本文選題：SiO2氣凝膠 + 紡織��； 參考：《西安工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,保溫保暖的紡織服裝產(chǎn)品主要采用增加織物厚度或改變織物組織結(jié)構(gòu),含空氣保暖;將鐵粉、遠(yuǎn)紅外陶瓷粉末等混入聚合物紡絲,利用化學(xué)反應(yīng)和吸收紅外線輻射保溫。本實(shí)驗(yàn)制備的SiO2氣凝膠保溫紡織復(fù)合材料是以純棉白坯布為基布,以聚氨酯為粘結(jié)劑和交聯(lián)劑,用SiO2氣凝膠做保溫增強(qiáng)相的一種復(fù)合涂層織物。首先,實(shí)驗(yàn)以TEOS為硅源,鹽酸和氨水為催化劑,通過溶膠-凝膠法和常溫干燥技術(shù)制備SiO2氣凝膠,研究不同p H值、Et OH/TEOS摩爾比、水/TEOS摩爾比、反應(yīng)溫度及攪拌速度對SiO2氣凝膠密度的影響,采用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)得出最佳制備工藝:p H值為7,Et OH/TEOS摩爾比為8,水/TEOS摩爾比為6,溫度為50℃,轉(zhuǎn)速為100r/min。對SiO2氣凝膠溶膠進(jìn)行表面后處理改性,以三甲基氯硅烷為改性劑,得出改性較優(yōu)條件:改性時(shí)間為72h。經(jīng)測試分析,SiO2氣凝膠為振實(shí)密度為0.263 g/cm3,改性后SiO2氣凝膠具備疏水性。其次,采用共混法制備SiO2氣凝膠復(fù)合整理劑,通過直接涂層法制備SiO2氣凝膠復(fù)合材料。對影響復(fù)合整理的因素進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,得出較優(yōu)整理工藝:以稀釋50%的乙醇為溶劑,每份整理劑共30g;SiO2氣凝膠含量為0.25g,聚氨酯含量為10g,交聯(lián)溫度為90℃,SiO2氣凝膠粒徑為300目。經(jīng)測試表征,SiO2氣凝膠保溫紡織復(fù)合材料保溫率及保溫綜合值比原布明顯增加,原布保溫率為13.9%,復(fù)合材料保溫率為28.97%;透氣率下降;SiO2氣凝膠粒子均勻附著織物表面,且部分聚氨酯與棉纖維交聯(lián)。最后,對SiO2氣凝膠保溫紡織復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行織物強(qiáng)力、熱阻濕阻和風(fēng)格等綜合測試。SiO2氣凝膠保溫紡織復(fù)合材料與原布相比,抗應(yīng)變能力、抗拉伸變形能力以及拉伸回復(fù)率有所增加,壓縮回復(fù)率增大,剪切回彈性變好;蓬松度變差,表面手感變粗糙,光滑感略差,彎曲剛度與彎曲滯后量有所降低,但身骨和活絡(luò)性更好,勻整性變好,表面更為平整。SiO2氣凝膠保溫紡織復(fù)合材料斷裂強(qiáng)力比原布略大,頂破強(qiáng)力無變化;熱阻濕阻變大,透濕變差,保溫效果變好。
[Abstract]:At present, the textile and clothing products with thermal insulation are mainly used to increase the fabric thickness or change the fabric structure, which contains air to keep warm; iron powder and far-infrared ceramic powder are mixed into polymer spinning, and thermal insulation is obtained by chemical reaction and absorption of infrared radiation. The SiO2 aerogel insulating textile composite is a composite coated fabric with pure cotton white grey cloth as substrate, polyurethane as binder and crosslinking agent, and SiO2 aerogel as heat preservation and reinforcement phase. Firstly, SiO2 aerogels were prepared with TEOS as silicon source and hydrochloric acid and ammonia as catalyst by sol-gel method and normal temperature drying technique. The effects of reaction temperature and stirring speed on the density of SiO2 aerogel were studied. The optimum preparation process was obtained by orthogonal experiment. The optimum preparation process was: the molar ratio of 7 t OH/TEOS to 7% p H was 8, the molar ratio of water to TEOS was 6, the temperature was 50 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1986764