本文關(guān)鍵詞： 甲烷 擴(kuò)散 物理模擬 控制機(jī)理　出處：《河南理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：煤中甲烷產(chǎn)出需經(jīng)過解吸、擴(kuò)散和滲流三個(gè)階段,其中擴(kuò)散不僅是銜接瓦斯解吸和滲流的紐帶,而且是控制瓦斯最終產(chǎn)出速度的必要條件。以往針對(duì)煤中瓦斯擴(kuò)散的研究,主要集中在對(duì)煤屑采用解吸實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行擴(kuò)散表征和構(gòu)建擴(kuò)散數(shù)學(xué)模型上,缺乏對(duì)煤中瓦斯擴(kuò)散過程的完整描述和表征。論文在借鑒前人已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,采集山西沁水盆地中南部的潞安礦區(qū)碎裂煤為研究煤樣,分析研究區(qū)的地溫、地應(yīng)力、儲(chǔ)層壓力等地層條件,選用規(guī)則塊狀煤樣品并結(jié)合氣相色譜法開展煤中甲烷的擴(kuò)散實(shí)驗(yàn),探尋孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)、擴(kuò)散路徑、圍壓、氣壓和溫度等多因素對(duì)對(duì)擴(kuò)散特征影響規(guī)律及控制機(jī)理。論文研究主要取得了以下進(jìn)展:(1)采用液氮吸附和冷場發(fā)射掃描電鏡實(shí)驗(yàn),獲取了微觀擴(kuò)散孔隙的新特性,建立了微觀擴(kuò)散孔隙幾何模型,為揭示煤中甲烷擴(kuò)散控制機(jī)理奠定了基礎(chǔ)。①高煤級(jí)貧煤主要以微孔隙(10nm)為主,占總孔容的45%以上,其次為過渡孔,中孔孔容最小;微孔比表面積占總比表面積的90%以上,微孔對(duì)甲烷的吸附/解吸/擴(kuò)散起決定性作用;微孔階段的分形特征分析表明:煤樣的綜合分形維數(shù)隨比表面積增大而增大,二者呈線性正相關(guān)關(guān)系,而與孔容、孔隙率沒有明顯的線性關(guān)系。②煤樣中未發(fā)現(xiàn)貫通孔隙,段狀連通孔隙主要以近似平行層理方向不規(guī)則分布。在平行層理方向上,煤的微孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)主要由段狀連通孔隙和孤立孔隙組成,存在個(gè)別孔徑在100nm的獨(dú)立大孔;在垂直層理方向中,未發(fā)現(xiàn)段狀連通孔隙,僅存在獨(dú)立孔隙。(2)采用規(guī)則塊狀煤樣結(jié)合氣相色譜法測試了煤中甲烷的擴(kuò)散系數(shù),探討了地層條件下煤中甲烷擴(kuò)散的新特性及其控制機(jī)理。①高溫高壓條件下,實(shí)驗(yàn)區(qū)煤中甲烷的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)表現(xiàn)出動(dòng)態(tài)變化規(guī)律。即伴隨微孔數(shù)量、圍壓和氣壓增大而減小,伴隨孔隙度和溫度升高而增大;同時(shí)擴(kuò)散系數(shù)呈現(xiàn)出明顯的矢量性,并與擴(kuò)散路徑密切相關(guān),同一樣品中甲烷在平行層理方向所測的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)遠(yuǎn)比垂直層理方向所測的擴(kuò)散系數(shù)大1~2個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。②隨著圍壓增加,煤體的有效應(yīng)力不斷增加,由于煤體強(qiáng)度較低的因素,引起煤體變形不斷增大,最終導(dǎo)致煤體孔隙率下降,擴(kuò)散系數(shù)顯著減小;隨著壓力升高,煤對(duì)甲烷的吸附性增強(qiáng),孔隙的有效應(yīng)力降低從而導(dǎo)致煤粒吸附變形增大,擴(kuò)散系數(shù)減小;隨著溫度升高,甲烷分子運(yùn)動(dòng)速度加快,分子運(yùn)動(dòng)活力增加,由高濃度到低濃度的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度增加,擴(kuò)散速度加快,最終導(dǎo)致擴(kuò)散系數(shù)呈逐漸上升的趨勢。(3)綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析,篩選出地應(yīng)力、地溫、儲(chǔ)層壓力和擴(kuò)散路徑方向性作為影響甲烷擴(kuò)散的主要因素,建立了基于數(shù)量化理論I的煤中甲烷擴(kuò)散耦合數(shù)學(xué)模型,經(jīng)理論和實(shí)踐檢驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ途容^高。
[Abstract]:In coal methane output after desorption, diffusion and seepage in three phases, in which diffusion is not only the link between gas desorption and seepage, and is a necessary condition for the control of gas output speed. Previous research on gas diffusion in coal, mainly concentrated in the desorption experiments of cinder diffusion characterization and construction of diffusion model and the lack of complete characterization and description of gas diffusion in coal. On the basis of previous studies on the acquisition of Lu'an mining area of Shanxi coal fragmentation in central southqinshui basin for the study of coal, geothermal, study area stress, reservoir pressure formation conditions, combined with the massive coal sample selection rules carry out the gas diffusion experiment in coal methane chromatography, explore the pore structure, the diffusion path, confining pressure, pressure and temperature on the multiple factors on the diffusion characteristics of the influence rule and control mechanism. This thesis mainly made the following progress: (1) using liquid nitrogen adsorption and scanning electron microscopy experiments, obtain the new characteristics of micro pore diffusion, a microscopic diffusion pore geometry model, lay a solid foundation for studying the coal methane diffusion control mechanism. The high rank coal mainly in the micro pore (10nm). Accounted for more than 45% of the total pore volume, followed by the transition hole, hole in the Kong Rong minimum; micro total surface area of more than 90% specific surface area, adsorption / desorption / diffusion of methane on micropores play a decisive role; fractal characteristics of micropore phase show that the fractal dimension of coal samples with larger surface area and increases, there is a positive correlation between the two, and Kong Rong, the porosity has no obvious linear relationship. Through the pore was not found in coal samples, mainly in the pore section shape approximate parallel direction of irregular distribution in parallel direction. On the micropore structure of coal is mainly composed of segments connected pores and isolated pore composition, the existence of individual aperture in a separate 100nm big hole in the vertical direction; and found no segmental connectivity only independent pores. (2) the rule of lump coal with gas chromatography to test the diffusion coefficient of coal methane, discusses the new diffusion characteristics of methane in coal and its control mechanism under formation conditions. The high temperature high pressure conditions, the diffusion coefficient of methane in coal experimentation area showed a dynamic change rule. With the number of micropores, confining pressure and increasing air pressure decreases with increasing temperature and porosity and the diffusion coefficient; showing a vector of the obvious, and the diffusion path is closely related to the diffusion coefficient of 1~2 order of magnitude of diffusion coefficient of methane in the same sample measured in parallel direction than the vertical direction are measured. The confining With the increase of effective stress of coal is increasing, due to factors of coal strength low, caused by coal deformation increases, resulting in coal porosity decreased, the diffusion coefficient decreased; with the increase of pressure, the adsorption of methane in coal increased, effective pore stress resulting in reduced coal particle adsorption deformation increase of diffusion coefficient decreases with the increase of temperature; molecular velocity of methane is accelerated, molecular motion activity increased from high concentration to low velocity of increasing concentration, diffusion speed, resulting in diffusion coefficient showed a gradual upward trend. (3) a comprehensive analysis of the experimental results, the screening of stress, temperature, pressure and reservoir the diffusion path direction as the main factors affecting methane diffusion, established the quantitative theory of methane diffusion coupled mathematical model of I in coal based on theory and practice, the test accuracy of the model is high.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TD712

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