本文選題：環(huán)境污染　切入點：清潔能源　出處：《江蘇科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展,能源危機和環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴峻,制約著經(jīng)濟、社會的發(fā)展,甚至危及人類的生存。環(huán)境保護和可持續(xù)發(fā)展成為人們必須考慮的首要問題,也越來越受到人們的重視。解決環(huán)境問題的方針政策是防范和治理,比如減少化石能源的利用,加大對污染物的治理等。因此,開發(fā)綠色可再生能源和發(fā)展新型污水處理技術(shù)是當前研究的重點。鋰離子電池作為一種可再生清潔能源,具有綠色環(huán)保、高能量、靈活小巧等特點,在數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品、軍事設(shè)備、醫(yī)學(xué)器材、電動汽車、智能電網(wǎng)等領(lǐng)域廣泛運用。隨著科技的發(fā)展,人們對鋰離子電池的性能提出更高要求,而高性能鋰離子電池的實現(xiàn)依賴于其中電極材料的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和性能提升。具有高比容量,高功率密度,資源豐富等優(yōu)點的過渡金屬氧化物材料在眾多備選材料中脫穎而出,能夠滿足動力鋰離子電池性能的要求。此外,光催化技術(shù),是在光的作用下,通過光催化劑吸收光子能量,使得苛刻條件下進行的反應(yīng)能夠在溫和的環(huán)境中就可以進行的一種先進綠色污水處理技術(shù)。近十幾年來,過渡金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體光催化劑在污染物控制應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域得到迅速發(fā)展。然而,作為一項新技術(shù),光催化技術(shù)仍然存在著一些問題。主要表現(xiàn)在半導(dǎo)體光催化劑吸附能力差,光生載流子容易復(fù)合等。本論文針對不同研究領(lǐng)域存在的問題,提出相應(yīng)的改善方法。具體表現(xiàn)在:(1)對于鋰電負極材料α-MnO_2在充放電過程中存在體積膨脹而導(dǎo)致循環(huán)性能差的問題,本文設(shè)計了α-MnO_2@SnO_2納米異質(zhì)結(jié)復(fù)合材料,并研究了其作為鋰離子電池負極材料的電化學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明:相比較單一材料,α-MnO_2@SnO_2復(fù)合材料在100 mA g-1的電流密度下,具有更好的初始放電容量(1548 m Ah g-1)和50圈循環(huán)后恢復(fù)容量(437 mAh g-1),表現(xiàn)出較好的充放電循環(huán)性能。(2)對于鋰電正極錳酸鋰材料在充放電過程中存在錳溶解而導(dǎo)致的容量衰減的問題,本文設(shè)計了LiMn_2O_4納米棒表面包覆TiO_2復(fù)合材料,研究了其作為鋰離子電池正極材料的電化學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明:LiMn_2O_4納米棒表面包覆TiO_2復(fù)合材料在0.1 C倍率下100次循環(huán)后容量保持率為95.5%,而未包覆材料僅為81.4%,包覆材料表現(xiàn)出更好的循環(huán)和倍率性能。(3)對于ZnO光催化劑存在吸附能力差,光生載流子容易復(fù)合的問題,本文設(shè)計了ZnO/rGO/PANI三元復(fù)合材料,并研究了其作為光催化劑在紫外光下對甲基橙降解效率及其光電化學(xué)性能。結(jié)果表明:ZnO/rGO(7 wt.%)/PANI(10 wt.%)三元復(fù)合材料在紫外光照射60 min內(nèi)對甲基橙具有99%的降解效率,而單一ZnO僅為15%。ZnO/rGO(7 wt.%)/PANI(10 wt.%)三元材料表現(xiàn)出更好的光電化學(xué)性質(zhì)和光催化性能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, the energy crisis and environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious, restricting the development of economy and society, and even endangering the survival of mankind. People pay more and more attention to it. The principles and policies to solve environmental problems are prevention and control, such as reducing the use of fossil energy, increasing the treatment of pollutants, and so on. The development of green renewable energy and the development of new sewage treatment technology is the focus of current research. Lithium ion battery, as a renewable and clean energy source, has the characteristics of green environmental protection, high energy, flexibility and small size, etc., in digital products, military equipment, etc. Medical devices, electric vehicles, smart grids and other fields are widely used. With the development of science and technology, people put forward higher requirements for the performance of lithium ion batteries. The realization of high performance lithium-ion batteries depends on the structure design and performance improvement of electrode materials. Transition metal oxide materials with high specific capacity, high power density and abundant resources stand out among many alternative materials. In addition, the photocatalytic technology, which absorbs photon energy through photocatalyst under the action of light, can meet the requirements of the performance of dynamic lithium-ion batteries. An advanced green sewage treatment technology that allows reactions under harsh conditions to be carried out in a mild environment. Transition metal oxide semiconductor photocatalysts have been developed rapidly in the field of pollutant control. However, as a new technology, there are still some problems in photocatalytic technology. Photogenerated carriers are easy to recombine, etc. In this paper, we aim at the problems in different research fields. The corresponding improvement methods are put forward, which is manifested in the problem that the volume expansion of lithium negative electrode material 偽 -MnO _ 2 leads to poor cyclic performance due to its volume expansion during charging and discharging. In this paper, a 偽 -MnO _ 2SnO _ 2 nanoheterojunction composite is designed for 偽 -MnO _ 2SnO _ 2 heterojunction composite. The electrochemical properties of 偽 -MnO _ 2SnO _ 2 composites as anode materials for lithium ion batteries were studied. The results show that compared with a single material, 偽 -MnO _ 2SnO _ 2 composite is at the current density of 100 Ma g ~ (-1). It has a better initial discharge capacity of 1548 mAh g-1) and a recovery capacity of 437 mAh g -1 after 50 cycles, showing a better charge-discharge cycle performance. In this paper, the surface of LiMn_2O_4 nanorods coated with TiO_2 composites was designed. The electrochemical properties of the composite used as cathode material for lithium ion battery were studied. The results showed that the capacity retention rate of TiO_2 composite coated with TiO_2 nanorods was 95.5 after 100 cycles at 0.1C ratio, while that of uncoated material was 81.4, and the coating material was coated. The results show that there is poor adsorption ability for ZnO photocatalyst with better cycling and ratio performance. In this paper, ZnO/rGO/PANI ternary composites are designed for easy recombination of photogenerated carriers. The photodegradation efficiency of methyl orange and its photochemical properties were studied. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of methyl orange by the three-component composite was 99% when irradiated by ultraviolet light for 60 min. The single ZnO is only 15%. ZnO / rGO7 wt.%)/PANI(10 wt.) the ternary materials exhibit better photochemical properties and photocatalytic properties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O643.36;TB33

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 孟浩文;馬大千;俞曉輝;楊紅艷;孫艷麗;許鑫華;;鋰離子電池錫-金屬-碳復(fù)合負極材料[J];化學(xué)進展;2015年08期

2 張晶晶;余愛水;;納米結(jié)構(gòu)過渡金屬氧化物作為鋰離子電池負極材料（英文）[J];Science Bulletin;2015年09期

3 羅飛;褚賡;黃杰;孫洋;李泓;;鋰離子電池基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)問題(Ⅷ)——負極材料[J];儲能科學(xué)與技術(shù);2014年02期

4 馬璨;呂迎春;李泓;;鋰離子電池基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)問題(VII)——正極材料[J];儲能科學(xué)與技術(shù);2014年01期

5 唐致遠;吳菲;;改性石墨用作鋰離子蓄電池負極材料[J];電源技術(shù);2006年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前7條

1 張媛嬌;鋰離子電池正極材料LiMn_2O_4的表面改性及性能研究[D];燕山大學(xué);2016年

2 趙梓儼;PANI/氧化物復(fù)合體界面與光催化性能之間的關(guān)聯(lián)研究[D];西南石油大學(xué);2015年

3 趙�？�;鋰離子電池Sn(SnO_2)基負極材料的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與性能研究[D];湘潭大學(xué);2015年

4 馬學(xué)琴;TiO_2/PANI系列光催化劑的制備及催化活性研究[D];蘭州交通大學(xué);2013年

5 劉橋生;鋰離子電池正極材料LiMn_2O_4的合成及其改性研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2010年

6 欒欣寧;鋰離子電池正極材料LiMn_2O_4的室溫固相表面包覆技術(shù)研究[D];中南大學(xué);2009年

7 徐融冰;鋰電池LiMn_2O_4材料制備及其抑制Jahn-Teller效應(yīng)的改性研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號：1609123