本文選題：空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)　切入點：建模　出處：《杭州電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：壓縮空氣作為一種常用的動力源,其能耗成本已占到全國工業(yè)總耗電量的10%,被越來越多的應(yīng)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者從空壓機(jī)改造、系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化、控制器設(shè)計等多方面進(jìn)行了許多研究工作,并取得豐碩成果。本文基于國內(nèi)外研究與應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,在以下幾方面展開空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)節(jié)能研究,內(nèi)容包括:(1)總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外空壓機(jī)廠商以及學(xué)者在空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)領(lǐng)域的研究,并根據(jù)我國工業(yè)使用空壓機(jī)情況指出了當(dāng)前空壓機(jī)系統(tǒng)節(jié)能存在的問題。從系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)氣、輸氣、耗氣三方面概括了工業(yè)中經(jīng)常使用的節(jié)能措施,并對加卸載控制、臺數(shù)控制、變頻控制等基本控制方式進(jìn)行了分析。(2)根據(jù)空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)運行機(jī)理,以單臺非變頻螺桿機(jī)為氣源裝置,建立了包括進(jìn)氣閥、空壓機(jī)能耗、排氣量、儲氣罐、輸氣管道泄露、冷卻器等數(shù)學(xué)模型;通過MATLAB仿真分析了非變頻空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)運行過程。為深入研究空壓機(jī)群節(jié)能策略,還建立了變頻條件下空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)性能模型方程,并通過仿真對變頻控制進(jìn)行了分析。(3)針對單臺非變頻空壓機(jī)系統(tǒng),分析了定負(fù)荷下采用加卸載控制方式時的卸載壓力與系統(tǒng)耗能情況,提出了基于負(fù)荷變化下的自動調(diào)節(jié)最優(yōu)卸載壓力運行策略,使得系統(tǒng)耗能最小;針對非變頻空壓機(jī)群控系統(tǒng),分析了在系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)負(fù)荷大范圍變化時采用階梯式加卸載控制方式運行過程;針對含變頻空壓機(jī)群控系統(tǒng),分析了負(fù)荷變化較大時采用PID控制方式的優(yōu)劣,并提出一種結(jié)合自動控制原理中的變速積分控制策略,仿真結(jié)果表明該方法能夠使系統(tǒng)能耗減小,并達(dá)到更好的控制效果。(4)為了對空壓機(jī)群控節(jié)能策略實用性進(jìn)行深入研究,搭建了空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)實驗臺�？刂葡到y(tǒng)以西門子PLC為核心,通過PLC實時采集儲氣罐溫度、壓力、排氣量等,并在PLC中通過梯形圖編寫了相應(yīng)的實驗控制程序;上位機(jī)采用面向?qū)ο蟮木幊趟枷?運用C#語言開發(fā),實現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)采集、曲線顯示、數(shù)據(jù)保存和節(jié)能分析等功能。(5)針對搭建的空氣壓縮系統(tǒng)實驗臺進(jìn)行了全面調(diào)試,通過該實驗臺初步完成加卸載控制實驗、階梯式控制實驗和變頻控制實驗。目前實驗臺運行穩(wěn)定,支持完成多種開放性節(jié)能控制試驗。
[Abstract]:Compressed air as a common power source, its energy consumption cost has accounted for 10 percent of the total industrial power consumption in the country, has been more and more used in industrial production. Domestic and foreign scholars from the air compressor transformation, system optimization, A lot of research work has been done on controller design and many other aspects. Based on the current research and application situation at home and abroad, the research on energy saving of air compression system has been carried out in the following aspects. The contents include: (1) summarized the research of domestic and foreign air compressor manufacturers and scholars in the field of air compression system, and pointed out the existing problems in energy saving of air compressor system according to the situation of air compressor used in our country. The energy saving measures frequently used in industry are summarized in three aspects of gas consumption, and the basic control methods, such as loading and unloading control, number control, frequency conversion control, etc., are analyzed according to the operation mechanism of air compression system. A mathematical model including intake valve, energy consumption of air compressor, exhaust volume, gas storage tank, gas pipeline leakage, cooler and so on is established with a single non-frequency conversion screw machine as the air source device. The operation process of non-frequency conversion air compression system is analyzed by MATLAB simulation. In order to study the energy saving strategy of air compressor group, the performance model equation of air compression system under frequency conversion condition is also established. The frequency conversion control is analyzed by simulation. Aiming at the single non-frequency conversion air compressor system, the unloading pressure and energy consumption of the system are analyzed when the loading and unloading control mode is adopted under the fixed load. The optimal unloading pressure operation strategy based on load change is proposed to minimize the energy consumption of the system, and to solve the problem of non-frequency conversion air compressor group control system, The running process of step loading and unloading control mode is analyzed when the load varies in a large range, and the advantages and disadvantages of PID control mode when the load change is large are analyzed for the group control system of air compressor with frequency conversion. A variable speed integral control strategy combined with the principle of automatic control is proposed. The simulation results show that the method can reduce the energy consumption of the system and achieve a better control effect. The control system takes Siemens PLC as the core and collects the temperature, pressure and exhaust volume of the gas storage tank through PLC in real time. The corresponding experimental control program is compiled by trapezoidal diagram in PLC. The upper computer adopts the object oriented programming thought, uses the C # language to develop, has realized the data collection, the curve display, the data saving and the energy saving analysis and so on function. The loading and unloading control experiment, step control experiment and frequency conversion control experiment are preliminarily completed on this experimental bench. At present, the experiment bench runs stably and supports the completion of various open energy saving control tests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH41

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本文編號：1640341