墨層孔徑、孔面積和孔體積都隨納米粒子粒徑的增加而增加。通過測試分析表明,粒徑在12nm的二氧化硅粒子制得的吸墨材料的白度、平滑度、光澤度、吸收效率較另外兩種納米二氧化硅粒子制得的吸墨材料的的相應(yīng)值大,而粗糙度、浸潤性、浸潤深度、表面強度、密度差值則顏料粒徑越小這些值越小。吸墨材料由于加入了納米粒子,其耐熱穩(wěn)定性和耐紫外穩(wěn)定性均有所提高,納米粒子的加入起到了對吸墨材料的保護作用,提高了其使用年限。當(dāng)膠粘劑用量從10%增加到25%時,吸墨材料的孔隙體積減小,平均孔徑下降,透氣性減弱,吸墨層表面的宏觀粗糙度變小,吸墨材料的表面自由能降低,油墨吸收性隨之減小。增加膠粘劑的用量,吸墨層表面成膜性增強,吸墨材料熱穩(wěn)定性降低。因而,考慮成本、膠粘劑對納米復(fù)合吸墨材料性能影響等因素,在本論文中,制備納米吸墨材料的膠粘劑用量一般不超過20%。
[Abstract]:The nano ink absorbing material has the advantages of vivid color expression ability, excellent color printing effect and the like, and has been developed rapidly in recent years. The final quality of the ink-receptive material is largely determined by the performance of the ink-receptive layer in the ink-receptive material. However, at present, the ink-absorbing material of the industrialization has the defects of poor absorption, poor printability and the like, and the application thereof is limited. The purpose of this paper is to build a nanometer ink-absorbing material with excellent properties. The effects of different kinds of nano-particles on the properties of ink-absorbing materials were studied in this paper, and nano-silica with different particle size and specific surface area was studied. The effect of the same nano-component on the properties of ink-absorbing material and the mechanism of performance enhancement were studied, and the effect of the amount of adhesive on the properties of the nano-ink-absorbing material was investigated. The PET film is a weakly polar polymer material, and the hydrophilicity of the PET film is poor, so it is necessary to pre-treat the PET film before coating. the surface modification of the PET film used for the ink-absorbing material is carried out by utilizing the low-temperature plasma processing technology, and the wettability of the PET surface is improved by changing different treatment time and processing power so as to lay a solid foundation for obtaining the high-quality nano ink-absorbing material. Through characterization of the surface roughness, surface elements, surface morphology, surface contact angle and surface energy of the substrate after the low temperature plasma treatment, the low temperature plasma modification can change the oxygen content of the surface of the PET film, the polar functional group is increased, and the surface roughness becomes large, and the interfacial bonding property between the PET and the adhesive is improved. The content of C = O functional group before modification was zero, and its content increased to 13.37% when the modification time was 20s. It was found that the modification of PET by low-temperature plasma was time-sensitive and its mechanical properties changed slightly before and after modification. As can be seen from Table 3-5, the functional groups of C-C (284. 80e V), C-O (C-OH) (285. 78e V), O = C-O (COOH) (286. 90e V) are hardly present in the spectrogram prior to modification of the PET film. The content of the functional groups of C-C, C-O (C-OH), O = C-O (COOH) was increased, especially C = O functional group and O = C-O functional group, and their content was zero before modification. After modification, the content of C = O functional group increased to 12.83% when the modification time was 10s, and its content increased to 13.37% when its modification time was 20s. The modified O = C-O functional group increased to 14.01% when the modification time was 10s, and its content increased to 17. 46% when its modified time was 20s. The addition of the modified PET surface C = O functional group also shows that the polarity of PET is improved. The improvement of polarity will directly affect the bonding energy between PET and ink absorbing layer and the bonding ability between interfaces. the ink receptive layer structure of the nano ink-absorbing material composed of different kinds of pigments is characterized, and after the nano ink-absorbing material is added with the nano-particles, the bulk property, the surface strength, the printing property and the stability of the nano ink-absorbing material are improved. the nano silicon dioxide is uniformly dispersed in the adhesive, and the dispersibility is good for the nano titanium dioxide and the nano calcium carbonate. The ink absorbing material composed of nano silicon dioxide has small fluctuation range of the absorption curve of the ink, the depth value at the deepest depth of the ink is 16. 6. m u.m, the depth value at the deepest part of the penetration is 13. 6. m u.m. The printing property of the ink-absorbing material composed of nano silicon dioxide is the best, the stability of the ink-receptive material containing the nano-titanium dioxide is improved. In the case of the nano-ink-absorbing material, the surface particles of the ink-absorbing layer of the ink-absorbing material composed of silica having a smaller particle diameter are densely packed (but there are cracks on the surface), and the ink-absorbing layer composed of the nano-silica particles having a larger particle size is loosely arranged. With the increase of the size of the nano-silica, the porosity of the surface of the ink-absorbing layer also increases. The porosity of the ink-absorbing material, the pore size of the ink-absorbing layer, the pore area and the pore volume increase with the increase of the particle size of the nanoparticles. According to the test analysis, the whiteness, smoothness, glossiness and absorption efficiency of the ink-absorbing material prepared by the silica particles with the particle size of 12nm are large, and the corresponding values of the ink-absorbing material prepared by the two kinds of nano-silica particles are large, and the roughness, the wettability, the wetting depth and the surface strength are large, The smaller the density difference, the smaller these values the smaller the pigment particle size. As the ink absorbing material is added with nano particles, the heat-resistant stability and the ultraviolet-resistant stability of the ink-absorbing material are improved, the addition of the nano-particles plays a protective role on the ink-absorbing material, and the service life of the ink-absorbing material is improved. When the amount of the adhesive is increased from 10% to 25%, the pore volume of the ink-absorbing material is reduced, the average pore diameter is reduced, the air permeability is weakened, the macro-roughness of the surface of the ink-absorbing layer becomes small, the surface free energy of the ink-absorbing material can be reduced, and the ink absorption is reduced. the amount of the adhesive is increased, the film forming property of the ink-absorbing layer is enhanced, and the thermal stability of the ink-absorbing material is reduced. Therefore, in this paper, the amount of adhesive used to prepare the nano-ink-absorbing material is generally not more than 20% considering the factors such as cost and the influence of the adhesive on the performance of the nano composite ink-absorbing material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB383.1

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