本文選題：風險評估 + 雷擊��； 參考：《電子科技大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟發(fā)達和人口密集的廣州，每年雷擊造成的人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟損失非常慘重。如今，雷擊風險評估方面的工作已經(jīng)全面開展，也取得了非常好的效果。 兩百多年前，避雷針被本杰明·富蘭克林發(fā)明了，之后逐步改進的避雷針已廣為應(yīng)用。近年來，國際電工委員會在雷擊風險評估方面進行了很多的研究,先后發(fā)布了雷擊損害風險評估的技術(shù)報告IEC61662及雷擊風險管理的技術(shù)標準IEC62305-2。 本文介紹了IEC62305-2中雷電流造成損害的成因、類型劃分，以及不同損害類型造成損失類型劃分。同時，還詳細闡述了風險的組成及建筑物各個風險分量的估算方法，也明確雷擊風險評估中的年平均危險事件次數(shù)、損害概率及損失率三個關(guān)鍵參數(shù)。本文還對土壤電阻率、截收面積、地閃密度以及PB進行詳細的分析研究。這些參數(shù)應(yīng)該根據(jù)評估對象的具體情況進行取值或計算，才能確保評估的結(jié)果具有準確性及針對性。 雷擊風險評估工作是個極其復(fù)雜、綜合的工程，包含大量、繁雜的數(shù)據(jù)處理，利用計算機速度快、精確度高的優(yōu)點，采用C++語言設(shè)計雷擊風險評估軟件，該軟件對里面大量的量化因子和復(fù)雜的計算公式用計算機程序進行處理，使得對雷電風險評估的過程更加高效快捷，結(jié)論更加清晰準確。用戶可根據(jù)實際情況，從軟件界面中選擇適合的參數(shù)或輸入實際參數(shù)，軟件會自動計算各個風險值。每一項除了風險總值外，還會單獨列出各風險分量的具體值以及其在總值中所占的比例。將計算結(jié)果同風險的容許值RT進行比較，，確定是否還需要另外增加防護措施。本文還詳細分析了廣州某油庫的相關(guān)特性，根據(jù)這些特性分析得出的結(jié)果，再利用雷擊風險評估軟件對油庫的辦公區(qū)和罐區(qū)進行人身傷亡損失風險計算。 雷擊風險評估是目前防雷工作的重要一項內(nèi)容，在防雷的設(shè)計及施工的過程中起了不可缺少的作用。通過評估能夠定量給出被保護對象的雷擊風險，是識別風險、控制風險以及處理風險的依據(jù)。根據(jù)風險評估結(jié)果相應(yīng)采取經(jīng)濟、可行的措施，以避免或最大限度降低雷擊所導致的生命財產(chǎn)損失。
[Abstract]:In developed and densely populated Guangzhou, lightning strikes cause heavy casualties and economic losses every year. Today, lightning risk assessment has been fully carried out, and achieved very good results. More than two hundred years ago, the lightning rod was invented by Benjamin Franklin, and gradually improved lightning rod has been widely used. In recent years, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has carried out a lot of research on the risk assessment of lightning stroke, and has issued the technical report of risk assessment of lightning damage IEC61662 and the technical standard of lightning risk management IEC62305-2. This paper introduces the cause of damage caused by lightning current in IEC62305-2, the classification of types of damage, and the classification of damage types caused by different types of damage. At the same time, the composition of the risk and the estimation method of each risk component of the building are expounded in detail, and the three key parameters of the annual average number of dangerous events, the damage probability and the loss rate in the risk assessment of lightning strike are defined. The soil resistivity, interception area, lightning density and PB were studied in detail. In order to ensure the accuracy and pertinence of the evaluation results, these parameters should be calculated or calculated according to the specific conditions of the evaluation objects. Lightning stroke risk assessment is an extremely complex and comprehensive project, including a large number of complex data processing, the use of the advantages of fast computer, high accuracy, the use of C language to design lightning risk assessment software, In this software, a large number of quantization factors and complex formulas are processed by computer program, which makes the process of lightning risk assessment more efficient and faster, and the conclusion is clearer and more accurate. According to the actual situation, the user can select the appropriate parameters or input the actual parameters from the software interface, and the software will automatically calculate each risk value. In addition to the total value of risk, each item also lists the specific value of each component of the risk and its proportion in the total value. Compare the calculated results with the allowable value RT of the risk to determine whether additional protective measures are needed. The related characteristics of a certain oil depot in Guangzhou are analyzed in detail. According to the results obtained from the analysis, the risk of personal casualty loss is calculated by using the lightning strike risk assessment software for the office area and tank area of the oil depot. Lightning risk assessment is an important part of lightning protection at present and plays an indispensable role in the design and construction of lightning protection. The lightning stroke risk of protected object can be quantitatively given by evaluation, which is the basis for identifying risk, controlling risk and dealing with risk. According to the results of risk assessment, economic and feasible measures should be taken to avoid or minimize the loss of life and property caused by lightning strike.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X937;P429

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 趙軍;郭在華;;雷擊風險評估方法綜合應(yīng)用研究[J];成都信息工程學院學報;2007年S1期

2 王東,蔡振新,肖冬榮;基于GB50343-2004的雷電災(zāi)害風險評估系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫建模[J];電氣應(yīng)用;2005年02期

3 葉蜚譽;;關(guān)于雷擊風險評估的若干問題[J];電氣工程應(yīng)用;2007年02期

4 謝建群;張金玲;周如梅;;汕頭自動氣象站與人工站常規(guī)氣象要素差值[J];廣東氣象;2008年S2期

5 康春華;張小青;陳校;;基于引雷空間理論的水平接閃器年雷擊率預(yù)測方法[J];廣東電力;2006年05期

6 陳水明,何金良;IEC TC 81系列標準體系新規(guī)劃簡介[J];安全與電磁兼容;2002年04期

7 施廣全;王振會;;雷擊災(zāi)害風險評估中等效截收面積計算方法研究[J];氣象與環(huán)境科學;2008年02期

8 劉佼;肖穩(wěn)安;陳紅兵;;全國雷電災(zāi)害分析及雷災(zāi)經(jīng)濟損失預(yù)測[J];氣象與環(huán)境科學;2010年04期

9 問楠臻;高文俊;;基于IEC 62305雷擊風險評估計算方法[J];建筑電氣;2008年07期

10 問楠臻;王亞靜;;也談雷電監(jiān)測資料在雷擊風險評估中的應(yīng)用[J];建筑電氣;2009年05期

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張春燕;雷電災(zāi)害風險管理分析及其系統(tǒng)開發(fā)[D];南京信息工程大學;2008年

本文編號：2095330