本文選題：錐形節(jié)流閥 + 空化振動(dòng)　； 參考：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：錐形節(jié)流閥是液壓系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用最廣泛的核心控制元件,對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)性能好壞起關(guān)鍵作用。但是在節(jié)流閥口處通常會(huì)有空化產(chǎn)生,空化引起的振動(dòng)和噪聲十分嚴(yán)重�？栈肼暤穆晧杭�(jí)分貝比較高,對(duì)環(huán)境和人的影響是不能忽視的,而空化振動(dòng)會(huì)影響系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,甚至對(duì)系統(tǒng)中的液壓元件造成損壞。本文針對(duì)節(jié)流閥的空化振動(dòng)和噪聲實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試了空化的振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度和空化噪聲聲壓級(jí),采用信號(hào)的功率譜密度方法,分析了空化振動(dòng)和噪聲信號(hào)的頻譜特征。針對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)中液壓節(jié)流閥空化引起的振動(dòng)和噪聲問題,采用理論分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)分析相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行了研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)中采用振動(dòng)噪聲儀器對(duì)空化信號(hào)分析,用加速度傳感器采集空化振動(dòng)的信號(hào)和麥克風(fēng)壓力傳感器采集空化噪聲的信號(hào),采集空化振動(dòng)和噪聲信號(hào)的同時(shí)用高速攝像機(jī)獲取測(cè)試閥中節(jié)流閥口空化形態(tài)的圖像信息。結(jié)果顯示,相對(duì)無空化狀態(tài),當(dāng)節(jié)流閥產(chǎn)生空化時(shí),振動(dòng)信號(hào)的振動(dòng)強(qiáng)度和噪聲聲壓級(jí)的量級(jí)增加。分別研究測(cè)試節(jié)流閥在不同入口壓力、出口壓力和開度下的空化信號(hào)的特征,得到空化振動(dòng)和噪聲聲壓級(jí)的變化趨勢(shì),通過頻譜分析空化信號(hào)在頻率上的特征。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)空化振動(dòng)和噪聲信號(hào)的頻率在5000Hz以上,得到測(cè)試節(jié)流閥中游離型空化的振動(dòng)頻率在7500-10000Hz頻率范圍內(nèi),并且存在一定的頻移現(xiàn)象,固定型空化的頻率在10000-15000Hz范圍內(nèi)。隨著入口壓力的增加,空化強(qiáng)度隨之增加,空化振動(dòng)強(qiáng)的和空化噪聲聲壓級(jí)增加;隨著閥腔背壓的增加,空化強(qiáng)度隨之減弱;隨著開度由小變大,空化強(qiáng)度先增加后減小。一級(jí)節(jié)流閥相比二級(jí)節(jié)流閥引起的空化程度更高,空化區(qū)域也更大;不同閥芯錐角對(duì)空化發(fā)生程度也有較大影響。在二級(jí)節(jié)流閥座下,90°閥芯錐角比60°閥芯錐角引起的空化程度更劇烈。
[Abstract]:Conical throttle valve is the most widely used core control element in hydraulic system, which plays a key role in the performance of hydraulic system. However, cavitation usually occurs at throttle orifice, and the vibration and noise caused by cavitation are very serious. The sound pressure level of cavitation noise is relatively high, and the influence on environment and human can not be ignored. However, cavitation vibration will affect the stable operation of the system and even damage the hydraulic components in the system. In this paper, the cavitation vibration intensity and cavitation noise sound pressure level are measured by experiments on cavitation vibration and noise of throttle valve. The spectral characteristics of cavitation vibration and noise signals are analyzed by using the power spectrum density method. The vibration and noise caused by cavitation of hydraulic throttle valve in hydraulic system are studied by combining theoretical analysis with experimental analysis. In the experiment, the cavitation signal is analyzed by vibration noise instrument, the signal of cavitation vibration is collected by acceleration sensor and the signal of cavitation noise is collected by microphone pressure sensor. The cavitation vibration and noise signals were collected and the image information of the throttle orifice cavitation in the test valve was obtained by high speed camera. The results show that the vibration intensity of vibration signal and the magnitude of noise sound pressure level increase when the throttle valve is cavitation. The characteristics of cavitation signals under different inlet pressure, outlet pressure and opening degree of throttle valves are studied, and the variation trends of cavitation vibration and noise sound pressure levels are obtained. The frequency characteristics of cavitation signals are analyzed by spectrum analysis. It is found that the frequency of cavitation vibration and noise signal is above 5000Hz, and the vibration frequency of free cavitation in the test throttle is in the range of 7500-10000Hz frequency, and there exists a certain frequency shift phenomenon, and the frequency of fixed cavitation is in the range of 10000-15000Hz. With the increase of inlet pressure, the cavitation intensity increases, the sound pressure level of cavitation noise increases with strong cavitation vibration, the cavitation intensity weakens with the increase of back pressure of valve cavity, and the cavitation intensity increases first and then decreases with the increase of opening degree. Compared with the secondary throttle valve, the primary throttle valve has higher cavitation degree and larger cavitation area, and the different cone angle of the valve core has great influence on the cavitation degree. The cone angle of 90 擄valve core under the secondary throttle seat is more intense than that caused by 60 擄cone angle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH137.522

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