【摘要】：現如今復合材料已成為四大材料之一,其優(yōu)良的綜合特性和廣泛的應用前景越來越受到人們的重視,尤其是材料性能的可設計性,吸引著廣大學者進行了大量的研究。本文基于有限元法研究了多邊形夾雜復合材料的力學和聲學性能。全文主要內容如下:第一章對復合材料的發(fā)展和應用做了概述,介紹了復合材料力學和聲學性能方面的研究現狀。第二章先是介紹了對復合材料的基本理論,隨后詳細介紹了多邊形夾雜復合材料的力學性能微觀計算模型,以及聲子晶體的相關理論和計算模型。第三章對多邊形夾雜復合材料的力學性能進行了研究,首先研究了(I)=10時六邊形纖維旋轉角度對復合材料的影響,比較了體積比10%和50%兩種情況。緊接著研究了(I)=100時六邊形纖維旋轉角度對復合材料的影響,仍然比較了體積比10%和50%兩種情況,最后對六邊形纖維隨機分布進行了研究。結果表明:當纖維體積比較小時,六邊形纖維的旋轉角度對復合材料整體的力學性能沒有明顯影響,表現完美的各向同性,而體積比較大時,力學性能表現出明顯的各向異性行為,各項力學參數關于30°角對稱。纖維隨機分布時發(fā)現無論是纖維統(tǒng)一旋轉角還是隨機旋轉角,和纖維單一分布時相比都表現出更強的各向異性。無論纖維是單一分布還是若干個隨機分布,隨著纖維彈性模量的增大各向異性行為更加顯著,復合材料的等效彈性模量和剪切模量增加而泊松比下降。此外,無論是六邊形還是圓形纖維,單元體內纖維數目對復合材料的等效彈性性能有重大影響。第四章對多邊形夾雜復合材料的聲學性能進行了研究,選擇六邊形和圓形作為對象,分別計算了空心散射體和實體散射體聲子晶體的能帶結構,研究了兩種散射體不同體積比(10%和30%)、單一散射體和組合散射體、以及組合散射體的間距對其聲學性能的影響。結果表明:對于單一多邊形空心散射體不存在完全帶隙,組合多邊形空心散射體在大體積比30%時存在完全帶隙,且六邊形的帶隙寬度略大于圓的帶隙寬度。對于單一多邊形實體散射體在兩種體積比下均存在完全帶隙,隨著體積比的增大帶隙顯著變寬。空心散射體組合隨著間距的增大模型的能帶結構頻率范圍、帶隙所在頻率、帶隙寬度都隨著增大;實體情況下間距小的模型能帶結構頻率范圍、帶隙所在頻率、帶隙寬度反而更大。第五章對本文所做工作進行了總結,并對今后的研究工作進行了展望。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, composite materials have become one of the four major materials, its excellent comprehensive properties and wide application prospects have attracted more and more attention, especially the designability of material properties, which has attracted a large number of scholars to do a lot of research. In this paper, the mechanical and acoustic properties of polygonal inclusion composites are studied based on finite element method. The main contents of this paper are as follows: in the first chapter, the development and application of composites are summarized, and the research status of mechanical and acoustic properties of composites is introduced. In the second chapter, the basic theory of composite material is introduced, and then the microcosmic calculation model of polygonal inclusion composite is introduced in detail, as well as the related theory and calculation model of phonon crystal. In the third chapter, the mechanical properties of polygonal inclusion composites are studied. Firstly, the influence of rotation angle of hexagonal fiber (I) = 10 on the composite is studied, and the volume ratio of 10% and 50% is compared. Then the influence of hexagonal fiber rotation angle on the composite material was studied when (I) = 100, and the volume ratio of 10% and 50% was compared. Finally, the random distribution of hexagon fiber was studied. The results show that when the fiber volume is small, the rotation angle of hexagonal fiber has no obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the composite, and it shows perfect isotropy, but when the volume is relatively large, The mechanical properties show obvious anisotropic behavior, and the mechanical parameters are symmetrical about 30 擄angle. It is found that both the unified rotation angle and the random rotation angle of the fiber are more anisotropic than those of the single fiber distribution. Regardless of whether the fiber is a single distribution or a number of random distributions, the anisotropic behavior of the composites is more obvious with the increase of the elastic modulus of the fiber. The equivalent elastic modulus and shear modulus of the composites increase while the Poisson's ratio decreases. In addition, the number of fibers in the unit has a significant effect on the equivalent elastic properties of the composite, whether hexagonal or circular. In chapter 4, the acoustic properties of polygonal inclusion composites are studied. The energy band structures of hollow scatterers and solid scatterers are calculated by selecting hexagonal and circular as objects. The effects of different volume ratios of two scatterers (10% and 30%), single and combined scatterers, and the spacing of combined scatterers on their acoustic properties are studied. The results show that there is no complete band gap for a single polygon hollow scatterer, and the combined polygon hollow scatterer has a complete band gap at the mass ratio of 30, and the band gap width of the hexagonal is slightly larger than the band gap width of the circle. For a single polygonal solid scatterer, there is a complete band gap under both volume ratios, and the band gap widens with the increase of the volume ratio. The band structure frequency range, the band gap frequency and the band gap width of the model increase with the increase of the distance between the hollowed scatterers, and the frequency range of the energy band structure and the frequency of the band gap in the model with small spacing in the solid case, and the frequency of the band gap in the model increase with the increase of the spacing. The bandgap width is larger. The fifth chapter summarizes the work done in this paper and looks forward to the future research work.
【學位授予單位】：河南工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB33

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本文編號：2149074