【摘要】：隨著我國通用航空市場的不斷推動以及低空開放進程的逐步推進,通用航空必將迎來新的發(fā)展契機。本文研究旨在面向復雜低空空域,通過采用數(shù)學建模與仿真分析相結(jié)合的方法,探索各類通用航空飛行群體交互過程中蘊含的基礎科學問題,揭示復雜低空飛行態(tài)勢安全性基本規(guī)律,以期為復雜低空混合飛行科學監(jiān)控、通用航空安全運行提供部分理論和方法支持。首先,明確了復雜低空定義及其內(nèi)涵,在此基礎上分別從物理空間、保障服務角度概述了復雜低空運行環(huán)境,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外通用航空發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢,選取空中游覽、運輸作業(yè)、公務飛行、搶險救災等四類典型通用航空飛行活動作為研究對象,并詳細分析了飛行活動特點及低空飛行安全主要影響要素。其次,依據(jù)通航活動飛行特點和通用航空器性能,構(gòu)建了通用航空器基本飛行行為模型、飛行沖突探測模型,基于人工勢場法的航空器與非航空器間飛行沖突避讓模型,基于調(diào)速、調(diào)航向、調(diào)高度的航空器間飛行沖突避讓模型;依據(jù)低空飛行相關(guān)規(guī)定,構(gòu)建了基于優(yōu)先級的通用航空器群體飛行規(guī)則模型;基于Agent建模與技術(shù),創(chuàng)建低空環(huán)境Agent以及通用航空器Agent,實現(xiàn)了通用航空器間以及通用航空器與低空環(huán)境間的交互;基于NetLogo搭建了復雜低空飛行態(tài)勢仿真平臺。最后,提取復雜低空飛行態(tài)勢安全性關(guān)鍵參數(shù),并基于復雜低空飛行態(tài)勢仿真平臺進行仿真分析,挖掘飛行量、沖突數(shù)、沖突時長、調(diào)高度數(shù)、平均間隔、平均速度改變量、平均航向改變量等參數(shù)間的相互關(guān)系,探索復雜低空飛行態(tài)勢安全性基本規(guī)律,以及飛行規(guī)則、惡劣天氣等因素對飛行態(tài)勢安全性的影響規(guī)律。仿真結(jié)果表明:飛行量與沖突數(shù)及沖突時長之間,調(diào)高度數(shù)與沖突數(shù)之間存在非線性關(guān)系;平均間隔的波動變化隨著飛行量的增加而逐漸減小;當飛行量不斷增加時,平均速度改變量先增加后減小,而平均航向改變量先增加后逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定;合理設置飛行參數(shù)有利于低空空域的平穩(wěn)運行。
[Abstract]:With the continuous promotion of the general aviation market and the gradual advancement of the low-level open process, the general aviation will usher in a new development opportunity. The purpose of this study is to face the complex low-altitude airspace and to explore the basic scientific problems contained in the interactive process of all kinds of general aviation flight group by using the method of mathematical modeling and simulation analysis, and to reveal the basic law of the safety of complex low-altitude flight situation. In ord to provide some theory and method support for complex low-altitude mixed-flight scientific monitoring and general aviation safety operation. First, it is clear that the complex low-altitude definition and its connotation, on this basis, the complex low-altitude operation environment is summarized from the physical space and the guarantee service angle, and the air tour, the transportation operation and the official flight are selected in combination with the present situation and the development trend of the general aviation development at home and abroad, The four typical general aviation flying activities, such as the rescue and disaster relief, are used as the research object, and the characteristics of the flying activities and the main influencing factors of the low-altitude flight safety are analyzed in detail. secondly, according to the flight characteristics of the navigation activities and the performance of the general aircraft, a general aircraft basic flight behavior model, a flight collision detection model, an aircraft and a non-aircraft flight collision avoidance model based on the artificial potential field method are constructed, The invention relates to an inter-aircraft flight collision avoidance model of a height-adjusting height, And the interaction between the general aircraft and the low-altitude environment is realized; and the complex low-space flight situation simulation platform is built on the basis of the NetLogo. finally, the key parameters of the complex low-space flight situation safety are extracted, and the simulation analysis is carried out on the basis of the complex low-space flight situation simulation platform, The relationship between the parameters such as the average course change, the basic law of the safety of the complex low-space flight situation, and the influence of the flight rules and the bad weather on the safety of the flight situation are explored. The simulation results show that there is a non-linear relationship between the amount of flight and the number of collisions and the duration of the conflict, the variation of the average interval decreases with the increase of the amount of flight, and when the amount of flight is increasing, the change of the average velocity is first increased and then decreases. And the average course change amount is gradually stabilized, and the reasonable setting of the flight parameters is favorable for the smooth operation of the low-altitude airspace.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：V328

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