發(fā)布時間：2019-01-01 15:47

【摘要】：一直以來,在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)中設(shè)備和系統(tǒng)的壽命、預防性維護、更換和經(jīng)濟效益等都是被熱點關(guān)注的問題。在制定預防性維護策略時,除了考慮費用這個因素外,還要考慮生產(chǎn)過程中的一些問題,比如對于要完成生產(chǎn)活動不能續(xù)接工序的設(shè)備,其維護活動就要根據(jù)作業(yè)計劃進行調(diào)整。所以,本文建立了一種動態(tài)的以作業(yè)計劃為約束的預防性維護策略,又考慮到系統(tǒng)的衰退性就給出了更換策略,具體研究工作內(nèi)容如下:⑴首先以單設(shè)備系統(tǒng)作為研究對象,建立設(shè)備在給定作業(yè)時間區(qū)間內(nèi)的以設(shè)備綜合變動成本增加最小為目標的預防性維護模型,該模型中考慮到設(shè)備維護前后可靠度的變化,故引入了“役齡遞減因子”和“故障率遞增因子”以改善模型,即將每次的預防性維護都視為修復非新的維護。對于這種具有衰退性的系統(tǒng),文中用幾何過程對衰退進行了描述,應用更新報酬理論,以系統(tǒng)長期運行下單位時間內(nèi)效益最大為優(yōu)化目標,建立了以維護次數(shù)作為決策變量的更換策略,并且該策略中考慮到預防性維護和事后小修同時對部件更換的影響。⑵在單設(shè)備的研究基礎(chǔ)上,又針對多設(shè)備串聯(lián)系統(tǒng)作了進一步研究,建模過程中除了考慮到單設(shè)備維護中的一些問題,還考慮到了設(shè)備間結(jié)構(gòu)相關(guān)性對整個系統(tǒng)的影響,即串聯(lián)系統(tǒng)中的單個設(shè)備的停機就會造成整個系統(tǒng)的停機。本文中的維護策略可以極大地減少系統(tǒng)的停機次數(shù),這樣能夠降低維護成本。在建立設(shè)備更換模型的時候,以系統(tǒng)中兩串聯(lián)部件作為研究對象,給出了兩種更換策略,兩個策略都以維護次數(shù)作為更換決策變量。更換策略一是以系統(tǒng)長期運行下的平均費用率作為優(yōu)化目標的。更換策略二是在單部件的基礎(chǔ)之上進行方案改進使其適應串聯(lián)系統(tǒng),對于給出的兩個方案最終以可用度作為衡量標準進行選擇,然后確立為適合系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)更換策略。⑶最后是針對復雜系統(tǒng)的預防性維護進行研究的,混聯(lián)系統(tǒng)中由于設(shè)備在結(jié)構(gòu)上有串聯(lián)和并聯(lián)兩種狀態(tài),所以混聯(lián)系統(tǒng)較之串聯(lián)系統(tǒng)要復雜的多,在建立維護模型時分別考慮了串聯(lián)、并聯(lián)的設(shè)備對系統(tǒng)的影響,給出了動態(tài)的不中斷作業(yè)的預防性維護策略調(diào)整方案。
[Abstract]:The service life of equipment and system, preventive maintenance, replacement and economic benefit are the hot issues in the production of enterprises all the time. In developing preventive maintenance strategies, in addition to the cost factor, we also have to consider some problems in the production process, such as equipment that is unable to continue the process to complete the production activities. Its maintenance activities should be adjusted according to the operation plan. Therefore, this paper establishes a dynamic preventive maintenance strategy which is constrained by job plan, and gives a replacement strategy considering the decline of the system. The specific contents of the research are as follows: firstly, the single-device system is taken as the research object. A preventive maintenance model with the aim of minimizing the cost increase of the equipment in a given operating time range is established. The reliability changes before and after maintenance are taken into account in the model. Therefore, "service age decline factor" and "failure rate increasing factor" are introduced to improve the model, that is to say, every preventive maintenance is regarded as repairing non-new maintenance. For this degenerate system, the geometric process is used to describe the decline, and the updated reward theory is applied to optimize the system with maximum benefit per unit time under the long-term operation of the system. A replacement strategy with maintenance times as a decision variable is established, and the influence of preventive maintenance and minor repair on the replacement of components is considered in the strategy. 2 based on the research of single equipment, In the modeling process, not only some problems in the maintenance of single equipment are taken into account, but also the influence of the structural correlation between devices on the whole system is considered. In other words, the downtime of a single device in a series system will result in the downtime of the whole system. The maintenance strategy in this paper can greatly reduce the number of system downtime, which can reduce the maintenance cost. When the equipment replacement model is established, two kinds of replacement strategies are given, both of which take the maintenance times as the change decision variables, taking the two series components in the system as the research object. The replacement strategy is based on the average cost rate of long-term operation of the system. The second strategy is to improve the scheme on the basis of single component to adapt to the series system. Finally, the preventive maintenance of the complex system is studied. In the hybrid system, because the equipment has two states in series and parallel, Therefore, the hybrid system is more complex than the series system. In establishing the maintenance model, the influence of the series and parallel equipment on the system is taken into account, and the dynamic preventive maintenance strategy adjustment scheme without interruption is given.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH16

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