本文選題：多股螺旋彈簧 + 靜態(tài)響應��； 參考：《重慶大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：多股螺旋彈簧(簡稱多股簧)是用由多股、多層彈簧鋼絲擰成的鋼索卷繞而成的圓柱螺旋彈簧,與普通單股彈簧相比,多股簧具有強度高、壽命長、可靠性高、抗油污、減振抗沖擊性能好等優(yōu)點,是自動武器、重型機械以及各種高端裝備中的重要復位基礎件。多股簧制造困難,限制了其推廣應用,過去僅僅在極少數(shù)軍工產(chǎn)品中使用。近年來,多股簧高精度數(shù)控加工技術已逐漸成熟,多股簧制造問題已基本解決,多股簧的優(yōu)點也逐漸被廣泛了解,許多企業(yè)都希望在其產(chǎn)品中用多股簧替換原來的單股彈簧以達到改進產(chǎn)品性能的目的。然而,現(xiàn)階段針對多股簧的理論研究主要集中在多股簧的制造裝備和幾何模型方面,而多股簧的響應模型及多股簧系統(tǒng)的響應分析理論研究很不充分,相關企業(yè)在使用多股簧時沒有理論指導,難以充分發(fā)揮多股簧的優(yōu)點。本文以解決多股簧工程應用中的關鍵問題為核心目標,在多股簧的制造、靜態(tài)響應建模、動態(tài)響應建模以及多股簧系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應分析等方面開展了以下研究工作:①首先,針對多股簧卷繞加工的關鍵參數(shù)——鋼絲捻距的選取尚無理論支持的問題,研究了最優(yōu)鋼絲捻距的的選取準則,提出了最優(yōu)鋼絲捻距的計算方法,解決了制約多股簧新產(chǎn)品快速開發(fā)的關鍵問題;②針對目前多股簧靜態(tài)響應模型尚不完善,不能很好的描述多股簧非線性剛度,導致設計基于多股簧的復位機構時缺乏理論指導的問題,考慮多股簧鋼索受載變形時同層各股鋼絲接觸狀態(tài)變化的影響,提出了多股簧靜態(tài)響應的“兩狀態(tài)”模型,該模型可反映多股簧的非線性剛度,提高了多股簧靜態(tài)響應分析的精度,為基于多股簧的復位裝置的設計提供了理論支持;③針對目前尚無能夠同時準確描述多股簧非線性剛度和滯遲阻尼的高精度多股簧動態(tài)響應模型,導致無法分析股簧系統(tǒng)動態(tài)響應的問題,通過對大量實驗數(shù)據(jù)的分析,歸納了多股簧動態(tài)響應曲線的基本性質(zhì),在此基礎上提出了一種多股簧動態(tài)響應模型,該模型是一種修正的歸一化Bouc-Wen模型,具有精度高、參數(shù)易識別的優(yōu)點,為多股簧動態(tài)系統(tǒng)的設計、分析奠定了理論基礎;④針對現(xiàn)有參數(shù)識別方法多基于非線性迭代算法,需要人為給定合適的初始猜測解,在工程應用時常因收斂性問題導致不能正確識別多股簧動態(tài)響應模型參數(shù)的問題,結合多股簧動態(tài)響應模型的自身特點,提出一種無需迭代的兩步識別方法,將這一方法與現(xiàn)有的非線性迭代法相結合,提出了一種無須人為給定初始猜測解的、精度更高的三步參數(shù)識別方法,這兩種方法解決了多股簧動態(tài)響應模型參數(shù)識別困難的問題,為后續(xù)響應分析研究提供了條件;⑤針對工程中重點關注的多股簧系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)諧波響應問題,以非線性系統(tǒng)響應分析的諧波平衡法為理論基礎,首先推導了適用于弱非線性多股簧系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)諧波響應的單諧波解,而后引入非線性迭代算法,與諧波平衡法結合,將非線性微分方程的求解問題轉化為最優(yōu)化問題,提出了可分析強非線性多股簧系統(tǒng)的迭代多諧波平衡分析方法,實踐表明,該方法是多股簧系統(tǒng)諧響應分析的一種有效手段;⑥針對工程中大量實際多股簧系統(tǒng)均呈現(xiàn)近似線性系統(tǒng)的響應行為的現(xiàn)象以及多股簧系統(tǒng)的隨機響應問題,研究了多股簧系統(tǒng)動態(tài)響應的等效線性化和統(tǒng)計線性化方法。等效線性化方法以本文研究的歸一化Bouc-Wen模型能量損耗分析方法為基礎,適用于多股簧系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)諧波響應分析;統(tǒng)計線性化方法適用于多股簧系統(tǒng)的隨機響應分析,該方法可處理激勵功率譜密度函數(shù)為理分式的多股簧系統(tǒng)的平穩(wěn)隨機響應問題。線性化分析方法具有分析速度快的優(yōu)點,可在多股簧系統(tǒng)初步設計時作為一種高效但精度略低的方法使用。
[Abstract]:Multi strand spring (short spring) is a cylindrical spiral spring made of steel cables twisted by multiple strands and multi layer spring steel wires. Compared with the ordinary single spring, multiple springs have the advantages of high strength, long life, high reliability, anti oil pollution, good shock resistance and shock resistance, and are the weight of automatic weapons, heavy machinery and all kinds of high-end equipment. In order to reset the base parts. Multiple spring manufacturing is difficult to restrict its application. In the past, it was used only in a few military products. In recent years, the multi spring high precision CNC machining technology has gradually matured, the problem of multi spring manufacturing has been basically solved, and the advantages of multi spring spring have gradually been widely understood, and many enterprises want to use multiple shares in their products. The spring replaces the original single spring for the purpose of improving the performance of the product. However, at this stage, the theoretical research on the multiple spring is mainly focused on the manufacturing equipment and geometric model of the multi spring spring, while the response model of the multiple spring and the response analysis theory of the multiple spring system are not fully studied. Theoretical guidance is difficult to give full play to the advantages of multiple springs. This paper aims at solving the key problems in the application of multiple spring engineering. The following research work has been carried out in the manufacturing of multiple spring springs, modeling of static response, dynamic response modeling, and dynamic response analysis of multiple spring systems. The key parameter, the selection of the wire twist distance, has not yet supported the theoretical support. The selection criteria of the optimal wire distance are studied, the calculation method of the optimal wire twist distance is put forward, and the key problem that restricts the rapid development of the multi spring new product is solved. Secondly, the multi spring static response model is not perfect and can not describe the multiple shares well. The spring nonlinear stiffness leads to the lack of theoretical guidance in the design of a reset mechanism based on multiple springs. Considering the influence of the changes in the contact state of the steel wire in the same layer when the multiple spring steel cables are loaded, the "two state" model of the multi spring static response is proposed. The model can reflect the nonlinear stiffness of the multiple spring and increase the static state of the multiple spring. The accuracy of the response analysis provides a theoretical support for the design of a reset device based on multiple springs. (3) there is not yet a high precision multi spring dynamic response model that can accurately describe the nonlinear stiffness and hysteresis damping of multiple springs at the same time, which leads to the failure to analyze the dynamic response of the spring system, and through the analysis of a large number of experimental data, The basic properties of multi spring dynamic response curve are summed up. On this basis, a dynamic response model of multiple springs is proposed. This model is a modified normalized Bouc-Wen model, which has the advantages of high precision and easy to identify parameters. It lays a theoretical foundation for the design of multi spring dynamic system and analyses the existing parameter identification method. Based on the nonlinear iterative algorithm, it is necessary to give the proper initial conjecture and the problem that the parameters of the dynamic response model can not be identified correctly in the engineering application because of the convergence problem. A two step recognition method without iteration is proposed, which combines the characteristics of the multi spring dynamic response model. In combination with the nonlinear iterative method, a three step parameter identification method with higher precision is proposed without human given initial guess solution. These two methods solve the difficult problem of multi spring dynamic response model parameter identification, and provide conditions for the follow-up response analysis. 5. The harmonic response problem is based on the harmonic balance method of nonlinear system response analysis. First, the single harmonic solution for the steady harmonic response of the weak nonlinear multi ply spring system is derived. Then the nonlinear iterative algorithm is introduced and the solution of the nonlinear differential equation is transformed into the optimization problem by combining the nonlinear iterative algorithm with the harmonic balance method. The iterative multi harmonic equilibrium analysis method for the analysis of strong nonlinear multiple spring systems is presented. The practice shows that this method is an effective method for the harmonic response analysis of multiple spring systems. The equivalent linearization and statistical linearization method for dynamic response of multiple spring systems is used. The equivalent linearization method is based on the normalized Bouc-Wen model energy loss analysis method studied in this paper. It is suitable for the steady harmonic response analysis of multiple spring systems, and the statistical linearization method is suitable for the random response analysis of multiple spring systems. This method is applied to the analysis of the random response of multiple spring systems. The linear analysis method has the advantage of fast analysis, which can be used as a highly efficient but slightly lower precision method for the preliminary design of multiple spring systems.

【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH135

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