抗負(fù)載波動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)控制閥優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-24 21:02
【摘要】：起重機(jī)械作為傳統(tǒng)的代替人力勞動(dòng)的機(jī)械,能將重物從一處水平或垂直移至指定的另一處,廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)運(yùn)輸和民用建筑中。液壓傳動(dòng)由于傳動(dòng)比大、抗污染性能好和工作壽命長等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而廣泛應(yīng)用于工程機(jī)械,起重機(jī)完成作業(yè)的傳動(dòng)方式就是液壓傳動(dòng)�；剞D(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)是起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,起重機(jī)起吊重物時(shí)回轉(zhuǎn)慣量較大,啟停時(shí)若不采取任何措施則壓力和流量會(huì)產(chǎn)生較大沖擊和波動(dòng),對(duì)起重機(jī)的機(jī)械零件會(huì)造成疲勞破壞,降低零件的使用壽命。帶載回轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)受外力影響回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)的負(fù)載變化范圍很大,負(fù)載變化往往會(huì)引起回轉(zhuǎn)速度的不穩(wěn)定�；剞D(zhuǎn)控制閥國內(nèi)外產(chǎn)品不多,故有必要對(duì)回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)控制閥展開深入研究,克服技術(shù)難關(guān),研發(fā)出性能優(yōu)越的回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)控制閥。本學(xué)位論文以起重機(jī)回轉(zhuǎn)液壓系統(tǒng)控制閥為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)已有的抗負(fù)載波動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)閥在實(shí)車試驗(yàn)中出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行了說明,詳細(xì)分析了問題出現(xiàn)的原因,并給出優(yōu)化方案。通過合理設(shè)置六通換向閥節(jié)流口形狀和閥口開口度增大了小開口時(shí)的流量,增加緩沖閥并調(diào)節(jié)其螺紋阻尼得到合適的緩沖壓力,減少啟制動(dòng)滯后和改善滯后平穩(wěn)性。建立了回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)控制閥的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并運(yùn)用Simulink和AMESim進(jìn)行仿真研究。繪制零件圖紙并加工出優(yōu)化后的回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)控制閥。對(duì)優(yōu)化后的回轉(zhuǎn)閥的穩(wěn)態(tài)特性、動(dòng)態(tài)特性和負(fù)載波動(dòng)特性等進(jìn)行了全面的試驗(yàn)測(cè)試。新型回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)控制閥動(dòng)態(tài)啟動(dòng)迅速,啟動(dòng)平穩(wěn),制動(dòng)時(shí)較原閥平穩(wěn)。本論文的研究為回轉(zhuǎn)閥的研發(fā)提供了理論支持和設(shè)計(jì)思路參考。論文研究內(nèi)容分為7章,現(xiàn)分別簡述各章內(nèi)容：第1章,介紹了起重機(jī)的基本作用和簡要分類、起重機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)的組成和回轉(zhuǎn)系統(tǒng)控制閥的現(xiàn)狀,論述了本論文的研究意義、研究方法和主要研究內(nèi)容。第2章,介紹了抗負(fù)載波動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)控制閥的工作原理,說明此閥實(shí)車試驗(yàn)出現(xiàn)的問題,建立了此閥的AMESim仿真模型,并與賣車曲線對(duì)比,還原問題曲線。第3章,建立了旁路補(bǔ)償六通閥控制液壓馬達(dá)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并用Simulink搭建了整體仿真模型,合理設(shè)置初始條件完成動(dòng)態(tài)和穩(wěn)態(tài)下的仿真。第4章,分析了抗負(fù)載波動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)控制閥實(shí)車出現(xiàn)問題的原因,結(jié)合仿真模型對(duì)閥進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),改變六通閥進(jìn)油節(jié)流口和旁路口節(jié)流口的面積比,確立新型緩沖閥方案,并對(duì)優(yōu)化后的回轉(zhuǎn)閥性能進(jìn)行了全面的仿真分析。第5章,在臺(tái)架上測(cè)試了優(yōu)化后的回轉(zhuǎn)閥的穩(wěn)態(tài)特性、動(dòng)態(tài)特性和負(fù)載波動(dòng)特性,并與原閥作比較,分析了各個(gè)閥的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。第6章,在ZMC85起重機(jī)上做了優(yōu)化后的回轉(zhuǎn)閥的實(shí)車試驗(yàn),通過實(shí)車試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了此閥的抗負(fù)載波動(dòng)特性,動(dòng)態(tài)開啟快速性和制動(dòng)平穩(wěn)性。第7章,總結(jié)了本論文的主要工作,根據(jù)現(xiàn)狀對(duì)課題的后續(xù)研究給出了建議。
[Abstract]:As the traditional machinery instead of human labor, lifting machinery can move the weight from one horizontal or vertical to another, and it is widely used in industrial transportation and civil buildings. Hydraulic transmission is widely used in construction machinery because of its high transmission ratio, good anti-pollution performance and long working life. The transmission mode of crane is hydraulic transmission. The rotary system is an important part of the hydraulic system of the crane. The moment of inertia of the crane is larger when lifting the heavy object. If no measures are taken, the pressure and the flow rate will be greatly impacted and fluctuated. The mechanical parts of the crane will cause fatigue damage and reduce the service life of the parts. Under the influence of external force, the load variation range of rotating system with load is very large, and the change of load will often lead to the instability of rotation speed. Since there are few products at home and abroad, it is necessary to study the control valve of rotary system, overcome the technical difficulties, and develop the control valve with superior performance. This thesis takes the control valve of the crane's rotary hydraulic system as the research object, explains the problems of the existing anti-load fluctuating rotary valve in the actual vehicle test, analyzes the causes of the problems in detail, and gives the optimized scheme. The throttle shape and opening degree of the six-way reversing valve can increase the flow rate when the opening is small, increase the buffer valve and adjust the thread damping to get the appropriate buffer pressure, reduce the starting and braking delay and improve the hysteresis stability. The mathematical model of the control valve of rotary system is established, and the simulation research is carried out by using Simulink and AMESim. Drawing the parts and machining the optimized rotary control valve. The steady-state, dynamic and load fluctuation characteristics of the optimized rotary valve were tested. The control valve of the new rotary system starts quickly and starts smoothly, and the braking time is more stable than the original valve. The research in this paper provides theoretical support and design ideas for the R & D of rotary valves. The research contents are divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the basic function and classification of crane, the composition of crane hydraulic system and the status quo of rotary control valve, and discusses the research significance of this paper. Research methods and main contents. In chapter 2, the working principle of the anti-load fluctuating rotary control valve is introduced, the problems in the actual vehicle test of the valve are explained, the AMESim simulation model of the valve is established, and compared with the car selling curve, the problem curve is restored. In chapter 3, the mathematical model of hydraulic motor controlled by bypass compensation six-way valve is established, and the whole simulation model is built with Simulink, and the dynamic and steady simulation is completed by setting the initial conditions reasonably. In chapter 4, the reason of the problem of anti-load fluctuating rotary control valve is analyzed, and the optimization design of the valve is combined with the simulation model, and the area ratio of the intake throttle of the six-way valve and the throttle of the side junction is changed, and the new buffer valve scheme is established. The performance of the optimized rotary valve is simulated and analyzed. In chapter 5, the steady-state, dynamic and load fluctuation characteristics of the optimized rotary valve are tested on the bench, and compared with the original valve, the advantages and disadvantages of each valve are analyzed. In chapter 6, the actual vehicle test of the optimized rotary valve on ZMC85 crane is carried out. Through the actual vehicle test data, the anti-load fluctuation characteristic, the dynamic opening speed and the braking stability of the valve are verified. In chapter 7, the main work of this paper is summarized, and some suggestions are given according to the present situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH134
本文編號(hào)：2390838
[Abstract]:As the traditional machinery instead of human labor, lifting machinery can move the weight from one horizontal or vertical to another, and it is widely used in industrial transportation and civil buildings. Hydraulic transmission is widely used in construction machinery because of its high transmission ratio, good anti-pollution performance and long working life. The transmission mode of crane is hydraulic transmission. The rotary system is an important part of the hydraulic system of the crane. The moment of inertia of the crane is larger when lifting the heavy object. If no measures are taken, the pressure and the flow rate will be greatly impacted and fluctuated. The mechanical parts of the crane will cause fatigue damage and reduce the service life of the parts. Under the influence of external force, the load variation range of rotating system with load is very large, and the change of load will often lead to the instability of rotation speed. Since there are few products at home and abroad, it is necessary to study the control valve of rotary system, overcome the technical difficulties, and develop the control valve with superior performance. This thesis takes the control valve of the crane's rotary hydraulic system as the research object, explains the problems of the existing anti-load fluctuating rotary valve in the actual vehicle test, analyzes the causes of the problems in detail, and gives the optimized scheme. The throttle shape and opening degree of the six-way reversing valve can increase the flow rate when the opening is small, increase the buffer valve and adjust the thread damping to get the appropriate buffer pressure, reduce the starting and braking delay and improve the hysteresis stability. The mathematical model of the control valve of rotary system is established, and the simulation research is carried out by using Simulink and AMESim. Drawing the parts and machining the optimized rotary control valve. The steady-state, dynamic and load fluctuation characteristics of the optimized rotary valve were tested. The control valve of the new rotary system starts quickly and starts smoothly, and the braking time is more stable than the original valve. The research in this paper provides theoretical support and design ideas for the R & D of rotary valves. The research contents are divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the basic function and classification of crane, the composition of crane hydraulic system and the status quo of rotary control valve, and discusses the research significance of this paper. Research methods and main contents. In chapter 2, the working principle of the anti-load fluctuating rotary control valve is introduced, the problems in the actual vehicle test of the valve are explained, the AMESim simulation model of the valve is established, and compared with the car selling curve, the problem curve is restored. In chapter 3, the mathematical model of hydraulic motor controlled by bypass compensation six-way valve is established, and the whole simulation model is built with Simulink, and the dynamic and steady simulation is completed by setting the initial conditions reasonably. In chapter 4, the reason of the problem of anti-load fluctuating rotary control valve is analyzed, and the optimization design of the valve is combined with the simulation model, and the area ratio of the intake throttle of the six-way valve and the throttle of the side junction is changed, and the new buffer valve scheme is established. The performance of the optimized rotary valve is simulated and analyzed. In chapter 5, the steady-state, dynamic and load fluctuation characteristics of the optimized rotary valve are tested on the bench, and compared with the original valve, the advantages and disadvantages of each valve are analyzed. In chapter 6, the actual vehicle test of the optimized rotary valve on ZMC85 crane is carried out. Through the actual vehicle test data, the anti-load fluctuation characteristic, the dynamic opening speed and the braking stability of the valve are verified. In chapter 7, the main work of this paper is summarized, and some suggestions are given according to the present situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TH134
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 呂九九;抗負(fù)載波動(dòng)回轉(zhuǎn)控制閥優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2016年
，本文編號(hào)：2390838
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