發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-01 16:19

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 貴金屬納米材料 可控合成 催化 異質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu) 甲基橙 亞甲基藍(lán)　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：貴金屬納米材料在催化反應(yīng)、生物傳感等諸多領(lǐng)域有著極大的應(yīng)用空間和發(fā)展?jié)摿?因其性質(zhì)與形貌結(jié)構(gòu)有著緊密關(guān)聯(lián),可控的合成具有特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的貴金屬納米材料具有重要意義。異質(zhì)納米結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)越性能,使其最近受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。本論文主要可控合成了由超細(xì)超長(zhǎng)的Pd納米線串聯(lián)多個(gè)Au納米顆粒形成的項(xiàng)鏈型鈀金異質(zhì)納米材料,并對(duì)其性質(zhì)與形貌之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了研究,主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.使用超細(xì)超長(zhǎng)碲納米線作為模板,CTAB作為表面活性劑、PdCl2及HAu Cl4作為前體,通過(guò)精確的調(diào)控還原劑的用量,可以對(duì)項(xiàng)鏈型鈀金異質(zhì)納米材料上的Au納米顆粒的間距和尺寸進(jìn)行調(diào)控。當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)金前體用量時(shí),Au納米顆粒的尺寸可被進(jìn)一步調(diào)控。通過(guò)TEM、HRTEM、HAADF-STEM、XRD等技術(shù)對(duì)合成的材料進(jìn)行多種表征,得到了在金前體用量固定時(shí),還原劑用量和Au納米顆粒的間距和尺寸的量化關(guān)系,即隨著還原劑用量的增加,金納米顆粒的間距和尺寸下降,金前體的用量改變則會(huì)引起金納米顆粒尺寸的改變,并且對(duì)項(xiàng)鏈型鈀金異質(zhì)納米材料的形成過(guò)程進(jìn)行了討論,給出了合理解釋。2.將項(xiàng)鏈型鈀金異質(zhì)納米材料用于甲基橙、亞甲基藍(lán)或?qū)ο趸椒拥慕到?對(duì)其催化活性進(jìn)行研究。首先測(cè)試了具有不同Au納米顆粒間距和尺寸的異質(zhì)納米項(xiàng)鏈的催化性質(zhì),然后將其與Pd Au納米線、Pd納米線、Au納米顆粒以及Pd納米線和Au納米顆粒的混合物等進(jìn)行對(duì)照。結(jié)果顯示項(xiàng)鏈型鈀金異質(zhì)納米材料的催化活性及催化穩(wěn)定性均具有優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,而且項(xiàng)鏈型鈀金異質(zhì)納米材料的活性隨著結(jié)構(gòu)改變表現(xiàn)出了一定的變化規(guī)律:當(dāng)Au納米顆粒的間距和尺寸在一定范圍內(nèi)變大時(shí),材料表現(xiàn)出了更好的催化活性。
[Abstract]:Noble metal nanomaterials have great application space and development potential in many fields such as catalytic reaction, biosensor and so on, because their properties are closely related to their morphology and structure. The controllable synthesis of noble metal nanomaterials with special structures is of great significance. In this thesis, the necklace-type palladium and gold heterogeneous nanomaterials formed by ultrafine and ultra-long PD nanowires in series with several au nanoparticles have been synthesized, and the relationship between their properties and morphology has been studied. The main results are as follows: 1. Using ultrafine ultra-long tellurium nanowires as templates, CTAB as surfactants PdCl2 and HAu Cl4 as precursors, the amount of reductant can be accurately controlled. The spacing and size of au nanoparticles on the necklace type palladium gold heterogeneous nanomaterials can be controlled. The size of au nanoparticles can be further regulated when the amount of gold precursor is adjusted. The synthesized materials are characterized by TEMU HRTEMU HAADF-STEMXRD and other techniques. The quantitative relationship between the amount of reducing agent and the spacing and size of au nanoparticles is obtained when the amount of gold precursor is fixed, that is, with the increase of the amount of reducing agent, the spacing and size of gold nanoparticles decrease. The change of the amount of gold precursor will lead to the change of the size of gold nanoparticles, and the formation process of the necklace type palladium and gold heterogeneous nanomaterials is discussed, and the reasonable explanation is given. 2. The necklace-type palladium and gold heterogeneous nanomaterials are used in methyl orange. The catalytic activity of methylene blue or p-nitrophenol was studied. Firstly, the catalytic properties of heterogeneous nano-necklace with different au nanocrystalline spacing and size were tested. Then compared with PD au nanowires and PD nanowires and the mixture of PD nanowires and au nanoparticles, the results showed that the catalytic activity and catalytic stability of the necklace type palladium gold heterogeneous nanomaterials were superior to those of the control group. Moreover, the activity of the nanocrystalline palladium and gold heterostructure changed with the change of structure. When the spacing and size of au nanoparticles increased in a certain range, the catalyst showed better catalytic activity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36;TB383.1

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本文編號(hào)：1552659