【摘要】：機床的振動是影響加工精度的一個重要因素,其中軸承的振動會直接制約著工件的加工質(zhì)量,因此,改善軸承的振動一直是制造業(yè)提高加工精度的方法之一。磁流體滑動軸承是一種能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)阻尼可控的滑動軸承,它以一種粘度大小可控的功能性材料—一磁流體作為可控阻尼介質(zhì)。這種滑動軸承具有結構簡單,不需要油路循環(huán)系統(tǒng),粘度可控,減摩性好及加上磁場可自密封等優(yōu)點,有發(fā)展成為一種可主動控制振動的滑動軸承,為制造業(yè)的智能化奠定理論基礎。本課題針對磁流體滑動軸承性能方面的可控阻尼效果進行了深入的實驗研究。首先,采用具有可控阻尼功能的磁流體,研制了一種新型的可控阻尼磁流體軸承,對其磁路和密封進行了重點分析,采用漏磁系數(shù)法對可控阻尼滑動軸承的磁路進行了分析,并對結構進行了優(yōu)化分析,得到了磁路最優(yōu)的磁流體軸承的設計參數(shù);在此基礎上,根據(jù)設計的磁流體滑動軸承結構參數(shù),采用Ansys有限元仿真軟件,建立了磁流體滑動軸承的磁場分析模型,并對模型進行了磁場仿真分析,對各個不同電流載荷下的軸承工作間隙的磁場強度進行了研究,得到了新型磁流體滑動軸承內(nèi)部磁感應強度與外加電流之間的關系;通過理論分析,研制了阻尼可控磁流體滑動軸承,基于電渦流位移傳感器、數(shù)據(jù)采集卡、伺服電機等,搭建了磁流體滑動軸承的性能測試系統(tǒng);最后,通過實驗,研究了磁流體滑動軸承的可控阻尼性能,對磁流體滑動軸承的減振效果進行了分析,得到了不同轉速、不同電流下磁流體滑動軸承的振動情況,研究結果表明,磁流體軸承具備明顯的減振效果,為可控阻尼磁流體軸承的進一步推廣應用提供了理論和實驗依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The vibration of machine tool is an important factor affecting machining precision, in which the vibration of bearing will directly restrict the machining quality of workpiece. Therefore, improving the vibration of bearing has always been one of the methods to improve machining precision in manufacturing industry. Magnetohydrodynamic sliding bearing (MHD) is a kind of sliding bearing with controllable damping. It takes a kind of functional material with controllable viscosity-magnetic fluid as controllable damping medium. The sliding bearing has the advantages of simple structure, no need of oil circulation system, controllable viscosity, good anti-friction and self-sealing of magnetic field, and has been developed into a kind of sliding bearing which can actively control vibration. It lays a theoretical foundation for the intellectualization of manufacturing industry. In this paper, the controllable damping effect of magnetic fluid sliding bearing is studied deeply. Firstly, a new type of controllable damping magnetic fluid bearing is developed by using the magnetic fluid with controllable damping function. The magnetic circuit and seal of the magnetic circuit and seal are analyzed emphatically. The magnetic circuit of the controllable damping sliding bearing is analyzed by the method of magnetic flux leakage coefficient, and the magnetic circuit of the sliding bearing with controllable damping is analyzed by the method of magnetic flux leakage coefficient. The structure is optimized and the design parameters of the magnetic circuit optimal magnetic fluid bearing are obtained. On this basis, according to the structural parameters of the designed magnetic fluid plain bearing, the magnetic field analysis model of the magnetic fluid plain bearing is established by using the Ansys finite element simulation software, and the magnetic field simulation analysis of the model is carried out. The magnetic field intensity of the bearing working clearance under different current loads is studied. The relationship between the internal magnetic induction intensity and the applied current of the new magnetic fluid sliding bearing is obtained. Based on eddy current displacement sensor, data acquisition card, servomotor and so on, the performance test system of magnetic fluid sliding bearing has been developed through theoretical analysis, and the performance test system of magnetic fluid sliding bearing has been built up based on eddy current displacement sensor, data acquisition card and servo motor. Finally, through the experiment, the controllable damping property of the magnetic fluid sliding bearing is studied, the damping effect of the magnetic fluid sliding bearing is analyzed, and the vibration of the magnetic fluid sliding bearing under different rotating speed and different current is obtained. The results show that the magnetic fluid bearing has obvious damping effect, which provides theoretical and experimental basis for the further popularization and application of controllable damping magnetic fluid bearing.
【學位授予單位】：上海應用技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH133.31

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