本文選題：多孔碳復(fù)合材料　切入點：吸附　出處：《濟南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：活性炭能夠有效的吸附廢水中的重金屬Cr(VI),但活性炭質(zhì)量較輕,且富集了Cr(VI)后的吸附劑如果處理不得當,又會對環(huán)境造成二次污染。針對這一問題,考慮將活性炭包覆在硅砂或玻璃纖維織物上,獲得多孔碳-硅砂/玻纖復(fù)合材料,其吸附Cr(VI)后便于回收并作為玻璃著色劑制備顏色玻璃。本論文利用TEM、XRD、SEM、XPS、FTIR和氮吸附等測試手段對樣品進行了表征,并研究了反應(yīng)組分和實驗條件對制備多孔碳材料結(jié)構(gòu)性能的影響以及吸附條件對多孔碳復(fù)合材料吸附Cr(VI)的影響。論文的主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:1.探討了不同比例含鉻活性炭添加量及加料方式對玻璃著色的影響,確定了活性炭吸附鉻離子用于玻璃著色的可行性。結(jié)果表明,隨著色劑添加量減小,玻璃由黑棕色逐漸變?yōu)榫G色;Cr的量相同時,活性炭本身對玻璃著色有調(diào)節(jié)作用;加料方式對玻璃著色影響不大。2.以葡萄糖為碳源采用水熱反應(yīng)結(jié)合活化工藝制備多孔碳-硅砂復(fù)合材料(AC@sand)。研究表明:水熱反應(yīng)后硅砂上包覆的焦炭量隨乙二胺的增加,先增加后減小;AC@sand的比表面積隨著SDS量的增加而增大,這是由于SDS既作為軟模板劑又可增加包覆在硅砂上的碳量;比表面積隨著KOH用量的增加先增加后減小再增加,由于KOH在高溫下與碳包覆層和硅砂均可發(fā)生反應(yīng);比表面積隨活化溫度升高先增加后減小;潮解時間從第1天到第7天,比表面積顯著增加,進一步延長潮解時間比表面積增加較少。合成AC@sand的最佳實驗配比:乙二胺用量為0.5mL,SDS用量為0.2g,活化劑KOH用量為0.1g,活化溫度為700℃,潮解時間為7天。制備的AC@sand比表面積高達59 m~2/g,是原始硅砂的80倍。AC@sand吸附Cr(VI)離子的最佳條件:AC@sand為1g,pH值為2,Cr(VI)離子濃度為20mg/L,吸附時間為2h,溫度為75℃。在此條件下,Cr(VI)的去除率為100%,其中被吸附的Cr占76.91%,其余Cr(VI)則被還原后留在溶液中。單位AC@sand對Cr離子的吸附量為1.5382mg/g。AC@sand對Cr(VI)的吸附符合Freunedlich吸附模型和二級動力學(xué)模型。3.采用PVP做碳源、KOH做活化劑制備多孔碳-玻纖復(fù)合材料(AC@GFF)。研究表明:樣品比表面積隨PVP用量、活化劑KOH用量和活化溫度的增加均增大。PVP既是碳源又是粘結(jié)劑;KOH既是活化劑又可增加PVP的粘性,協(xié)助更多的PVP附著在玻纖表面。合成AC@GFF的最佳實驗配比:PVP用量為5g,活化劑KOH用量為0.8g,活化溫度為700℃。制備的AC@GFF比表面積高達248 m~2/g,是玻璃纖維織物的248倍。AC@GFF吸附Cr(VI)離子的最佳條件:AC@GFF為0.2g,pH值為2,Cr(VI)離子濃度為50mg/L,時間為2h,溫度為45℃。在此條件下,Cr(VI)去除率為96.54%,其中被吸附的Cr占90.47%,其余Cr(VI)則被還原后留在溶液中。單位AC@sand對Cr離子的吸附量為22.6170mg/g。AC@GFF對Cr(VI)的吸附符合Langmuir吸附模型和二級動力學(xué)模型。4.在最佳吸附條件下,吸附Cr(VI)后的AC@sand和AC@GFF作為玻璃著色劑均成功制得翠綠色玻璃。AC@sand和AC@GFF在玻璃混合料中的比例分別為44.07%和3.00%。
[Abstract]:Activated carbon to heavy metal adsorption of Cr in wastewater effectively activated carbon (VI), but the quality is light, and the accumulation of Cr (VI) after the adsorbent, if not handled properly, it will cause two pollution to the environment. To solve this problem, consider the activated carbon coated fabric in silica or glass fiber on porous carbon / silica glass fiber composite materials, the adsorption of Cr (VI) is recovered and prepared as glass colorant color glass. This paper uses TEM, XRD, SEM, XPS, the samples were characterized by FTIR and nitrogen adsorption measurements and study the reaction effect and experimental conditions the preparation of porous carbon materials and the adsorption conditions on the porous carbon composite material for adsorption of Cr (VI). The influence of the main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. effects of different proportion of chromium containing activated carbon and the influence of the amount of feeding mode on glass coloring, the activated carbon Adsorption of chromium ion for the feasibility of colouring of glass. The results showed that with the addition of reducing agent, glass has gradually changed from dark brown to green; the amount of Cr phase at the same time, activated carbon itself has a regulatory effect on glass coloring; feeding mode has little effect on the colouring of glass.2. with glucose as carbon source by hydrothermal reaction with porous carbon silica composite process activation (AC@sand). The results show that: the coating amount of coke after the hydrothermal reaction of silica sand with ethylenediamine increases, increased first and then decreased; the specific surface area of AC@sand increased with the increase of SDS content, this is because the SDS as a soft template and can increase the amount of carbon coated on the specific surface area of silica sand; with the increase of KOH content increased first and then decreased and then increased due to KOH at high temperature and carbon coated layer and silica sand can occur reaction; specific surface area with the increase of activation temperature increased first and then decreased; deliquescence time From first days to seventh days, significantly increase the surface area, further extend the deliquescence time less than the increase of surface area. The optimum ratio of AC@sand synthesis of ethylenediamine was 0.5mL, SDS dosage of 0.2g, activator of KOH dosage of 0.1g, the activation temperature is 700 DEG C, deliquescence time is 7 days. The preparation of AC@sand 59 m~2/g high specific surface area is 80 times the.AC@sand adsorption of Cr original silica sand (VI): AC@sand is the best conditions of ion 1g, pH 2, Cr (VI) ion concentration is 20mg/L, adsorption time is 2h, the temperature of 75 DEG. Under this condition, Cr (VI) removal rate 100%, the adsorbed Cr accounted for 76.91%, the rest of the Cr (VI) was reduced in solution. The adsorption capacity of Cr ion is AC@sand 1.5382mg/g.AC@sand on Cr (VI) consistent with the Freunedlich adsorption model and two stage dynamic model of.3. using PVP as carbon source, KOH activating agent for preparing porous carbon - (glass fiber composite materials AC@GFF). The study shows that the specific surface area increased with the dosage of PVP, dosage of activator KOH and activation temperature increased.PVP as carbon source and KOH as activating agent and binder; PVP can increase the viscosity, help more PVP attached to the glass surface. The optimum ratio for the synthesis of AC@GFF: the dosage of PVP was 5g KOH, the activator dosage of 0.8g, activation temperature is 700 degrees Celsius. The prepared AC@GFF was 248 higher than the m~2/g surface area is 248 times the.AC@GFF adsorption of Cr glass fiber fabrics (VI): AC@GFF is the best conditions of ion 0.2g, pH 2, Cr (VI) ion concentration is 50mg /L. Time is 2h, the temperature of 45 DEG. Under this condition, Cr (VI) removal rate was 96.54%, which was the adsorption of Cr accounted for 90.47%, the rest of the Cr (VI) was reduced in solution. The adsorption capacity of Cr ion is AC@sand 22.6170mg/g.AC@GFF on Cr (VI) consistent with the Langmuir adsorption model and the two level dynamic model.4 Under the optimum adsorption condition, AC@sand and AC@GFF after Cr (VI) adsorption were successfully used to prepare emerald green glass, and the proportion of.AC@sand and AC@GFF in glass mixture was 44.07% and 3.00%. respectively.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB33;O647.3

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