本文關(guān)鍵詞：四氧化三鐵基復(fù)合材料的制備及其在水處理中的應(yīng)用研究　出處：《青島科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 四氧化三鐵 復(fù)合材料 六價(jià)鉻離子 有機(jī)染料 吸附量

【摘要】：隨著人口的增長(zhǎng)和工業(yè)的發(fā)展,污染問(wèn)題特別是水污染問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為世界性的難題。水污染主要是指廢水中污染物的濃度超過(guò)一定的濃度,嚴(yán)重影響著生態(tài)環(huán)境和人體健康。其中最主要的是重金屬離子(鎘、鉻、銅、汞、鎳離子等)污染和有機(jī)染料(甲基藍(lán)、剛果紅和羅丹明B等)的污染。傳統(tǒng)的水處理方法有化學(xué)沉淀法、離子交換法、膜滲透法和光催化氧化法等,但由于其成本較高和處理效果不理想,因此不適合在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中使用。吸附法因操作簡(jiǎn)便、高效率和低能耗等優(yōu)點(diǎn)常用于水處理。傳統(tǒng)的吸附劑較多,比如黏土、活性鋁,但是吸附速率和吸附能力較低,不是很常用。由于可控孔結(jié)構(gòu)、高的比表面積、大的孔體積和疏水性,活性炭常被應(yīng)用于水處理中,但由于密度較小,易造成水溶液二次污染。近年來(lái),金屬氧化物和金屬基復(fù)合物被應(yīng)用于水處理,表現(xiàn)出了良好的吸附性能。本論文研究的是四氧化三鐵基復(fù)合材料在水處理中的應(yīng)用。四氧化三鐵分別與活性炭、鎂鋁雙層氫氧化物復(fù)合,研究了所得產(chǎn)物對(duì)水溶液中重金屬離子Cr(VI)和有機(jī)染料(甲基藍(lán)、剛果紅和羅丹明B)的吸附情況。具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1、本實(shí)驗(yàn)通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的水熱法,運(yùn)用硬模劑制備了以油酸鈉和六水氯化鐵(FeCl3×6H2O)為原料的四氧化三鐵和碳復(fù)合物(Fe_3O_4@C),其中Fe_3O_4顆粒分別有序和無(wú)序的嵌入到碳層中,探究此樣品對(duì)Cr(VI)和有機(jī)染料的吸附能力。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)構(gòu)表明:溫度、pH和表面羥基密度等因素對(duì)Cr(VI)的吸附產(chǎn)生影響。由吸附動(dòng)力曲線知,Fe_3O_4@C對(duì)Cr(VI)的初始吸附速率較快,大約為23.88 mg g-1 min-1;由吸附等溫曲線知,在308 K,pH在4.8~5.8范圍內(nèi),Fe_3O_4@C對(duì)Cr(VI)的最大吸附可達(dá)1100 mg g-1。上述數(shù)據(jù)比以往報(bào)道都要高,說(shuō)明Fe_3O_4@C對(duì)Cr(VI)有很強(qiáng)的吸附能力。但是對(duì)于有機(jī)染料的吸附,Fe_3O_4@C復(fù)合物的吸附能力很差,12小時(shí)后吸附初始濃度的1%~5%。2、以蘋(píng)果皮、香蕉皮和橘子皮為碳源(C),與六水氯化鐵混合,通過(guò)浸泡-煅燒的方法制備Fe_3O_4@C復(fù)合材料,探究了該產(chǎn)物對(duì)Cr(VI)和不同有機(jī)染料的吸附能力。通過(guò)此簡(jiǎn)便方法制備出的三種不同結(jié)構(gòu)的Fe_3O_4@C磁性復(fù)合材料,鐵磁性較強(qiáng)(4 emu g-1),對(duì)Cr(VI)和有機(jī)染料都具有強(qiáng)的吸附能力(達(dá)到幾百mg g-1),并且具有良好的循環(huán)再利用性(85%)。3、以硝酸鋁和硝酸鎂為前驅(qū)體,制備Mg-Al-雙層金屬氫氧化物(LDH),然后運(yùn)用水熱法制備Fe_3O_4顆粒,最后,在攪拌的作用下將Mg-Al-雙層金屬氫氧化物和Fe_3O_4復(fù)合,取得Fe_3O_4@Mg-Al-LDH復(fù)合材料。探究對(duì)廢水中有機(jī)污染物和重金屬Cr(VI)的吸附性能。由吸附等溫曲線知,Fe_3O_4@LDH對(duì)Cr(VI)的最大吸附量大約為900 mg g-1。通過(guò)對(duì)甲基藍(lán)、剛果紅和羅丹明B等有機(jī)染料的吸附發(fā)現(xiàn),Fe_3O_4@LDH對(duì)有機(jī)染料的吸附能力極強(qiáng),1小時(shí)后有機(jī)染料溶液可變?yōu)闊o(wú)色,吸附量可達(dá)90%。
[Abstract]:With the development of population growth and industrial pollution, especially water pollution has become a worldwide problem. Water pollution mainly refers to the concentration of pollutants in wastewater exceeds a certain concentration, serious impact on the ecological environment and human health. The most important is the heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, nickel ion pollution etc.) and organic dyes (methylene blue, Congo red and Rhodamine B) pollution. Chemical precipitation water treatment of traditional method, ion exchange method, membrane permeation and light catalytic oxidation, but because of its high cost and the treatment effect is not ideal, it is not suitable for use in industrial production in the adsorption method has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency and low energy consumption etc. commonly used in water treatment. The adsorbent is more, such as the traditional clay, activated aluminum, but the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity is low, is not very common. Because of the controllable pore structure, high specific The surface area, large pore volume and hydrophobicity of activated carbon is often used in water treatment, but because the density is small, easy to cause two pollution water solution. In recent years, metal oxides and metal matrix composite is used in water treatment, showed good adsorption performance. The research of this thesis is the application of Fe3O4 composites in water treatment. The Fe3O4 respectively with activated carbon, magnesium hydroxide composite double, studied the products of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution of Cr (VI) and organic dyes (Jia Jilan, Congo red and Luo Danming B) adsorption. The specific contents are as follows: 1, through this experiment a simple hydrothermal method, were prepared using sodium oleate and six water using ferric chloride (FeCl3 * 6H2O mould agent) and Fe3O4 carbon composite materials (Fe_3O_4@C), in which Fe_3O_4 particles were embedded into the ordered and disordered carbon layer, this kind of inquiry The Cr (VI) and organic dye adsorption capacity. The result shows that the temperature factors, pH and surface hydroxyl density of Cr (VI) affected by adsorption. The dynamic adsorption curve of Cr (Fe_3O_4@C, VI) the initial adsorption rate is fast, about 23.88 mg by g-1 min-1; adsorption isotherm curve, at 308 K, pH in the range of 4.8~5.8, Fe_3O_4@C of Cr (VI) and the maximum adsorption was 1100 mg g-1. the above data are higher than previously reported, Fe_3O_4@C of Cr (VI) has a strong adsorption ability. But for the adsorption of organic dyes, the adsorption capacity of the Fe_3O_4@C complex is very poor 12 hours after the initial concentration, adsorption of 1%~5%.2 in apple peel, banana peel and orange peel as the carbon source (C), mixed with six aqueous ferric chloride, preparation of Fe_3O_4@C composite materials by the method of soaking - calcining system, explores the product of Cr (VI) and different organic dye adsorption ability through this simple. Square Three different structures of Fe_3O_4@C magnetic composite materials were prepared, strong magnetic iron (4 EMU g-1), Cr (VI) and organic dyes have strong adsorption capacity (up to hundreds of Mg g-1), and has the good recycling of (85%).3, using aluminum nitrate and magnesium nitrate the precursor, preparation of Mg-Al- layered double hydroxides (LDH), and then use the hydrothermal synthesis of Fe_3O_4 particles. Finally, under the action of stirring Mg-Al- double metal hydroxide and Fe_3O_4 composite, Fe_3O_4@Mg-Al-LDH composite materials. Research on wastewater organic pollutants and heavy metals Cr (VI) adsorption properties by adsorption isotherm. Curve, Fe_3O_4@LDH of Cr (VI) and the maximum adsorption capacity of about 900 mg g-1. by methylene blue adsorption of Congo red and Luo Danming B and other organic dyes, Fe_3O_4@LDH adsorption capacity of organic dyes is extremely strong, 1 hours after the organic dye solution variable For colorless, the amount of adsorption is up to 90%.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB33;X703

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本文編號(hào)：1431962