【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和貿(mào)易的快速發(fā)展,散裝化學(xué)品種類和運(yùn)輸量顯著增長(zhǎng)。通常情況下,大部分有毒有害液體物質(zhì)是通過專用船舶以散裝貨物形式運(yùn)輸,只有較少部分采用陸運(yùn)方式。在運(yùn)量攀升的大背景下,液貨船安全與污染事故的概率也逐步增加。此類液貨船一旦發(fā)生事故,溢漏的有毒有害的液體物質(zhì)對(duì)水域環(huán)境和人民財(cái)產(chǎn)安全形成巨大威脅。海事局作為我國(guó)水上交通安全的主管部門,監(jiān)管壓力與日俱增。 本文對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)散化事故應(yīng)急救援體系的構(gòu)成進(jìn)行闡述分析,指出當(dāng)前海上化學(xué)品應(yīng)急救援體系的不足,對(duì)散化事故應(yīng)急救援決策進(jìn)行了探索。根據(jù)大連地區(qū)特點(diǎn),以新港為例,提出港口散化事故救援體系構(gòu)建思路和完善措施,探索實(shí)用的應(yīng)急救援決策支持技術(shù),建立常見液體化學(xué)品處置檔案,為提高海事部門監(jiān)管效能提供幫助。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and trade in China, the types of bulk chemicals and the volume of transport have increased significantly. In general, most noxious and noxious liquid substances are transported in bulk by special vessels, and only a few by land. Under the background of increasing traffic volume, the probability of tanker safety and pollution accidents increases gradually. In the event of accidents of such tankers, the spilled toxic and harmful liquid substances pose a great threat to the water environment and the safety of people's property. As the department in charge of maritime traffic safety in China, the supervision pressure is increasing day by day. This paper expounds and analyzes the constitution of the emergency rescue system for bulk chemical accidents in China, points out the shortcomings of the current emergency rescue system for chemical accidents on the sea, and probes into the emergency rescue decision for the bulk chemical accidents. According to the characteristics of Dalian area, taking Xingang as an example, this paper puts forward the ideas and measures to improve the rescue system of port bulk chemical accident, explores the practical emergency rescue decision support technology, and establishes the disposal files of common liquid chemicals. To help improve the effectiveness of maritime sector regulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：U698

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