本文選題：仿生　切入點(diǎn)：噴涂　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：通過(guò)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)功能性材料的力學(xué)強(qiáng)化,從而更好滿足相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的實(shí)際應(yīng)用需要一直是當(dāng)前材料科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。近年來(lái),隨著表征手段的提高,生物結(jié)構(gòu)材料的優(yōu)異的機(jī)械性能與其微觀結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系得到廣泛關(guān)注和深入研究。例如貝殼不僅具有光彩奪目的結(jié)構(gòu)色和優(yōu)異的機(jī)械力學(xué)性能,其高度有序的“磚-泥”微觀層狀結(jié)構(gòu)也被系統(tǒng)研究,并成為高強(qiáng)度功能材料最受歡迎的設(shè)計(jì)模型之一。本論文以貝殼等生物結(jié)構(gòu)材料為模型,選用合適的一維和二維納米結(jié)構(gòu)單元,采用噴涂層層自組裝的方法成功制備出幾種具有優(yōu)異力學(xué)性能的仿生多層組裝復(fù)合膜,同時(shí)揭示其力學(xué)性能與微觀結(jié)構(gòu)和界面作用之間的關(guān)系。主要研究結(jié)果包括以下三個(gè)方面:(1)以銀納米線和巰基殼聚糖作為結(jié)構(gòu)單元,通過(guò)噴涂層層組裝技術(shù)制備一系列仿生多層組裝銀納米線-巰基殼聚糖復(fù)合膜。利用銀與巰基之間形成的銀-硫共價(jià)鍵可以優(yōu)化界面作用力,進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)膜的力學(xué)性能。相對(duì)于純的巰基殼聚糖膜,當(dāng)銀納米線的比例達(dá)到60 wt%時(shí)其拉伸應(yīng)力和楊氏模量增加了 3.9和11.7倍,且遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于銀納米線-殼聚糖膜、其他納米粒子與殼聚糖形成的復(fù)合膜以及銀納米線與其他有機(jī)物形成的復(fù)合膜的力學(xué)性能。此外,60 wt%銀納米線-巰基殼聚糖復(fù)合膜擁有良好的抗疲勞性。銀-硫鍵對(duì)銀納米線-巰基殼聚糖復(fù)合膜的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)將來(lái)也有望用于其他高性能復(fù)合膜的制備。(2)芳綸纖維具有優(yōu)異的機(jī)械性能、耐高溫和化學(xué)惰性等,因此是一種重要的高性能復(fù)合材料,已經(jīng)被廣泛用于航空航天,造船和軍工領(lǐng)域。由芳綸纖維剝離獲得的均勻的芳綸納米纖維是一種新型的結(jié)構(gòu)材料組裝基元。我們基于一維的芳綸納米纖維和二維的云母粉,利用噴涂層層組裝技術(shù)制備一系列復(fù)合膜。利用一維和二維結(jié)構(gòu)基元界面間形成的多重氫鍵和“磚-泥”微觀層狀結(jié)構(gòu)顯著提高了復(fù)合膜的力學(xué)性能。40 wt%無(wú)機(jī)摻雜比例的芳綸納米纖維復(fù)合膜具有良好的柔韌性和透光性,而且其力學(xué)性能得到顯著增強(qiáng),拉伸應(yīng)力,楊氏模量和韌性相對(duì)于純的芳綸納米纖維膜分別增強(qiáng)了 1.7, 3.2和1.8倍。(3)基于納米云母片和海藻酸鈉為結(jié)構(gòu)單元,通過(guò)噴涂層層組裝技術(shù)成功制備了一系列仿貝殼多層組裝的復(fù)合膜。利用納米云母片和海藻酸鈉之間的靜電和氫鍵優(yōu)化界面作用力,該復(fù)合膜優(yōu)化后的拉伸應(yīng)力和楊氏模量分別達(dá)到205 MPa和18.4 GPa。該膜的透光性良好,同時(shí)具有很好的防火阻燃性能。該復(fù)合膜還可以涂層到聚酯薄膜基底上,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)于基底材料的功能改性。
[Abstract]:The mechanical strengthening of functional materials through structural optimization design is always a hot research topic in the field of material science, which can better meet the practical application needs of related fields. In recent years, with the improvement of the means of characterization, it has been a hot topic in the field of material science. The relationship between the excellent mechanical properties of biomaterials and their microstructure has been extensively studied. For example, shells not only have brilliant structural colors and excellent mechanical and mechanical properties, Its highly ordered "brick-mud" microstructure has also been systematically studied, and has become one of the most popular design models for high-strength functional materials. Several biomimetic multilayer composite films with excellent mechanical properties were successfully prepared by spraying layer by layer self-assembly with suitable one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanostructure units. The main results include the following three aspects: 1) silver nanowires and mercapto chitosan were used as structural units. A series of biomimetic multilayer assembled silver nanowires and mercapto chitosan composite films were prepared by spraying layer by layer assembly technique. The interface force can be optimized by using the silver-sulfur covalent bond formed between silver and thiol. Compared with pure thioglycol-chitosan membrane, the tensile stress and Young's modulus of silver nanowires increased 3.9 and 11.7 times when the ratio of silver nanowires reached 60 wt%, and was much larger than that of silver nanowires / chitosan membranes. The mechanical properties of the composite films formed by other nanoparticles and chitosan and silver nanowires and other organic compounds were obtained. In addition, the composite films of 60 wt% silver nanowires and mercapto chitosan had good fatigue resistance. The enhancement effect of bond on silver nanowires / mercapto chitosan composite membrane is expected to be used in the preparation of other high performance composite membranes. Because of its high temperature resistance and chemical inertia, it is an important kind of high performance composite material, which has been widely used in aerospace industry. Shipbuilding and military industries. Homogeneous aramid nanofibers derived from aramid fibers are a new structural material assembly unit. We are based on one-dimensional aramid nanofibers and two-dimensional mica powder. A series of composite films were prepared by spraying layer by layer assembly technique. The mechanical properties of the composite films were significantly improved by using the multiple hydrogen bonds formed between the interface of one-dimensional and two-dimensional structural elements and the microstructure of "brick-mud" microlayers. The mechanical properties of the composite films were improved significantly. 40 wt% inorganic admixture was used. The hybrid aramid nanofiber composite film has good flexibility and light transmittance. The tensile stress, Young's modulus and toughness were increased by 1.7,3.2 and 1.8 times than those of pure aramid nanofiber membranes, respectively.) based on nano-mica and sodium alginate as structural units, the mechanical properties of the film were significantly enhanced, and the tensile stress, Young's modulus and toughness were increased by 1.7,3.2 and 1.8 times as compared with the pure aramid nanofibers, respectively. A series of composite films were successfully prepared by spraying layer by layer assembly technique. The interface forces of electrostatic and hydrogen bonding between nano-mica and sodium alginate were optimized. The tensile stress and Young's modulus of the composite film are 205GPA and 18.4 GPa. the film has good transmittance and good fire resistance and flame retardancy. The composite film can also be coated on the substrate of polyester film. The functional modification of the substrate is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.2

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