【摘要】：我國是世界礦產(chǎn)資源的開采大國,開采歷史悠久,隨著社會的進步和時間的推移,金屬非金屬無論在產(chǎn)量還是消耗量上在我國都占據(jù)著重要的地位。然而由于對金屬非金屬礦的需求量日益增大,開采規(guī)模日趨擴大,開采深度逐漸加深,再加上安全緊急避險系統(tǒng)不健全等因素,使得金屬非金屬地下礦山事故頻頻發(fā)生,人民的生命安全受到了嚴重的威脅,這對我國的社會穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展都有很大的影響。因此對金屬非金屬地下礦山緊急避險系統(tǒng)設(shè)置進行優(yōu)化研究勢在必行。 本論文主要研究了我國金屬非金屬地下礦山緊急避險系統(tǒng)的設(shè)置和優(yōu)化,以我國云南大紅山鐵礦的緊急避險系統(tǒng)設(shè)置為例,分析并優(yōu)化其緊急避險系統(tǒng),尤其是對避難硐室的設(shè)置進行了重點研究,目的是為了使得其避難硐室與其他緊急避險系統(tǒng)的組成部分有效配合,最終建立和優(yōu)化一套從安全心理→緊急避險逃生路線→避難硐室的自救和互救→成功救援的緊急避險系統(tǒng),最大的發(fā)揮緊急避險系統(tǒng)中各個組成部分的功能,達到對緊急避險的研究,以期提高我國金屬非金屬地下礦山的本質(zhì)安全保障能力。本文主要從三方面進行研究：第一,主要加強該礦山的安全知識培訓(xùn)。從安全心理學(xué)出發(fā),受過安全心理培訓(xùn)的地下礦工在井下作業(yè)時會對危險有一定的敏感度,當災(zāi)害事故發(fā)生后,礦下的人員可以依靠自己的能力和大家的力量,在良好的安全心理作用下,積極采取避災(zāi)自救措施,控制和縮小事故范圍及其危害程度,把損失降低到最低限度。第二,主要研究建立井下合理的避災(zāi)路線。當災(zāi)害事故發(fā)生時,一條合理的正確的避災(zāi)路線可以使井下礦工安全、迅速的撤離危險區(qū);或者地面救援隊可以沿著避災(zāi)路線及時進行井下救援。第三,優(yōu)化研究大紅山鐵礦永久避難硐室的位置及設(shè)計,當災(zāi)害事故發(fā)生時,井下礦工不能按避災(zāi)路線及時升井時,可以進入避難硐室安全的等待救援。第四,通過使用三維數(shù)值模擬軟件FLAC3D對避災(zāi)路線中巷道以及永久避難硐室進行建模分析,確認了避災(zāi)路線以及避難硐室的可行性,為大紅山鐵礦避險系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)實施提供了依據(jù)。 本論文提出的優(yōu)化方案對云南大紅山鐵礦井底避難系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)具有一定的參考價值,以期進一步加強我國金屬非金屬地下礦山本質(zhì)安全的保障能力。
[Abstract]:China is a large mining country of mineral resources in the world. With the progress of society and the passage of time, non-metallic metals play an important role in the production and consumption of mineral resources in China. However, due to the increasing demand for metallic non-metallic mines, the increasing scale of mining, the deepening of mining depth, and the unsound safety and emergency risk avoidance system, accidents in metallic non-metallic underground mines occur frequently. The safety of people's lives is seriously threatened, which has a great impact on the social stability and economic development of our country. Therefore, it is imperative to optimize the installation of emergency risk avoidance system in metallic non-metallic underground mines. This paper mainly studies the establishment and optimization of the emergency safe havens system in the metal nonmetallic underground mines in China. Taking the emergency risk avoidance system of Yunnan Dahongshan Iron Mine as an example, this paper analyzes and optimizes the emergency hedge system. In particular, the establishment of the asylum chamber is studied in order to make it cooperate effectively with the components of other emergency risk aversion system. Finally, to establish and optimize a set of emergency shelter systems for self-rescue and successful rescue of each other from the safe psychological escape route and emergency escape route, so as to maximize the function of each component of the emergency shelter system. The purpose of this paper is to improve the essential safety guarantee ability of metal non-metallic underground mines in China. This article mainly carries on the research from three aspects: first, mainly strengthens the mine safety knowledge training. From the perspective of safety psychology, underground miners trained in safety psychology will have a certain degree of sensitivity to danger when they work underground. When a disaster occurs, the personnel under the mine can rely on their own ability and everyone's strength. Under the action of good safety psychology, we should take active measures to avoid disasters and save ourselves, control and reduce the range of accidents and their harm degree, and reduce the losses to the minimum. Second, the main research is to establish a reasonable downhole disaster avoidance route. When a disaster occurs, a reasonable and correct route of avoiding disasters can make the underground miners safely and quickly withdraw from the dangerous area, or the surface rescue team can carry out the underground rescue in time along the route of disaster avoidance. Third, optimize the location and design of the permanent shelter chamber in Dahongshan Iron Mine. When the disaster accident occurs, the underground miners can enter the refuge chamber safely and wait for rescue if they can not get up in time according to the disaster avoidance route. Fourthly, through modeling and analysis of roadway and permanent shelter chamber in disaster avoidance route by using 3D numerical simulation software FLAC3D, the feasibility of disaster avoidance route and shelter chamber is confirmed. It provides the basis for the construction and implementation of the risk-averse system in Dahongshan Iron Mine. The optimization scheme proposed in this paper has a certain reference value for the construction of bottom-hole asylum system of Yunnan Dahongshan Iron Mine in order to further strengthen the essential safety of metal non-metallic underground mines in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TD77

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本文編號：2407183