基于細菌纖維素合成高性能電極材料及其電化學儲能的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-04 20:59
【摘要】：作為一種新型儲能裝置,超級電容器由于能提供比電池更高的功率密度,比傳統(tǒng)電容器更高的能量密度而備受關(guān)注,并且廣泛應用到便攜式電子設(shè)備、備用電源以及電動交通工具等方面。本文以細菌纖維素為基底,采用簡單的合成方法制備出高性能的氮摻雜碳納米纖維、雜原子摻雜碳納米纖維、二硫化三鎳/碳納米纖維復合物等電極材料。通過XRD、SEM、TEM、HRTEM、XPS、氮氣吸脫附測試和電化學測試等表征,對材料的形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)特征和電化學性能進行了詳細的探究。(1)以細菌纖維素作為基底,通過原位聚合實現(xiàn)與聚吡咯的復合,并低溫炭化制備出具有部分石墨化結(jié)構(gòu)的氮摻雜碳納米纖維(N-CNFs)。通過對材料的結(jié)構(gòu)和性能進行表征,結(jié)果表明N-CNFs的相互交聯(lián)的導電網(wǎng)絡結(jié)構(gòu)有利于電子的快速轉(zhuǎn)移,從而提高電極材料的比電容值、高倍率放電性能和穩(wěn)定性。(2)采用溶液浸漬法將N、P、S等原子引入到細菌纖維素中,通過低溫炭化直接制備出雜原子摻雜碳納米纖維(N-CNFs、N,P-CNFs、N,S-CNFs)。細菌纖維素因其表面含有豐富的官能團而容易引入N、N/P和N/S等原子。與N-CNFs、N,S-CNFs對比,N,P-CNFs的比電容高,循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性好,這是由于N和P的共同摻入對其電化學性能的提高有很大幫助。(3)通過簡單的水熱法成功合成高性能Ni3S2/碳納米纖維復合材料(Ni3S2/CNFs),并將Ni3S2/CNFs作為正極,CNFs作為負極組裝成非對稱超級電容器。電化學性能測試表明,所得的非對稱超級電容器具有高的功率密度和能量密度和卓越的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性,且能點亮LED燈,具有實際應用價值。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitors have attracted much attention for their ability to provide higher power density than batteries and higher energy density than conventional capacitors, and have been widely used in portable electronic devices. Spare power and electric vehicles and so on. In this paper, high performance nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers, hetero-atom doped carbon nanofibers and nickel trisulfide / carbon nanofiber composites were prepared by a simple synthesis method based on bacterial cellulose. The morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of the materials were investigated by means of XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM,XPS, nitrogen adsorption and desorption tests and electrochemical measurements. (1) using bacterial cellulose as substrate, polypyrrole was synthesized by in-situ polymerization. Nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers (N-CNFs) with partial graphitization structure were prepared by low temperature carbonization. By characterizing the structure and properties of the materials, the results show that the cross-linked conductive network structure of N-CNFs is conducive to the rapid transfer of electrons, thus increasing the specific capacitance of the electrode materials. High rate discharge performance and stability. (2) using solution impregnation method, the atoms such as Nu PnS were introduced into bacterial cellulose, and the heteroatom-doped carbon nanofibers (N-CNFsNP-CNFsNS-CNFs) were directly prepared by low temperature carbonization. Bacterial cellulose has abundant functional groups on its surface, so it is easy to introduce atoms such as N / P and N / S. Compared with N-CNFsS- CNFs, NCNFs have high specific capacitance and good cycle stability. This is because the co-incorporation of N and P can greatly improve their electrochemical performance. (3) High performance Ni3S2/ carbon nanofiber composites (Ni3S2/CNFs) were successfully synthesized by simple hydrothermal method, and Ni3S2/CNFs was assembled as positive electrode and negative electrode to form non-CNFs. Symmetrical supercapacitor. The electrochemical performance test shows that the asymmetric supercapacitor has high power density and energy density, excellent cycle stability, and can light up the LED lamp, so it has practical application value.
【學位授予單位】：暨南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM53;TB33
本文編號：2251857
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitors have attracted much attention for their ability to provide higher power density than batteries and higher energy density than conventional capacitors, and have been widely used in portable electronic devices. Spare power and electric vehicles and so on. In this paper, high performance nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers, hetero-atom doped carbon nanofibers and nickel trisulfide / carbon nanofiber composites were prepared by a simple synthesis method based on bacterial cellulose. The morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of the materials were investigated by means of XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM,XPS, nitrogen adsorption and desorption tests and electrochemical measurements. (1) using bacterial cellulose as substrate, polypyrrole was synthesized by in-situ polymerization. Nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers (N-CNFs) with partial graphitization structure were prepared by low temperature carbonization. By characterizing the structure and properties of the materials, the results show that the cross-linked conductive network structure of N-CNFs is conducive to the rapid transfer of electrons, thus increasing the specific capacitance of the electrode materials. High rate discharge performance and stability. (2) using solution impregnation method, the atoms such as Nu PnS were introduced into bacterial cellulose, and the heteroatom-doped carbon nanofibers (N-CNFsNP-CNFsNS-CNFs) were directly prepared by low temperature carbonization. Bacterial cellulose has abundant functional groups on its surface, so it is easy to introduce atoms such as N / P and N / S. Compared with N-CNFsS- CNFs, NCNFs have high specific capacitance and good cycle stability. This is because the co-incorporation of N and P can greatly improve their electrochemical performance. (3) High performance Ni3S2/ carbon nanofiber composites (Ni3S2/CNFs) were successfully synthesized by simple hydrothermal method, and Ni3S2/CNFs was assembled as positive electrode and negative electrode to form non-CNFs. Symmetrical supercapacitor. The electrochemical performance test shows that the asymmetric supercapacitor has high power density and energy density, excellent cycle stability, and can light up the LED lamp, so it has practical application value.
【學位授予單位】：暨南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM53;TB33
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 孟凡陸;李霖;吳中;鐘海霞;李建忱;鄢俊敏;;以細菌纖維素為前驅(qū)體簡便制備氮摻雜碳纖維氣凝膠作為高效氧還原催化劑(英文)[J];催化學報;2014年06期
2 耿新玲,袁偉;液相法制備Ni_3S_4納米粉[J];無機材料學報;2003年01期
，本文編號：2251857
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