本文選題：履帶式起重機(jī) + 多路閥　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：多路閥廣泛應(yīng)用于起重運(yùn)輸車輛、煤礦機(jī)械、工程機(jī)械,其性能優(yōu)劣對(duì)該設(shè)備的控制特性和工作效率都將產(chǎn)生較大的影響。由于工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平的不斷發(fā)展,對(duì)工程機(jī)械的穩(wěn)定性、系統(tǒng)效率等有了更高的需求,從而使現(xiàn)有多路閥的工作特性不能滿足實(shí)際的需要。目前國內(nèi)多路閥存在的問題主要有:工作流量不穩(wěn)定、操作力不易控制、系統(tǒng)效率低等。針對(duì)這些問題,開展對(duì)多路閥靜態(tài)性能、動(dòng)態(tài)性能的研究顯得非常重要。本文是基于湖南鴻輝科技有限公司與中聯(lián)重科工程起重機(jī)分公司的合作項(xiàng)目,開發(fā)研制了用于履帶式起重機(jī)的多路閥,并以此為對(duì)象,開展了旨在提高該多路閥工作性能的理論計(jì)算分析、仿真分析和試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證等工作。首先對(duì)多路閥進(jìn)行了理論設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與分析,詳細(xì)闡述了其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和工作原理。通過設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算確定了多路閥的主要尺寸和參數(shù),對(duì)多路閥的內(nèi)泄漏量進(jìn)行計(jì)算及換向閥閥芯移動(dòng)分析。針對(duì)壓力補(bǔ)償閥的受力分析及負(fù)載敏感系統(tǒng)效率分析,可知采用閥前并聯(lián)減壓閥可以使執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度不受負(fù)載變化影響,提高系統(tǒng)的工作穩(wěn)定性。并對(duì)多路閥閥芯節(jié)流口進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),采用U形和UU形節(jié)流口組合形式,通過計(jì)算分析并運(yùn)用Matlab繪制其過流面積曲線,其過流面積隨位移的變化,先慢后快,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)流量的多級(jí)節(jié)流控制。運(yùn)用AMESim軟件建立履帶式起重機(jī)多路閥的系統(tǒng)仿真模型,針對(duì)其內(nèi)泄漏量、壓力損失、流量調(diào)節(jié)特性以及負(fù)載敏感特性進(jìn)行仿真分析。并對(duì)影響多路閥工作穩(wěn)定性的參數(shù),壓力補(bǔ)償閥的彈簧預(yù)緊力以及反饋油路阻尼口直徑進(jìn)行仿真優(yōu)化,通過減少壓力補(bǔ)償閥的彈簧預(yù)緊力和反饋?zhàn)枘峥谥睆娇梢詼p小系統(tǒng)壓力流量的波動(dòng),從而提高多路閥的工作平穩(wěn)性。為了驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)方案的可行性以及對(duì)仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證分析對(duì)比,在液壓綜合試驗(yàn)臺(tái)上對(duì)多路閥進(jìn)行相關(guān)性能試驗(yàn)工作。對(duì)多路閥的耐壓特性、換向性能、壓力損失、流量微動(dòng)特性等進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)工作,考核各項(xiàng)技術(shù)指標(biāo)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。并在ZCC550H履帶式起重機(jī)上進(jìn)行了裝機(jī)試驗(yàn),通過在不同工況下進(jìn)行測試,結(jié)果顯示多路閥的工作性能比較穩(wěn)定,控制特性好。
[Abstract]:Multi-way valve is widely used in crane transportation vehicle, coal mine machinery and construction machinery. Its performance will have a great impact on the control characteristics and working efficiency of the equipment. Due to the continuous development of the industrial modernization level, there is a higher demand for the stability and system efficiency of the construction machinery, which makes the working characteristics of the existing multi-way valves unable to meet the actual needs. At present, the main problems of multi-way valves in China are: unstable working flow, difficult to control operating power, low system efficiency and so on. To solve these problems, it is very important to study the static and dynamic performance of multiway valves. Based on the cooperative project between Hunan Honghui Technology Co., Ltd and Zhonglian heavy Engineering Crane Company, a multi-way valve for crawler crane is developed and used as the object. In order to improve the performance of the multiplex valve, theoretical analysis, simulation analysis and test verification are carried out. At first, the theory design calculation and analysis of multiway valve are carried out, and its structure characteristic and working principle are expounded in detail. The main dimensions and parameters of the multi-way valve are determined by design calculation. The internal leakage of the multi-way valve and the movement analysis of the valve core of the reversing valve are calculated. In view of the stress analysis of the pressure compensation valve and the analysis of the efficiency of the load sensitive system, it is known that the parallel pressure reducing valve in front of the valve can make the movement speed of the actuator unaffected by the change of the load, and improve the working stability of the system. The multi-way valve core throttle is designed. The combination of U-shaped and UU-shaped throttle is adopted. The curve of flow area is calculated and analyzed and drawn by Matlab. The flow area changes with displacement, which is slow first and then quick. Multistage throttling control of flow can be realized. The system simulation model of multi-way valve of crawler crane is established by using AMESim software. The characteristics of internal leakage, pressure loss, flow regulation and load sensitivity are simulated and analyzed. The parameters affecting the working stability of the multiway valve, the spring pretightening force of the pressure compensation valve and the diameter of the damping port of the feedback oil path are simulated and optimized. The pressure flow fluctuation of the system can be reduced by reducing the spring pretightening force and the feedback damping port diameter of the pressure compensation valve, thus improving the working stability of the multiway valve. In order to verify the feasibility of the design scheme and to verify and compare the simulation results, the related performance tests of the multi-way valve were carried out on the hydraulic comprehensive test rig. The pressure resistance, commutative performance, pressure loss and flow fretting characteristics of the multi-way valve are tested, and the technical indexes are tested to meet the design requirements. The installation test was carried out on ZCC550H crawler crane. The test results show that the multi-channel valve is stable in performance and good in control performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.7

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本文編號(hào)：2100059